Tsis ntseeg tau pib nyob rau hauv philosophy: lub tswvyim, hauv paus ntsiab lus, keeb kwm, cov neeg sawv cev

Tsis ntseeg tau pib - lub philosophy hais tias nws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus yog qhov fab ntxeev ntawm dogmatism. Obviously, qhov no txoj kab ntawm philosophy ntawm science, thiab tau raug tsim nyob rau hauv view ntawm lub fact tias ib co ntawm cov ancients tau sau ib tug ntau ntawm neeg pab leg ntaubntawv twb uas twb muaj lawm thaum lub sij hawm tiam sis.

Ib qho ntawm thawj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm skepticism, Empiricus, nyob rau hauv nws philosophical ua hauj lwm piav qhia hais tias nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam no, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov yooj yim cov cuab yeej ntawm thought - ib tug sib piv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab txawj ntse txoj kev xav, raws li zoo raws li lub txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no rau txhua tus lwm yam. Skeptics tau nug qhov zoo ntawm kev xav nws tus kheej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau lo lus nug ntawm lub hav zoov thiab raug cai ntawm cov dogmas - tej yam tseeb uas hais tias yuav tsum tau noj rau kev tso thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob hais tias rau nws tus kheej tej pov thawj yog.

Txawm li cas los, tsis ntseeg tau pib li cov kev taw qhia ntawm philosophical science tsis xav txog kev tsis ntseeg raws li ib tug yuav tsum muaj hauv paus ntsiab lus - nws siv nws tsuas yog raws li ib tug polemical riam phom tiv thaiv los ntawm UFW ntawm dogma. Lub philosophy ntawm skepticism li confesses xws li ib tug hauv paus ntsiab lus, raws li ib tug tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ib tug ntshiab qho uas txawv ntawm skepticism txhua hnub (txhua hnub), scientific thiab philosophical.

Nyob rau hauv txhua hnub nqe lus skepticism yuav tau piav raws li ib tug puas siab puas ntsws lub xeev ntawm ib tug neeg, nws situational paub tsis meej, tsis ntseeg ib yam dab tsi. Tus txiv neej-skeptic yeej ib txwm refrained qhia categorical kev txiav txim.

Kev skepticism - nws yog kom meej meej thiab li qhia siv kuj ua tsis sib xws los cov neeg zaum uas nyob rau hauv lawv cov kev txiav txim tsis raws li empirical pov thawj. Nyob rau hauv kev, nws txhawj xeeb axioms - theorems uas tsis yuav tsum tau pov thawj.

Tsis ntseeg tau pib nyob rau hauv philosophy - qhov no yog cov kev taw qhia, cov followers ntawm uas, raws li twb hais saum toj no, qhia doubts txog lub hav zoov ntawm txhim khu kev qha kev txawj ntse. Nyob rau hauv nws me me daim ntawv skeptical tas rau kev txawj ntse ntawm qhov tseeb thiab teev khi tawm tsam tag nrho theories thiab hypotheses. Rau lawv, philosophy, xws li ib tug lawv ua raws li, yog ib yam ntawm cov kev kawm zoo ib yam li cov paj huam, tab sis tsis science nyob rau hauv nws cov purest daim ntawv. Nws yog txuas mus rau tus naas ej daim ntawv: "Philosophy - yog tsis science!"

Tsis ntseeg tau pib nyob rau hauv philosophy: yuav ua li cas los tsim cov kev taw qhia ntawm

Lub keeb kwm ntawm skepticism yog waning, lub havzoov ntawm lub tsheb txhob sibtsoo xwm. Yug hauv cheeb tsam no nyob rau hauv ancient Greece, nyob rau hauv cov Nrab Hnub nyoog ua si ib tug heev me luag hauj lwm, thiab dua revived nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm lub Reformation (thaum lub sij hawm ntawm rov qab los ntawm Greek philosophy), thaum skepticism twb los yug dua nyob rau hauv ib tug yam daim ntawv ntawm cov tshiab lub tswv yim, xws li subjectivism thiab positivism.

Tsis ntseeg tau pib nyob rau hauv philosophy: cov neeg sawv cev

Qhov tus tsim ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm cov Greek skeptics Pyrrho xav hais tias, raws li ib txhia xav, cov kev kawm nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, antique skepticism nyob rau hauv teb mus rau lub metaphysical dogma hais los ntawm xws li philosophers li Arkesilaos (nruab nrab Academy) thiab lub thiaj li hu ua "lig" skeptical Akipas Sextus Empiricus, Enesidemom. Nyob rau hauv kev, Enesidem ib zaug muaj kaum tropes (hauv paus ntsiab lus) skeptizizma. Rau thawj - yog qhov txawv ntawm cov neeg, cov neeg lub xeev ntawm nyob beings, lub siab kabmob, kev cai, qhov chaw, mus, tej xwm txheej thiab lawv sib txuas. Cov plaub ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus - nws yog ib tug tov hav zoov ntawm cov ntaus nqi kwv nrog lwm leej lwm tus, Relativity nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, nyob rau ntawm ib tug tej yam muaj pes tsawg tus ntawm ntaus tswv yim, nyob ntawm seb kev cai lij choj, kev ua tau yog, kev kawm ntawv, kev cai dab qhuas thiab philosophical views.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm skepticism Srednevevekovya thiab niaj hnub lub sij hawm yog David Hume thiab M. Montel.

Tsis ntseeg tau pib nyob rau hauv philosophy: thuam

Thuam ntawm skepticism, nyob rau hauv particular, koom nyob rau hauv Vaughan Lewis thiab Theodore Schick, uas tau sau, cia li raws li skeptics yog tsis ntseeg hais tias cov kev txawj ntse yuav tsum tau rau nws tus kheej kev ntseeg siab, yuav ua li cas muaj peev xwm lawv paub hais tias qhov no yog muaj tseeb tiag. Nws yog ib zajlus kom hais tias lawv paub hais tias lawv tsis tau. Lo lus nug no muab loj vim li cas rau tsis ntseeg hais tias daim ntawv ntawm skepticism, uas paub tas yuav tsum tau cog qoob loo. Raws li cov kev cai ntawm logic, skepticism yog tau tsis tsuas mus rau ntseeg, tab sis cam nws raws li ib tug tag nrho. Tab sis raws li peb cov kev muaj tiag yog nyob deb tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm cov zajlus kom txoj cai lij choj (muaj nyob rau hauv peb lub neej muab intractable thiab inexplicable paradoxes), xws thuam nyiam mloog zoo zoo, vim hais tias "yog tsis muaj cov tsis skeptics, yog li ntawd, tsis tas hais tias tus skeptics yuav ntseeg cov cuab yam."