Totalitarian thiab authoritarian nom tswv regimes, lawv tus yam ntxwv thiab sib txawv

Lub tswvyim ntawm authoritarianism twb ua ntej nkag tau mus rau hauv kev nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XX xyoo pua nom kws tshawb fawb ntawm cov Frankfurt School. Lub implication yog tias lub authoritarian nom tswv regimes yog ib tug set ntawm cov nta ntawm kev koom haum thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub peculiar kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg thiab cov tub ceev xwm. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim txhais, xws li ib tug hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev sib raug zoo thiab lub xeev cov qauv nyob rau hauv ntse sib piv rau notions ntawm yeej muaj tseeb kev cai ywj pheej. Txawm li cas los, cov yam ntxwv ntawm ib tug authoritarian nom tswv tsoom fwv yuav pom nyob rau hauv ntau lub xeev ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem lub ntiaj teb no. Tsis hais lub tob keeb kwm kev ntawm noob neej. Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm ib tug authoritarian nom tswv tsoom fwv

• Concentration ntawm tag nrho cov hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm ib tug neeg los yog ib tug me me pab pawg neeg: cov tub rog Junta, tib tug dictator ntawm lub Theological thawj coj thiab thiaj li nyob.

• Sib cais ntawm Powers rau nrog ywj siab ceg, ntawm chav kawm, muaj.

• Nyob rau hauv xws li ib tug lub xeev feem ntau suppressed tej real txheem quab yuam. Txawm li cas los, qhov no tsis txwv cov hav zoov ib demonstrative puppet txheem raws li ntev raws li qhov teeb meem no yog nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm cov tub ceev xwm. Feem ntau, los ntawm tsoom fwv nws tus kheej pib lub thiaj li hu ua kev xaiv tsa imitation - uas yog tuav qho kev tshwm sim rau tag nrho cov kev cwj pwm, txoj kev kom cov illusion ntawm kev ncaj ncees kev xaiv tsa, uas, nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, muaj ib tug pre-npaj scenario.

• Public koom haum saib xyuas feem ntau yog tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv uas hais kom ua-kev tswj txoj kev.

• Authoritarian nom tswv regimes feem ntau tshaj tawm lawv tus kheej kev tswj hwm, kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov kev cai thiab kev ywj siab ntawm nws cov pej xeem. Txawm li cas los, tiag tiag tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv kev xyaum, tsis guaranteed. Ntxiv mus, tsoom fwv nws tus kheej ua txhaum cov civil rights nyob rau hauv cov nom tswv ib cheeb.

• Cov kev ruaj ntseg rog tsis tiv thaiv cov pej xeem txaus siab thiab cov cai ntawm cov pej xeem thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm tsim kev txiav txim (feem ntau kuj tawm tsam nws tus kheej pej xeem).

Totalitarian thiab authoritarian nom tswv regimes

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias authoritarian lub xeev txoj cai yog txiav txim los ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm thaj av. Qhaj ntawv lossis yog leejtwg tiag ntawm ib tug ntawm lawv yog tsis txaus rau kos kev xaus lus. Feem ntau authoritarian nom tswv regimes nrhiav tau nrog totalitarianism. Thiab tab sis yog lawv muaj ib co zoo sib xws, nws tsis yog nkaus muaj tseeb. Authoritarian hwj chim rests nyob rau hauv cov cwm pwm ntawm tus thawj coj (los yog cov thawj coj ntawm cov pab pawg neeg), ib tug zoo uas tso cai rau mus usurp thiab tuav nws. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tshem tawm (tuag) ntawm cov pab pawg neeg thawj coj los yog kev txiav txim authoritarian tsoom fwv nquag niaj ib transformation li cov qub txeeg qub teg yuav tuav tsis tau rau lub hwj chim.

Tus heev notion ntawm totalitarianism txhais tau tias cov totality: lub thoob plaws lub xeev tswj kiag li tag nrho cov spheres ntawm pej xeem lub neej. Los ntawm kev tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sib tham ntawm nws cov pej xeem, lub totalitarian xeev tej zaum yuav muaj rau inspire exceptional correctness ntawm nws cov hoob kawm. Yog li ntawd, yog tsis muaj yuav tsum tau rau brutal tsuj ntawm cov pej xeem kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv lub uncontested ideology hais tias muab lub siab tshaj plaws cov neeg tseem ceeb. Thiab tus thawj coj ntawm cov cwm pwm yog tsis tseem ceeb, yog teeb meem loj xwb cov neeg tseem ceeb tswj pej xeem sentiment.