Raum muaj nuj nqi: imperceptible zog

Peb tsis siab paub tag nrho cov kev khiav dej num ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob. Ob lub raum tseem tsis raws li yooj yooj yim li lawv zoo li. Txawm hais tias yooj yim muaj nuj nqi ntawm ob lub raum paub. Ib txhia ntawm lawv paub txawm neeg nyob deb ntawm cov tshuaj, nrog rau tus so ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv yog tswvcuab nkaus xwb - rau yav tom ntej cov kws kho mob, biologists thiab cov kws kho. Qauv thiab muaj nuj nqi ntawm ob lub raum kawm nyob rau hauv kev nthuav dav ntawm lub duas paub departments. Peb yuav tsom tsuas yog nyob rau lub zog.

Tsis feem ntau zoo-paub muaj nuj nqi ntawm ob lub raum yog kom muaj ib qhov qub acidity ntawm cov ntshav. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus lub luag hauj lwm lub cev rau xws li ib tug complex txheej txheem tsis tau tsuas yog ib tug raum. Tsis tas li ntawd ib feem ntawm neeg ua hauj lwm ntog rau ntawm lub teeb. Tsis ntev los no "Veda" nyob rau hauv lub me nyuam ntawm cov ntshav carbon dioxide. Tab sis lub raum reabsorb bicarbonate ntawm cov zis thiab paim hydrogen ions rau hauv cov zis, yog li kom txhob muaj cov acidity ntawm cov ntshav.

Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis yog txhua hnub peb hnov hais txog ib tug lub raum muaj nuj nqi, cov kev cai ntawm ntshav osmolality. Ntsiag to, nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti lawv ua ib tug loj txoj hauj lwm uas ua kom tus nqi ntawm cov electrolytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ib txwm. "Qhov tam sim ntawd tus thawj saib xyuas" nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub ob lub raum - lub hypothalamus. Nws yog peev xwm mus saib ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv electrolytes nyob rau hauv cov ntshav thiab muab ib lub teeb liab mus rau lub pituitary caj pas. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm ntiab tawm antidiuretic lawm, uas ua rau lub ob lub raum ua zis ntau concentrated, tsis nqa ib tug ntau ntawm cov dej nyob rau hauv cov zis. Yog li, lub electrolytes muaj tso tawm, thiab cov dej yog ntxiv. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, qhov ratio ntawm solute thiab dej - kuab dua yuav li qub. Antidiuretic lawm yog muaj peev xwm ua ib co feem ntawm lub nephron ntau permeable rau dej thiab nws rov qab mus rau cov ntshav tau lim.

Tsis tas li ntawd ib qho tseem ceeb yog cov muaj nuj nqi ntawm cov kev cai ntawm cov ntshav los ntawm ob lub raum siab. Yog, lawv ua no thiab hais tias. Long-term kev cai ntawm siab indicators - ua lag ua luam ob lub raum. Qhov no tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqi ntawm ob lub raum nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev twb nyuam qhuav tau muab npaum li cas los ntawm kev cardiologists raws li cov kab mob plawv - lub ntsiab "killer" tus hluas neeg. Rov qab mus rau ntxawg raum muaj nuj nqi. Nyob rau hauv kev xyaum nws yog pom tau hais los ntawm lub synthesis ntawm renin, uas muaj feem xyuam rau ntau npaum li cas molecules ntawm sodium tshuaj dawb muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntshav. Cov txheej txheem yuav cov tshuaj hormones xws li angiotensin thiab aldosterone, thiab lub tswvyim ntawm lawv cov kev txiav txim yog heev tham. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub kawg tswj hwm los ntawm qhov ntim ntawm cov ntshav ntshav, thiab qhov no muaj feem xyuam rau cov ntshav siab. Uas yog vim li cas lub "tub ntxhais" haus diuretics, txawm li cas los, tas nyob rau tib lub sij hawm teem tseg poov tshuaj-sparing tshuaj, vim hais tias diuretics feem ntau tsis paub qhov txawv ntawm cov electrolytes, thiab tsis muaj txaus poov tshuaj plawv yog phem.

Tsis tas li ntawd heev interesting feature yog lub synthesis ntawm cov hormone erythropoietin. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog xav nyob rau hauv no lawm, ncaws pob. Qhov tseeb yog hais tias vim qhov no lawm tsub kom tus nqi ntawm cov pa muaj - gemoglobinsoderzhaschih erythrocytes. Yog hais tias lub raum yog tsis txaus cov pa - lawv pib mus tsim kho lub zus tau tej cov ntshav liab. Yog li ntawd, txhua txhua lub sij hawm koj tsis muaj cua txaus nyob rau hauv kev cob qhia, koj ob lub raum pib coj los ua ke erythropoietin, thiab tom qab ib tug thaum muaj los cov nyhuv ntawm kev kawm - ua pes tsawg tus pa muaj.

Thiab ua kom tiav peb xyuas ntawm cov nuj nqi ntawm cov zis pov tseg, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqi ntawm ob lub raum. Peb yuav tsum tau protein rau lub neej, tab sis cov khoom ntawm nws cov metabolism - lub feem ntau haib tshuaj lom. Cov rho lawv cov hnyuv, tab sis ib tug ntau mus rau lub raum sib qhia. Nws yog lawv - lub purity neeg ua hauj lwm, tireless neeg ua hauj lwm, uas ua rau peb ib txwm nrog ib puag ncig rau kom tau hauj lwm. Nws yog qhov kev siv ntawm no muaj nuj nqi yog raug rau cov kev cai ntawm lub nephron pab kiag li lawm - haumxeeb chav tsev ntawm lub hauv nruab nrog cev ntawm kev coj dawb huv. Tus txheej txheem ntawm cov ntshav tawm ntawm "pom tej kev phem" ob-theem, thawj lim yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm cov ces rov qab rov qab mus rau hauv cov ntshav. Thiab nyob rau hauv txhua theem muaj tsis yooj yim ntxawg mechanisms.

Tsis tu ncua zis kuaj - yam tsawg kawg nkaus ntsuas uas peb muaj peev xwm coj los mus txiav txim hauv lub xeev ntawm ob lub raum. Tsis xav yuav las mees lub noj qab haus huv ntawm cov tub hluas no ua hauj lwm.