Tatarstan Lub zos: Ib daim ntawv teev los ntawm pejxeem

Tag nrho lub zos nyob rau hauv Tatarstan muaj txawv nta, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, yog ib qhov txuas uas koom siab ua ke rau lawv. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv muaj nyob rau hauv ntau yog hais tias lawv yog cov koom ntawm lub koom pheej nrog ib tug hluas cim kab lis kev cai. Tab sis dab tsi yog tam sim no lub nroog ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan? Sau thiab cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv cov localities, raws li zoo li lwm yam nta, thiab yuav tsum tau cov kev kawm ntawm peb cov kev kawm.

General ntaub ntawv hais txog cov koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan

Ua ntej koj yuav pib mus tshawb ib co ntawm lub nroog ntawm Tatarstan, cia peb kawm ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov ntawm no lub teb chaws.

Tatarstan yog situated nyob rau hauv nruab nrab Volga cheeb tsam, thiab yog ib feem ntawm lub Volga Federal District. Nyob rau hauv sab qab teb nws yog bordered los ntawm cov Ulyanovsk, Samara thiab Orenburg cov cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab hnub tuaj nrog Bashkiria, nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb-sab hnub tuaj - nrog rau cov koom pheej ntawm Udmurtia, nyob rau cov leej faj - nrog rau cov Kirov cheeb tsam, nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob thiab sab qaum teb-sab hnub poob nrog rau cov koom pheej ntawm Mari El thiab Chuvashia.

Cov koom pheej yog nyob rau hauv ib tug kub tsis txias climatic tsam nrog ib tug kub tsis txias continental kev nyab xeeb hom. Tag nrho cov cheeb tsam ntawm Tatarstan, 67,8 txhiab sq. M. km, thiab cov pejxeem - 3868,7 txhiab neeg .. Raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg nyob ntawm no koom pheej yog ranked xya rau tag nrho cov kev kawm ntawm lub federation. Cov pejxeem ceev yog 57,0 neeg / sq. M. km.

Cov peev ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan yog Kazan.

Nws tau ntev lawm lub chaw uas zoo heev uas niaj hnub Tatarstan inhabited los ntawm Finno-Ugric pab pawg neeg. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua VII tuaj ntawm no Turkic pab pawg neeg ntawm cov Bulgars, thiab nrhiav tau lawv tus kheej lub xeev, uas twb puas lawm nyob rau hauv lub XIII xyoo pua Mongols. Tom qab hais tias, Tatarstan pawg neeg thaj av twb muaj rau hauv lub Golden Horde, raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm nws nrog outsiders Bulgars Turkic haiv neeg tsim lub neej tshiab nimno Tatars. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Golden Horde, ces tsim ib qho kev ywj Khanate ntawm Kazan, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab realm nyob rau hauv Ivan qhov txaus ntshai nyob rau hauv lub XVI caug xyoo. Txij thaum ntawd los hauv lub cheeb tsam tau koom colonize haiv neeg Lavxias teb sab. Ces Kazan xeev tau tsim. Nyob rau hauv 1917, lub xeev twb hloov mus rau hauv lub Tatar ASSR. Tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm lub Soviet Union, lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv 1992.

Daim ntawv teev cov lub zos nyob rau hauv Tatarstan

Tam sim no cia tus sau lub nroog ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan. Daim ntawv teev cov pejxeem yog muab hauv qab no.

• Kazan - 1217,0 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Naberezhnye Chelny - 526,8 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Almetyevsk - 152,6 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Zelenodolsk - 98,8 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Bugulma - 86,0 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Yelabuga - 73,3 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Leninogorsk - 63,3 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Chistopol - 60,9 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Zainsk - 40,9 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Nizhnekamsk - 36,2 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Leej - 33,1 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Mendeleevsk - 22,1 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Bavly - 22,2 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Buinsk - 20,9 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Arsk - 20,0 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Agryz - 19,7 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Menzelinsk - 17,0 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Mamadysh - 15.6 txhiab tshuaj INH ..
• Tetyushi - 11,4 txhiab tshuaj INH ..

Peb tau teev tseg tag nrho cov lub zos ntawm Tatarstan nyob rau hauv cov pejxeem. Tam sim no peb yuav tham txog tus biggest ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv kom meej.

Kazan - lub peev ntawm cov koom pheej

Tatarstan nroog yuav tsum tau pib kom muaj nrog nws capital - Kazan. Tej zaum lub nroog twb nrhiav tau nyob ib ncig ntawm lub xyoo 1000, txawm thaum lub sij hawm lub hav zoov ntawm cov Bulgarian lub nceeg vaj. Tab sis lub zos no mus txog thaum lub sij hawm lub Golden Horde. Tab sis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab sib cais ntawm nruab nrab Volga pawg neeg thaj av nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib Khanate, uas tau los ua tus capital ntawm Kazan. Lub xeev no yog lub thiaj li hu - lub Kazan Khanate. Tab sis txawm tom qab lub accession ntawm cov cheeb tsam lub Lavxias teb sab realm nroog tsis tau poob nws qhov tseem ceeb, yog ib yam ntawm cov coob chaw ntawm Russia. Tom qab tsim ntawm lub USSR, nws tau los ua lub peev ntawm tus Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist koom pheej, thiab tom qab nws lub cev qhuav dej los ua lub peev ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan, uas yog qhov kev kawm ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Federation.

Lub nroog yog situated nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm 425,3 square meters. km thiab muaj ib tug pej xeem ntawm 1,217 lab tshuaj INH., ib tug ntom ntawm 1915 tus neeg. / 1 sq. km. Txij li thaum 2002, kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv Kazan, muaj ib tug tsis tu ncua nyiam nce. Cov haiv neeg predominate Tatar thiab Lavxias teb sab feem constituting 48,6% thiab 47,6% ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem. Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm haiv, cov uas peb yuav tsum ntsiab qhov Chuvash, Ukrainians thiab Lub peb hlis ntuj, tsawg npaum li cas. Lawv qhia nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov pejxeem tsis txawm mus txog 1%.

Ntawm cov feem ntau ntau txojkev ntseeg Sunni Islam thiab Orthodox ntseeg Vajtswv.

Lub hauv paus ntawm lub kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm lub nroog yog lub petrochemical thiab tshuab-tsev lag luam, tab sis, raws li nyob rau hauv tej yam loj center, tsim, thiab ntau lwm yam sectors ntawm ntau lawm, raws li tau zoo raws li lag luam thiab cov kev pab cuam.

Kazan - qhov loj tshaj plaws lub nroog nyob rau hauv Tatarstan. Cov duab no tseem ceeb heev qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov European ib feem ntawm Russia yog nyob saum toj no. Raws li koj tau pom, lub zos no muaj ib tug niaj hnub saib.

Naberezhnye Chelny - qhov chaw engineering

Hais txog lwm lub zos ntawm Tatarstan, tsis txhob hais txog Naberezhnye Chelny. Cov thawj hais sib haum no twb nrhiav tau los ntawm Lavxias teb sab nyob rau hauv 1626. Chiv, nws lub npe yog Chalninsky fixes tab sis, ces lub zos twb renamed capes Chelny. Nyob rau hauv 1930, muaj ib tug tshiab renaming, raws li lub nroog lub npe hu ua Liab Chelny, tau hais tias muaj ib tug ideological tinge. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tsis deb ntawm lub zos twb nyob Ceev faj Chelny, uas yog tib yam nyob rau hauv 1930 tau txais tus txheej xwm ntawm ib lub nroog. Los ntawm cov txuas ntawm cov ob settlements raug tsim thiab Naberezhnye Chelny.

Qhov tseem sib tsim lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub 1960-1970 tus, nyob rau hauv lub Brezhnev era. Nws twb ces ua txoj kev enterprise rau zus tau tej cov tsheb thauj khoom KamAZ. Los ntawm lub zos me me ntawm Naberezhnye Chelny ua lub thib ob loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm cov Tatar Autonomous Soviet Socialist koom pheej tom qab Kazan. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm tus Secretary General ntawm lub Communist tog, nyob rau hauv 1982, lub nroog twb renamed nyob rau hauv nws yawm nyob rau hauv Brezhnev. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1988 Naberezhnye Chelny qub lub npe txum tim rov qab.

Naberezhnye Chelny - lub thib ob-loj tshaj plaws lub zos nyob, thiab hneev taw nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Nws occupies ib thaj tsam ntawm 171 square meters. km, uas yuav lub tsev ib tug pej xeem ntawm 526,8 txhiab. cov neeg. Nws ceev yog 3080,4 neeg. / 1 sq. km. Txij li thaum 2009, cov pej xeem ntawm lub nroog yog tas li loj hlob.

Tseem muaj ntau tshaj yuav nyob Tatars thiab Lavxias teb sab - 47,4% thiab 44,9%, ntsig txog. Ntau tshaj li 1% ntawm tag nrho - Chuvashes Ukrainian thiab Bashkirs. Me ntsis tsawg Udmurt, Mari thiab Mordovians.

Nizhnekamsk - tus yau nroog nyob rau hauv Tatarstan

Nizhnekamsk muaj lub npe ntawm tus yau lub zos nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Tatarstan chaw yuav tsis khav ntawm ib lub nroog uas twb nrhiav tau los ntawm nws tom qab. Nizhnekamsk siv cov kev faib twb npaj nyob rau hauv 1958. Pib lub tib siv siv rau 1960.

Tam sim no nyob rau hauv Nizhnekamsk, muab tso rau hauv ib qho cheeb tsam ntawm 63.5 sq. km, yog lub tsev mus rau 236,2 txhiab. pers., ua rau nws lub thib peb feem ntau populous nroog nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam, tom qab Kazan thiab Naberezhnye Chelny. Ceev yog 3719,6 pers. / 1 sq. km.

Tatar thiab Lavxias teb sab muaj roughly sib npaug zos xov tooj thiab yog, feem - 46,5% thiab 46,1%. Chuvash nyob rau hauv 3%, 1% ntawm Ukrainians thiab Bashkirs.

Lub nroog kev khwv nyiaj txiag yog lub petrochemical kev lag luam.

Almetyevsk - ib tug ntawm cov hiob lub zos nyob rau hauv Tatarstan

Thiab ntawm no yog cov thawj hais sib haum rau lub teb chaws uas niaj hnub Almetyevsk, on qhov tsis tooj, nteg tej lub sij hawm dhau los. Keeb nws twb hu ua Almetevo, thiab nws puag yog hais txog mus rau lub XVIII caug xyoo. Tab sis tus txheej xwm ntawm lub nroog tau txais xwb nyob rau hauv 1953.

Almetevo pejxeem yog 152,6 txhiab. Cov neeg. Nws muab tso rau nws nyob rau hauv lub hwv cheeb tsam ntawm 115 square meters. km thiab muaj ib tug ntom ntawm 1327 tus neeg. / 1 sq. km.

Feem coob yog Tatars - 55,2%. Lavxias teb sab me ntsis tsawg - 37,1%. Ces tus xov tooj mus Chuvash thiab Mordovian.

Zelenodolsk - ib lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub Volga

Zelenodol'sk puag txawv los ntawm cov tsos ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov lwm lub zos ntawm Tatarstan uas nws pw tsis muaj Lavxias teb sab los yog Tatar, thiab Mari. Qhov no thawj lub npe Porat, ces twb hloov los ntawm Kabachischi thiab Paratsky. Nyob rau hauv 1928, nws lub npe hu ua Ntsuab dol thiab 1932, nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov transformation ntawm lub nroog, Zelenodolsk.

Cov pejxeem nyob rau hauv lub nroog yog 98,8 txhiab. Cov neeg. cheeb tsam ntawm 37,7 sq. km, thiab cov kev ceev - 2617,6 neeg / 1 sq. m. km. Cov nationalities yeej los ntawm Lavxias teb sab (67%) thiab Tatars (29.1%).

Bugulma - Regional Center

Regional chaw yog lub nroog ntawm Bugulma cheeb tsam Bugulma. Cov kev sib hais haum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw no yog founded hauv 1736, thiab nws tau txais lub nroog raws li txoj cai nyob rau hauv 1781.

Pejxeem Bugulma yog 86,1 txhiab. INH. Lub ib ncig ntawm lub nroog - 27,87 sq. km. Ceev - 3088,8 neeg / 1 sq. M. km. Lub teb chaws muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pej xeem thiab tus thawj Lavxias teb sab Tatars.

General cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zos ntawm Tatarstan

Peb kawm nyob rau hauv kom meej qhov loj tshaj plaws lub nroog ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Tatarstan. Qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm lawv - lub peev ntawm Kazan, muaj ib cov pejxeem uas 1.217.000 inhabitants. Nws yog ib lub xwb nroog-millionaire nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws. Peb lwm settlements nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov qhua nyob rau hauv excess ntawm 100 txhiab. Txiv neej.

Feem ntau ntawm cov pejxeem yog Lavxias teb sab lub zos ntawm Tatarstan thiab Tatars. Cov lwm haiv neeg nrog rau kev hwm rau ntau Ukrainians, Chuvash, Mari, Udmurt thiab Bashkir. Lub predominant kev ntseeg yog Orthodox ntseeg Vajtswv thiab Islam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib co ntau mus rau lwm cov religions.