"Pleiad" - ib tug constellation ntawm paj huam

Raws li cov semantic ntsiab lus ntawm cov lo lus "galaxy" implies ib tug tej yam lub zej lub zos ntawm cov neeg ntawm ib tug era thiab ib tug ua ub no. Lo lus originates nyob rau hauv Greek mythology. Pleiad - lub xya ntxhais Atlas thiab Pleione, uas Zeus tsa rau lub ntuj thiab muab mus rau hauv lub constellation. Rau hnub qub yog ci ntsa iab ci ntsa iab, thiab tsuas yog ib shyly hides - vim hais tias nws, tsis zoo li nws mloog lus muam xaiv tus hlub gods ntawm cov txiv neej. Raws li cov tib mythology, ancient mariners xilethi-aus beacon yog tau txais kev pab constellation Pleiades.

Tsis ceeb, qhov no qhov chaw yam khoom rau ntau centuries thiab millennia tau los ua ib tug nrov cim suab paj nruag nom tswv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kaj rog xav txog ntawm lub constellation ntawm lub sab qaum teb hemisphere pom nyob rau hauv lub belles-lettres. Txawm nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua III BC, lub Alexandrian tsev kawm ntawv ntawm paj huam tau yug los. Xya paj huam, hais txog nws - Homer Jr., Apollo, Nikander, Theocritus, Aramur, Likotron thiab Filiki - ncaav nyob rau hauv ib nyias muaj nyias ib lub vajvoog thiab hu lawv tus kheej "Pleiad". Qhov no sib tshua nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm ancient cov ntaub ntawv raws li ib qho piv txwv ntawm siab paj huam.

Millennia dhau los, keeb kwm tau rov nws tus kheej. Thaum lub sij hawm Renaissance, nyob rau hauv 1540, Fabkis tshaj tawm hais tias nws tus kheej lub tshiab paj huam "Pleiades." Nws yog ib lub sij hawm ntawm Fabkis Romanticism, thiab ntau - lub craze ntawm ancient cov paj huam. Ib pab pawg neeg ntawm cov tub ntxhais paj huam, coj los ntawm Pierre de Ronsard unveiled ib tug tiag tiag revolutionary kev pab cuam ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub teb chaws tej ntaub ntawv. Nws yog noteworthy tias lawv, dhau lawm, xya, lawv tis npe hu ua lawv lub zej zos tsis tsuas yog raws li ib tug "Pleiad". Nws yog ib qho kev sim rau revive thiab muab ib tug tshiab ua tsis taus pa ntawm haiv neeg cov ntaub ntawv, thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws yog ib yam ntawm cov disregard rau lub hnub nyoog-laus sawv ntawm Fabkis paj huam.

Yuav ua li cas qhov kev pab cuam ntawm paj huam "Pleiades" yog raws li? Nws twb tau teev nyob rau hauv lub treatise Joachim du Bellay, thiab yog ib yam ntawm cov manifesto tsis mus rau revive, tab sis, theej los tsim tshiab cov ntaub ntawv. Cov hluas tiam ntawm paj huam tiv thaiv rau ib yam dab tsi coj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv Fabkis ntawm lub ancient kev lig kev cai ntawm Alexandrine nqe. Xws li ib tug xav kom lawv piav hais tias nws yog Hellenic, Alexandrian paj huam yog nyob ze rau perfection - thiab lub suab, thiab poetics nyob rau hauv feem ntau. Nyob rau hauv frankly tsis muaj zog thiab muaj teeb meem treatise tau ua ib tug yuav luag tsis paub nod mus rau lub hom lus: yog, tus Fabkis lus yog zoo nkauj, nws muaj ntau yam zoo, tab sis nws tsis yog raws li tsim raws li lub Greek los yog Latin, thiab vim hais tias nws xav tau kev pab los tsim. Thiab yog dab tsi txoj kev ntawm txoj kev loj hlob paub xaiv "Pleiad"? Nws yog tsis muaj dab tsi zoo li lub imitation ntawm lub ancients.

Nyob rau hauv lub poetic zej zog, muaj tsib - Etenn Zhodel, Jean-Antoine de Baïf, Remi Bello, Zhan Dora, Pontus de Tyard. Lub legacy ntawm "Pleiades", uas twb nqes los rau niaj hnub lub sij hawm, tau los ua ib tug zoo paub piv txwv ntawm ib tug yeej muaj tseeb Fabkis Romantic lyricism thiab paj huam ntawm Pierre de Ronsard tshaj iab kev mladoellinistov Renaissance. Twb tau nyob rau hauv lub 70s, nyob rau hauv nws xyoo tom ntej nws sau tiag tiag masterpieces, nyob rau hauv particular, nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Fabkis "Sonnets rau Helen" - lub siab ntawm nws lub xeem cia siab txoj kev hlub. Thiab lawv muaj tsis muaj kab ntawm imitation, tsis muaj courtesy rau nws lub siab Alexandrine nqe lus no, tab sis muaj tsuas yog ib tug nyob, kev txom nyem ntsuj plig ntawm ib tug kws sau paj lug.

Nyob rau hauv tom qab sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau dua tsis nyuaj nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lo lus "Pleiad" paj huam. Qhov no yog, txawm li cas los, ib tug txhob txwm attributive los paj huam ib tam sim no los yog ib tug ntu. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv niaj hnub txawj thuam yog feem ntau siv lub sij hawm "paj huam Pushkin galaxy", "galaxy ntawm paj huam nyiaj" muaj hnub nyoog. " Tab sis qhov no yog yuav ua li cas Goethe sau, "lub tshiab caug xyoo - lwm cov noog."