R-500 - high-precision missile thiab subsonic. Lavxias teb sab cruise missile medium-ntau

Nyob rau hauv 2011, peb tau txais ib tug tshiab lub xeev ntaj los sis phom kev pab cuam rau 2011-2020 (lub sij yawm ntawm nws siv nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog cov economic ntsoog yog yuav kav). Qhov kev pab cuam yog nqa tawm ib tug loj-scale re-khoom, Modernization ntawm uas twb muaj lawm riam phom. Tsis tas lub luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm lub foob pob ua ntxaij nyob rau hauv lub Armed Forces ntawm Lavxias teb sab retooling.

Equipping cuaj luaj Armed Forces

Nyob rau hauv lig 2014, tus Thawj ntawm lub General neeg ua hauj lwm Valery Gerasimov sau ua ke cov kev tshwm sim ntawm Modernization ntawm cov tub rog lub xyoo dhau los. Raws li ib feem ntawm missile cov khoom, nws sau hais tias Russia tau txais peb caug yim intercontinental ballistic cuaj luaj. Huab cua tiv thaiv regiments tau supplemented los ntawm niaj hnub huab cua tiv thaiv ntawm Kazakhstan. Ob pawg rearmed rau "Iskander-M".

Nws kuj hais rau cov mov ntawm navy khoom, namely ib tug submarine, "Novorossiysk" submarine nrog cruise cuaj luaj "Severodvinsk" me me missile ships "Uglich" thiab "Grad Sviyazhsk". Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus paub system uas ceeb toom ntawm missile nres.

Yuav ua li cas puas tau "Iskander"

Nyob rau hauv "Iskander" xub kawm nyob rau hauv "MAKS-99" Cua Qhia nyob rau hauv Zhukovsky, Moscow cheeb tsam. Sergei Ivanov, uas yog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm lub Lavxias teb sab kws muaj txuj ci Minister, hais tias lub missile system yuav raug muas, pib nyob rau hauv 2005.

Cov thawj ntawm "Iskander" missile system yog 9K714 "Oka", tsim nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov designer nrog ib tug muaj nuj nqis lub npe SP Invincible. Txoj hmoo ntawm "Oka", txawm li cas los, yog abysmal.

Nyob rau hauv 1987, cov thawj coj ntawm lub USSR thiab lub US Gorbachev thiab Reagan kos npe rau Treaty ntawm lub Ntaus ntawm luv luv- thiab medium-ntau cuaj luaj. Haiv neeg continental hom Nuclear Riam phom muaj lawm sis txiav, tab sis vim hais tias ntawm cov kev ua ntawm lub Soviet coj noj coj ua yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau lub teb chaws tiv thaiv muaj peev xwm ua riam phom systems tau tuaj nyob rau hauv txwv tsis pub. "Oka" twb teev thawj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thiab yuav raug kev puas tsuaj. Nyob rau hauv 1989, ob puas thiab ib puas thiab ob missile launchers lawv pov tseg.

"Iskanderovskaya" hysteria

Cov menyuam kawm ntawv Invincible tswj mus rau revive lub complex, uas hu ua "Iskander" (uas txhais tau tias nyob rau hauv qhov txhais los Tatar "khiav"). Tus tshiab complex, ntawm chav kawm, muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua tau zoo yam ntxwv txheeb ze rau nws cov thawj ntawm. Txawm li cas los, tag nrho cov thawj cov tswv yim ntawm lub "Oka", muaj txuas ntxiv mus thiab tsim nyob rau hauv lub "Iskander".

Nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm huab excitement tswvcuab Western nom tswv cov neeg tseem ceeb mention ntawm kev tso kawm nyob rau hauv Russia, nyob rau hauv Kaliningrad, lub thib tsib nyob rau hauv Kaum ib hlis 2008, "Iskander". Qhov no stimulation yog zoo li dab tsi lawv muaj kev nyob rau mention ntawm lub Syrian tshuaj los yog Iranian nuclear riam phom. Txij li thaum P-500 missile "Iskander" yog sober, NATO thiab lub tebchaws United States nyob rau hauv tej lub sijhawm, thaum lub protracted sib cav tswv yim nws yog lub sij hawm kom tag.

Tab sis los ntawm dab tsi xws li ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv? Yuav ua li cas yog qhov teeb meem? Tab sis qhov tseeb hais tias qhov nruab nrab-ntau missile complex "Iskander" cov suab imperceptible. Qhov no yog vim ob peb yam tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li:

• Ib tug cruise missile muaj peev xwm ntawm Maneuvering nrog zoo kawg congestion, uas niaj hnub no tsis muaj peev xwm mus cuag yog ib tug missile interceptor nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no.
• Txawm hais tias lub yav dhau los taw tes yuav tau ces mus nrhiav tau nws cov txuj radar txhais tau tias unrealistic.
• "Iskander" yog tau muab pov lub hom phaj hais rau dag ntxias cov yeeb ncuab, thiab kuj yuav tsim kom muaj xov tooj cua cuam thiab jamming tag nrho cov emitters yog taw qhia kom paub tsis pub dhau lub missile kws muaj txuj ci.

Li no, tej yam khoom nyob rau ntawm ib tug deb ntawm tsib puas kilometers yuav raug rhuav tshem txoj "Iskander" yuav luag ib puas feem pua.
Ua hauj lwm thiab tactical Kazakhstan yog ntawm peb hom: "Iskander-E", "Iskander-M" thiab "Iskander-K."

"Iskander-E"

Qhov no system yog tsim los rau export. Nws lub ntsiab yam ntxwv raws li nram no: ntau yam - ob puas yim caum kilometers ntawm ib tug luj feem tseem ceeb ntawm plaub puas yim caum kilograms; sib ntaus ceev - 2100 m / sec.
Muaj pes tsawg leeg missile system muaj xws li ib tug ib-theem foob pob ua ntxaij launcher self-propelled tsev, hais kom ua ncej thiab freight-loading lub tsheb, mobile unit rau cov kev npaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, mobile units uas muab kev thiab domestic npaj ARSENALNY thiab kev kawm khoom siv.

"Iskander-M"

Qhov no version of "Iskander" yog feem ntau yooj yim rau Lavxias teb sab domestic siv. "Iskander-E" - export version yog tsim rau nws cov hauv paus.

"Iskander-M" - tsis yog li ntawd hnov li muab piv nrog rau yav tas los maneuver, thiab muaj peev xwm zoo ob leeg nyob rau hauv lub pib thiab nyob rau theem kawg ntawm lub davhlau. Nws kev taw qhia system ua ke nrog kho qhov muag thiab laser homing, xov tooj cua kev kho thiab GPS.

P-500 foob pob ua ntxaij

Lawv yog siv nyob rau hauv lub missile complex "Iskander-M". Ib tug tsim cruise cuaj luaj P-500 txij thaum 1998.

Cov cuaj luaj luj plaub puas thiab yim caum kilograms, yog ntawm ib tug deb ntawm tsib puas kilometers nrog ib tug sib ntaus lub sij hawm ntawm nees nkaum plaub feeb, rau tus ceev ntawm ob puas thiab peb caug rau ob puas thiab rau caum kilometers ib ob. Txawm tias thaum chiv thawj rau cov cruise missile "Iskander-M", nws tom qab ua yoog mus rau yav tom ntej tsim "Iskander". Cov ntsuam xyuas thawj zaug nrog ib tug zoo complex coj qhov chaw nyob rau Kapustin Yar nyob rau hauv 2007. Muaj missile P-500 tau pom tag nrho cov ntawm lawv superior kev kawm.

missile tswj system no yuav ua tau raws li nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm ib tug GPS thiab ib cov computer. Cu yog tsis cais. Start system ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nrog cov satellite navigation systems. Sighting cov ntaub ntawv yog txiav nkag mus rau hauv cuaj luaj uas yog nyob rau hauv ib tug kab rov tav txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub STC. Nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv yog ceev thiab muaj peev xwm yuav kho ua ntej qhov pib.

"Lub ntiaj teb-lub ntiaj teb"

chav kawm ntawv "av-rau-hauv av" cuaj luaj - foob pob ua ntxaij, lawv siv mus ntaus lub hom phaj rau hauv av thiab kuj khiav nrog lub teb chaws. Qhov no lub npe, nrog rau cov kev siv ntawm lub sij hawm "nto-rau-cua" thiab thiaj on. D. Siv xwb nyob rau hauv Russia, thiab tau yav tas los tau siv nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union. Yog li, raws li lub Lavxias teb sab terminology, lub R-500 "Iskander" cuaj luaj yog cov "av-av". Nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws lawv hu ua tsuas tactical los yog ua hauj lwm zoo-tactical.

"Iskander-K"

Ntau tshaj version ntawm lub "Iskander-M" yog tsim nyob rau hauv 2012. Nws twb hu ua "Iskander-K." Nws nruab nrab ntau missile nruab raws li R-37, kev coj tus kheej cov chaw. Yog li, nws tseem tau mus sai sai thiab meej tua nyob rau tiaj trajectory. P-500 missile yuav ya rau ntawm ib qhov siab ntawm rau meters. Nws ua ke ntawm Gos thiab hloov warhead. Lub complex yuav muab ob cuaj luaj nyob rau ntau lub hom phaj nrog ib tug so ntawm ib feeb.

Lub ua ke ntawm "Iskander"

Raws li cov tub rog kws txawj, yog hais tias tus simultaneous siv ntawm "Iskander-M" thiab "Iskander-K", tau ib tug synergistic nyhuv, uas yog tsis tau dab ib tug ntawm cov anti-missile systems. Thaum mas maneuverable hypersonic ceev ntawm high-altitude rau lub "Iskander" ntawm tib hom thiab muaj tib lub yam ntxwv, tab sis ya rau ib tug rau-meter siab "Iskander" ntawm lwm yam yuav muab xa mus rau tib lub hom phiaj, nws yuav tsum tau ntaus nrog lub siab tshaj plaws yuav tshwm.

Placement "Iskander"

US tam sim ntawd teb rau tag nrho cov kev sib txuas lus raws, sai li sai tau raws li Russia tau muab tso rau "Iskander" system nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam, urging nws tsis mus destabilize qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv teb chaws Europe. Poland thiab Latvia kuj qhia lawv kev txhawj xeeb rau ntawm no qhov teeb meem, hais tias tej yam ua lawv hais tias, tsis txhob ua rau ib tug muaj siab rau los ze zog sis thiab kev koom tes nrog NATO thiab cov European Union. Nthuav thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm Azerbaijan tom qab Armenia, cov missiles muaj lawm tauj. Tag nrho cov txhoj puab heev rhetoric, uas coj qhov chaw li ntawd point nrog nws txhais tes, tam sim ntawd nres.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 2014, tom qab lub annexation ntawm Crimea rau Russia, tus thawj tswj hwm pom zoo qhov kev tso kawm ntawm chaw nyob rau hauv lub Crimea. Cruise cuaj luaj P-500 "Iskander" complex yuav tsis nyob twj ywm indifferent rau cov teb chaws Europe thiab lub tebchaws United States. Thiab lawv teb twb accustomed mus rau nrov nrov thiab outraged. Xwb, lub rov tshwm sim ntawm xws li ib tug formidable riam phom nyob rau hauv lub Dub hiav txwv tau radically hloov qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm lub hwj chim nrog NATO.

Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Russia tau txais criticisms hais tias xws li ib tug kev txiav txim siab yog ib tug cynical thiab cunning. Nws supposedly muab Russia lub sij hawm los mus tau ze zog mus rau NATO bases.

Teb rau "Iskander" NATO yog tsis muaj dab tsi. Li no tus tsausmuag cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm lub hnub poob mus rau lub redeployment ntawm Lavxias teb sab ceg nyob rau hauv nws lub teb chaws. Txawm li cas los, kaum xyoo dhau los nws twb hais tias "Iskander" missile system yuav deployed nyob rau hauv teb mus rau lub NATO huab cua tiv thaiv thiab missile kws muaj txuj ci nyob ze Lavxias teb sab ciam teb rau lwm. Thiab yog li ntawd nws tshwm sim. Feem ntau cov tsis kaj siab surprise rau NATO yog tau ob occupancy "Iskander": nyob rau hauv lub Kaliningrad cheeb tsam thiab lub Crimea.