Sights thiab keeb kwm ntawm Tomsk

Yuav kom kawm tau cov keeb kwm ntawm ib lub nroog yog ib txwm interesting. Tom qab tag nrho, lub neej txoj kev yog nws lub zos, thiab tsis ntev koj pib xav txog lub hom phiaj ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws.

txheej txheem cej luam

Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm uas peb yuav tham txog keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog ntawm Tomsk, hais txog vim li cas nws progressively loj hlob thiab tsim muaj plaub centuries. Nws yog li ntawd no hais sib haum twb npaj rau cov neeg raug txim thiab pab cov neeg, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm los ua hnyav ntau lwm domestic lub zos. Nyob rau hauv 1991 Tomsk muab tus txheej xwm ntawm ib tug keeb kwm lub nroog, raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug zoo lub xeev ntawm kev txuag ntawm lub cim historic vaj tse, ua hauj lwm thiab thiaj li nyob. Nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm no lub nroog hu ua ib tug asteroid (4931). Lub npe ntawm lub nroog thiab npe hu ua cov nuclear submarine K-150 nkoj "Tomsk", ib feem ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab Pacific Fleet. Kws ntawv Alexander Volkov siab thiab greenery ntawm lub nroog, uas yog vim li cas lub magician nyob rau hauv lub fairy taleas yog ntawm lub Emerald City!

Tomsk keeb kwm tau hais rau peb hais tias lub nroog muaj lwm lub npe - Siberian Athens. Koj muaj xav paub vim li cas nws yog li ntawd lub npe hu ua? Ces mus ua ntej!

Lub hauv paus ntawm Tomsk fortress

Qhov no amazing ancient Siberian nroog ntawm kev txhawj xeeb historians thiab archaeologists txawm hnub no, thiab tag nrho vim hais nyob rau hauv 1604 King Boris muab ib tug decree ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub "hard qhov chaw los ntawm Vajtswv qhov kev hlub ...." Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog ntawm Tomsk muaj ntau tshaj plaub centuries!

Tub huabtais Toyan nug kev pab los ntawm tus huab tais rau tus tiv thaiv thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm lawv pawg neeg thaj av. Ces tus huab tais, thiab muaj lub tswv yim yuav muaj nyob rau ib lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub roob nyob ze dhaus Cape Kev Sawv Rov Los Tom River. Keeb kwm ntawm Tomsk lub npe yog yooj yim: lub nroog yog muaj npe tom qab tus dej nyob rau hauv uas nws yog nrhiav tau los ntawm lub tsev nyiaj. Qhov kawg ntawm lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj ntawm lub tib lub xyoo nws tau ua tiav qhov kev siv ntawm cov kev sib hais haum.

Tomsk fortress ua nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm "Gorodnya." Lub hauv paus muaj ib lub tsev fuabtais quadrangle, ib tug hneev taw ntawm 0.2 hectares. Cov phab ntsa hauv burg tshaj plaws mus txog 6.5 m. Muaj 4 yees nyob rau ntawm cov ces kaum ntawm lub lag ntseg. Nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb thiab cov opposite, yav qab teb sab ntawm cov phab ntsa tau ua carriageways yees, lawv cov siab yog 13 thiab 22 meters. Nyob rau hauv lub zos tau zawv zawg down lub tsev pheeb suab, Governor loog, ntau yam barns thiab granaries, raws li zoo raws li Trinity Koom Txoos, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1606.

Uas yog xws li ib tug me me lub zos ntawm Tomsk. Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus yog yooj yim, tab sis lub nroog tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tus muaj hmoo ntawm Lavxias teb sab xeev muaj peev xwm tsis tsum overemphasized.

Tomic txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv dag zog thiab tsim tshiab phab ntsa ntawm lub ancient nroog. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1609 "peb cov phab ntsa" mus rau lub sab qaum teb sab ntawm lub fortress prirub lwm lub tsev kaw neeg. Tag nrho cov qhov ntev ntawm cov phab ntsa yog hais txog 604 yards thiab ob yards. Tiav ob lag ntseg thiab dua tus pej thuam. Tam sim no rau thaj tsam ntawm tag nrho cov vaj tse ntawm Tomsk muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 4 hectares. Cov zaj dab neeg ntawd tsis xaus nrog lub creation ntawm Tomsk.

Cov theem tom ntej ntawm kev tsim kho

Lwm fort twb ua nyob rau hauv 1634 nyob rau ob sab ntawm tus dej Ushayka dej, raws li feem ntau ntawm cov pej xeem nyob muaj. Uas City hu "Lub sab fort." Hluav Taws caij tau noj unawares Tomsk nyob rau hauv 1639 thiab 1643, ntsig txog. Lub nroog tau phem heev hlawv. Thaum lub sij hawm no twb nyob ob txhiab tus neeg nyob rau hauv Tomsk. Ntawm no, ntau tshaj 700 cov tswv teb, tradespeople thiab cov kev pab hauv chav kawm ntawv cov neeg.

Tom qab ib tug tua hluav taws nyob rau hauv 1652 cov pej xeem thiab architects tiav kev siv ntawm lub nroog lub chaw tiv thaiv.

Los ntawm kawg ntawm tus thib kaum xya xyoo pua, Tomsk - ib tug ntoo fortress ncig lub stockade, nrog 7 built-txojkev thiab lag ntseg yees. Upper fort tau koom rau cov fortress nyob rau sab qaum teb sab ntawm cov phab ntsa, qhov chaw uas muaj yog ib tug loj kev tsav tsheb ntauwd.

Nyob rau hauv 1734 nyob rau hauv Tomsk los G. F. Miller - lub teb chaws historiography. Nyob rau hauv nws chaw muag mis nyuj nws sau hais tias cov keeb kwm ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm Tomsk yog amazing, nws txoj kev loj hlob qhuas lawv tus kheej pace. Nws kuj sau hais tias qhov fortress ua tau "nyob rau hauv tus qauv ntawm cov tsev ntoo," thiab nyob rau hauv lub yees nyob ze ntawm lub rooj vag muaj artillery rau hluav taws. Muaj lwm ntauwd - lub xya, nrog cunning. Nws tau koom rau cov Trinity Koom Txoos. Qab lub fortress yog ib tug me me fort, nyob rau hauv lub XVIII xyoo pua nws languished neeg raug kaw Swedes.

By kawg ntawm lub XVIII caug xyoo, lub nroog twb muab faib ua xya qhov chaw. ntxiv dag zog rau lub nroog tsis tau fwm. Thiab nyob rau hauv lub nroog yog:

• 7 lub koom txoos.
• 1 Monastery.
• 237 = 3 khw muag khoom noj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov lag luam tawm.
• 1500 nroog tsev.
• 7500 inhabitants.

Tomsk keeb kwm sau cia rau hauv lub annals, hais tias nyob rau hauv 1723 lub nroog neeg nyob ntawm txog 9000 pej xeem sib txawv ntawm cov chav kawm ntawv.

Lub nroog nyob

Siberian Tomsk los ua qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm economics, geography thiab cov tub rog txoj cai rau ob peb yog vim li cas. Cia saib lawv.

Firstly, Tomsk - ib qhov chaw nyob qhov twg pawg ntawm Cossacks mus rau scout nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tug uas tsis yog-kev thaj yeeb av los ntawm lub Altai Toj siab, lub headwaters ntawm lub Yenisei rau Transbaikalia steppes thiab txawm lub Pacific hiav txwv! Uas muab kev pab hauv chav kawm ntawv cov neeg Tomsk leem txoj kev rau cov thawj ntawm cov Siberian expanses.

Secondly, thawj economic hauv paus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub nroog yog lub khais ua liaj ua teb. Nws hais ntxiv hais tias lub Tomsk koom laij Lavxias teb sab lub zos. Tsis ntev, lub nroog emerges thiab npaj cov paj ntaub. Twb tau nyob rau 1626, lub nroog muaj ntau tshaj 20 artisans. Tom qab 30 xyoo, qhov no xov tooj nce los ntawm 2.5 lub sij hawm. Txawm ib puas xyoo nrog Tomich ntau tshaj 380 craftsmen ntawm txawv specialties. Cov lawv yog cov tswv-tub txawg: .. Icon painters, Armorer, watchmakers, thiab lwm yam Thaum pib ntawm lub thib kaum xya xyoo pua, raws li evidenced los ntawm keeb kwm ntawm lub nroog ntawm Tomsk, originates los ntawm lub smelting ntawm hlau ore nyob rau hauv lub muaj scale. txua ntoo thiab ntoo mus txog lub siab tshaj plaws peaks. Tomsk architecture ntawm no kabke. Zaj dabneeg vaj tse Tomsk peb yuav pom tau tias tom qab.

Peb, lub nroog yog heev thaum ntxov thiab sai sai los ua qhov loj tshaj plaws kav khw center, raws li twb tau tsim nyob rau hauv lub zej zog ntawm lub yav qab teb Siberian cheeb tsam. Tomsk - Center transit zog ntawm cov neeg Siberia.

cov tsev kawm ntawv

Nyob rau hauv lub Siberian cheeb tsam ntawm Tomsk nyob rau hauv lub nyob rau hauv lub rankings rau tus xov tooj ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv rau 100 xyoo. Twb tau nyob rau xyoo 1878, nyob rau hauv lub zos no thawj Imperial University nyob rau hauv Russia tshaj lub Urals tau qhib.

University hu ua tom qab V. V. Kuybysheva xam tau tias yog tus hiob tsev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv Siberia thiab Far East. Keeb kwm ntawm Tomsk pom tias nws twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1880. Ob peb xyoos tom qab, lub tsev qhib ib kev kho mob thiab kev cai lij choj faculties. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm Tomsk State pedagogical University tsim thiab kev kho mob hauv tsev.

Nyob rau hauv 1976 TSU qhib departments nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia:

• lub cev;
• Xov tooj cua Physics;
• Txhua yam thiab Zauv;
• Physics thiab Technology;
• Geology thiab Geography;
• Applied Zauv;
• tshuaj;
• av thiab lom;
• kev cai lij choj;
• Philology;
• keeb kwm;
• economic;
• kev kawm;
• Kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv;
• Preparatory thiab xov xwm departments.

Lub TSU qhib kev tshawb fawb institutes nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm mechanics thiab kev kawm txog zauv, biology, thiab biophysics. Muaj lub tsev kawm ntawv botanical vaj thiab ntau puas:

• mineralogy;
• paleontology;
• kev kawm txog tsiaj txhu;
• archeology;
• ethnography;
• herbarium.

Qhov scientific tsev qiv ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv nws cov rhawv peb vam tagnrho.

Hostel rau cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawm Tbilisi State University twb ua nyob rau hauv 1883 nkaus rau pub nyiaj sau. Cov chav muaj cov rooj tog thiab cov tais diav tsim nyog rau ib tug xis nyob me nyuam kawm ntawv. Rau lawv twb qhib chav thiab ib chav qiv. Thiab qhov kev txiav txim nyob rau hauv lub dormitory tom ntej soj ntsuam minister.

Raws li rau lub leisure thiab kev cai qhov chaw ntawm lub nroog lub neej, ces twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua puv 19 nyob sab Philharmonic, theaters thiab puas.

Ib txhia txheeb cais

Qhov qhib ntawm lub Tomsk State University heev cuam tshuam qhov zoo ntawm lub neej - nws yog qualitatively zoo tuaj. Qhov no yog vim li, vim hais tias tom qab 100 xyoo tom qab qhib ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm ntaub ntawv teev ze li ntawm 2,000 cov xib fwb, cov kws qhia ntawv thiab soj ntsuam, nrog rau cov 70 professors thiab cov kws kho mob los ntawm ntau yam sciences, hais txog 450 pab professors thiab sib tw, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm zoo tshaj 8,000.

Cov txheej tsos ntawm lub nroog

Keeb kwm ntawm Tomsk tsev hais tias ntoo architecture thiab architecture ntawm lub era muaj tsis tau tsuas yog cov heev tab sis kuj zoo nkauj cov ntaub ntawv, txaus nyiam facades, Q thiab amazing carved décor.

Niaj hnub no, ib tug yuav saib muaj ntau lub tsev uas qhia cov qhua lub nroog tsos ob centuries dhau los. Heev zoo nkauj lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm Sawv Rov Los, ua nyob rau hauv Baroque style. Tsis tas li ntawd zoo li amazing Gostiny Dvor rau lub lag luam, ua los ntawm cov pob zeb. Muaj vaj tse ua nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm classicism:

• Nom (1802-1812 gg.).
• Tsoom fwv chaw ua hauj lwm (1830-1842 gg.).
• Txauv complex (1854-1854 gg.).
• Tus thawj lub tsev ntawm Tbilisi State University (1880-1885 gg.).

Tshaj greenery, kev txuag ntawm hav zoov chaw, ib tug ntau ntawm cov pob zeb thiab ntoo vaj tse nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb carving - ib tug feature uas distinguishes hauv txoj kev ntawm Tomsk. Keeb kwm qhia tau hais tias peb nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb ntoo architecture, tab sis, hmoov tsis, ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov ntoo vaj tse raug puas los ntawm heev heev hluav taws kub. Niaj hnub no, yuav ib tug so tsev, Tomichi kho nws qhov rais thiab qhov rooj yog ntoo carvings, lawv ua tib zoo khaws cia kab lig kev cai ntawm lub Siberian backwoods. Villagers kuj decorate lawv cov tsev nyob rau outskirts ntawm Tomsk.

qhov twg mus

lub tsev kawm ntawv	chaw nyob	nta
tsev cia puav pheej ntawm lub zos dab neeg	Frunze Avenue, d. 2	Founded hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1922, nyob rau hauv lub tsev ntawm Tomsk kub tsuas I. D. Astasheva. Pab nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub exhibition thiab cov tsev khaws puav pheej yuav teev cia muaj Tretyakov Gallery thiab lub Rumyantsev Tsev khaws puav pheej
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Ntoo Architecture	Kirov Prospect, d. 7	Cov tsev khaws puav pheej nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev-monument ntawm Lavxias teb sab architecture ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws tseem ceeb. Lub tsev yuav ua tau cov cav, trim yog ua nyob rau hauv niaj hnub style. Tsev khaws puav pheej exhibition yog nyob rau hauv lub thib ob hauv pem teb, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv lub nthab. Lub Fund muaj kwv yees li 200 teev, raws li zoo raws li 300 khoom uas muab muaj ib ntus
Qhov zoo ces monument	Shevchenko Street, d. 19	Sculpture nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hma muaj lwm lub npe - "Txoj cai tam sim no hu nkauj." Nws qhib tsis yog li ntawd ntev dhau los, nyob rau hauv 2005. Hma sawv kev zoo siab, raws li tus sau ntawm peb tes num Leontiya Usova
ruble monument	cheeb tsam Novo-Cathedral	Nyhav ntoo npib txog 250 kg. Ua xws nyiaj tawm ntawm cov ntoo thuv. Ua ntej, los ntawm txoj kev puas tsuaj ntawm nws cov dej them nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb daws, tiam sis ces "fej" nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb tshab yas lub thawv
Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm keeb kwm Tomsk nroog	Txoj kev Bakunin, d. 3	Nws yuav qhib rau cov pej xeem nyuam qhuav xwb, nyob rau hauv 2003. Tus exhibition yog hu ua "Thawj Xyoo pua ntawm Tomsk"
Epiphany Cathedral	Lenin Square, d. 8	Ib tug ntawm cov hiob cathedrals nyob rau hauv Tomsk. Tsa nyob rau hauv 1630
planetarium	Lenin Avenue, d. 82, k. 1	Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm TSU
Tsev ua yeeb yam "buffoon" muaj npe tom qab R. Vindermana	Lub cheeb tsam ntawm Salt, d. 4	Tus theatre qhib cov qhov rooj rau cov neeg tuaj saib nyob rau hauv 40 lub xyoos ntawm lub thib nees nkaum caug xyoo. Qhov no qhov chaw zoo mus ntsib nrog cov me nyuam yaus, raws li tag nrho cov productions ua nrog puppets
Slavic mythology Tsev khaws puav pheej	Txoj kev Zagorny, d. 12	Qhov loj tshaj plaws tsev cia puav pheej ntawm Ural npoo. Tso rau neeg pom muaj xws li cim teev. Easel painting, graphics - tag nrho cov no raws li peb mythology, raws li zoo raws li raws li nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab pej xeem tales. Ancient Rus 'los ciaj sia nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub tsev khaws puav pheej qhua

Yuav ua li cas yog noteworthy qhua

Txij li thaum Tomsk - qub Siberian lub zos, muaj ntau ntau yam historic vaj tse. Niaj hnub no cov tsev khaws puav pheej yog tsis muaj tsev nyob rau hauv lawv, lub tsev txhab nyiaj, cov thawj tswj cov kev pab cuam. Muaj ntau ntau Orthodox churches, muaj ib tug lub tsev teev ntuj thiab txawm ib tug mosque. Niaj hnub no, nyob rau teb chaws yav tas los Tomsk fortress muaj tsib universities, lub lam yog nyob rau theem ntawm Drama ua yeeb yam. Feem tooj ntawm cov cim thiab funny monuments adorn lub nroog txoj kev. Tab sis sab nraum lub nroog muaj attractions uas tsis tsawg interesting thiab muaj nuj nqis!

Piv txwv li, rau sab saum toj kwj Basandayki yeej hais txog 15 springs nrog khib curative dej. Peb tseem ceeb townspeople hu ua raws li "Talovskie tais." Tej paj lug lub npe lawv tau txais vim lub txiv qaub ntsev lawv muaj. Mus tawm mus rau qhov chaw ntawm tus dej, lub Cheebtsam tsim ib lub voj qe phab ntsa thiab darkens nws vim hais tias ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm manganese oxide. Qhov loj tshaj lub tais muaj lub tsis:

• phab ntsa thickness - 30 cm;
• qhov siab - 1 'meter';
• Length - 4 meters.

Nws hais tias Talovskaya dej tsis tau tsuas yog kho, tab sis kuj qab ntxiag mus rau lub saj. Ceeb yog qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hnyav lub caij ntuj no, cov yuam sij no tsis khov puas tau.

Tomsk xwm yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb monuments uas tsim nyog tsis muaj tsawg xim tshaj hauv lub tuam tsev los yog Gostiny Dvor.

xaus

Tomsk keeb kwm yog tag nrho ntawm cov txheej xwm thiab cov lus tseeb. Lub nroog yog loj hlob sai thiab loj hlob. Thaum lub sij hawm lub xyoo pua 4, nws tau dab tsi ntau ntawm lub nroog yuav tsis txhais nyob rau hauv ib txhiab xyoo.

Lub nroog tau tsim thiab tsim ib tug ntau yam ntawm infrastructure. Niaj hnub no, lub ntsiab teeb meem - kom muaj thiab txawj tej yam ntxiv nws. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj kev txhawj xeeb Tomsk - preservation ntawm lub keeb kwm neeg, muaj tswv yim ambitions Siberian Athens - historic kev cai center. Ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kev ntsuas coj, tab sis kuj yog ib tug ntau yuav tsum tau ua li cas rau cov tub ceev xwm.

Keeb kwm ntawm Tomsk luv luv thiab meej meej qha cov qhua mus rau lub nroog txog nws txoj kev, kev vam meej thiab kev kawm.

Tourists uas tau mus xyuas Tomsk, hais tias nyob rau hauv lub zos no nws yog tsis yooj yim sua tsis mus poob rau hauv kev hlub. Lawv pom nws huv si thiab zoo khaws cia. Nws yog pom hais tias cov neeg tsav tsheb yog paub cai rau cov neeg taug kev. Cov poj niam piav txog nws raws li cozy thiab zoo nkauj lub zos. Tus txiv neej txaus siab rau Tomsk Beer Tsev khaws puav pheej. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lub nroog yog xav tau cov laus, muaj ntau ntau cov neeg hluas uas muaj npe tau txais nyob rau hauv pej xeem universities thiab kawm ntawv qib siab.

Yog xav tau rau qhov no charming thiab historic nroog yuav tsum yog los ntawm lub dav hlau, tsheb ciav hlau, chaw tos tsheb loj thiab ntawm cov hoob kawm lub tsheb. albeit nyuag los ntawm Novosibirsk: 250 km - thiab koj muaj.