Pent-ru tsev nrog nws ob txhais tes nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam. Apparatus pent-ru tsev

Pent-ru tsev - ib qho ntawm feem nrov hom ru tsev. Feem ntau cov feem ntau, cov designs yuav pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm outbuildings - plhis, garages, saunas, etc. Tej zaum qhov no tshwm sim vov tsev thiab thaj vaj tse. Raws nraim li nws yog mounted ntshiv-rau -ru tsev nrog nws ob txhais tes, kauj ruam yog kauj ruam saib tom qab nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Yuav ua li cas cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau

nws yuav tsim nyog rau qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug pent-ru tsev mus yuav cov nram qab no:

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau qhov nram qab no cov cuab yeej:

• Tus ntswj ntsia hlau thiab ib tug rauj.
• Vov tsev self-tapping screws thiab rau tes.
• Fais fab pom.

ru tsev tsim

Yuav ua li cas yog tsa xws li ib tug qauv, raws li ib tug ntshiv-rau-ru tsev, nrog nws tus kheej ob txhais tes? Kauj ruam yog kauj ruam saib nws hauv qab no. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, ua ntej pib ua hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum tau twv yuav raug hu ua cov project thiab kos ib daim duab. Rau ntawm no theem xaiv kaum sab xis ntawm slope thiab ua tag nrho cov tsim nyog suav.

Tus thawj tivthaiv nyob rau hauv ob peb yam tseem ceeb. Qhov no cua thiab daus loads, uas yuav ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Lub xam yog tau siv tshwj xeeb phaib. Drawings ntawm lub-ru tsev yog ib tug yuav tsum raug mus rau cov kev cai ntawm cov kev cai tsis.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qaij lub nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev khoom. Thaum lub caij, feem ntau nrov hom ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib tug steel ntawv, nyob rau hauv particular, nws variant xws li hlau. Peb yuav tau muab cov qauv ntawm cov installation ntawm no xyov khoom. Thaum uas siv cov yam tsawg kawg nkaus kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ntawm ib tug pent-ru tsev yuav tsum 14 degrees.

pent-ru tsev tsim yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account xws parameter: qhov yuav tsum tau npaum li cas ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas. Yuav kom kawm tau li cas kom paub, npaum li cas koj yuav tau mus yuav daim ntawv hlau, piav qhia txog nram qab no.

Pent-ru tsev truss system

Apparatus pent-ru tsev, nyob rau hauv particular nws lub ru tsev system, txawv constructive simplicity. Nyob rau hauv lub thav duab ntawm xws li ib tug ru tsev muaj cov nram no hais:

• Mauerlat. Yog li ntawd hu ua tuab ntoo, yog pw nrog cov phab ntsa thiab neeg ua hauj lwm them nyiaj yug rau lub rafters.
• Rafters. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab keeb ntawm lub-ru tsev. Txhawb nyob rau hauv lub crate.
• Kev them nyiaj yug ob txhais ceg. Ib tug pent-ru tsev ntug yuav tsum muaj ntau tshaj li lwm yam. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua tau qhov no, nws yog siv los yog ib tug tuab bar, los yog kev pab txhawb nqa txhua. Thaum lub ncua dav ntawm ntau tshaj 4.5 m yog teem intermediate khib.
• Jib. Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim uas spans lub dav ntawm ntau tshaj 6 meters, ntxiv ntxiv dag zog rau strut jib (ntawm 45 degrees). Yog hais tias qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov nyiaj them yug phab ntsa tshaj 9 m, ob jib mounted rau ob sab.

Muab xam rau ntawm lub ru tsev system

Nws yog nrog nws pib xam ib pent-ru tsev. Nws yuav siv lub trigonometric functions. Qhov ntev ntawm lub rafters, piv txwv li, yog raws li nram no: C = A / cos ib tug, qhov twg C - rafter ntev, A - lub dav ntawm lub tso cai, thiab - lub kaum sab xis ntawm inclination ntawm lub nruab nrab kem. Yuav kom qhov no daim duab yuav tsum muab ntxiv 50 m khuam ledges.

Muab xam los ntawm vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas

Tom ntej no, cia saib yuav ua li cas los mus txiav txim cov ntaub ntawv uas rau lub ru tsev. Xam qhov yuav tsum tau npaum li cas ntawm cov hlau snap. Ua li no, koj thawj zaug yuav tsum mus nrhiav cov cheeb tsam ntawm tus nqes hav los ntawm txawj qhov ntev ntawm lub rafter rau qhov ntev ntawm lub Cornice. Tom ntej no, lub tau tshwm sim ntxiv mus rau 4 cm khuam. Feem ntau qhov ntev pent-ru tsev uas ploj lawm ib daim ntawv. Yog hais tias lub nruab nrab kem yog ntev heev, koj yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account kuj lub dav ntawm lub tshooj. Rau txheem ru tsev nrog ib tug inclination ntawm txog 35 degrees, qhov no parameter yog feem ntau 15 cm. Lub dav ntawm ntsug overlaps ntawm los xij yog feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub chav 20 cm. Qhov no yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi. Yuav kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg, cov tshooj yuav ua wider.

installation mauerlat

Xav txog cov installation ntawm ib tug qauv xws li ntshiv-rau-ru tsev, nrog nws tus kheej ob txhais tes (kauj ruam yog kauj ruam). Los ua ke ntawm lub ru tsev system pib nrog installation mauerlat. Rau ib pent-ru tsev mounting yog tso cai tsuas yog ob tug tuav rau ob tog ntawm lub luv. Yog hais tias cov phab ntsa hauv lub tsev ntawm lub tsev pob zeb ua, nrog lawv cov erection rau sab saum toj ntawm lub thauj tog rau nkoj bolts yuav tsum sau nyob rau hauv increments ntawm 50 cm. Nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev tuaj nyob rau hauv yog hais tias tus phab ntsa los ntawm cov pa roj los yog ua npuas ncauj. Raws li cov kev cai, thaum lawv pw rau sab saum toj ntawm qhov kev siv kom teem ib tug monolithic qhob siv. Rau cib siv mauerlat yooj yim txoj kev uas yuav txhim kho tau qhov hlau-pas nrig, nws bay ncaj qha mus rau hauv lub masonry nyob rau hauv peb kab nyob rau saum toj.

Nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim uas tau siv lub thauj tog rau nkoj bar yog tsa thawj rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab pw rau lawv. Ntxiv mus, nws yuav tsum tau me ntsis rattle sledgehammer. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv nws underside nyob twj ywm ib co kua nplaum ntawm anchors. Nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw, thiab lub drilled qhov. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum rov muab tso rau lub bar rau ntawm phab ntsa thiab securely ntswj kom nruj ceev nrog loj txuas.

Installation ntawm racks nyob rau hauv lub rafters

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tsuas yog hais tias tus tseeb los ua ke truss system kom tau ib tug txhim khu kev qha thiab check-ru tsev. (Koj yuav saib tau hauv qab no kev yees duab ntawm zoo xws li cov tsim) ua rau nws ua tau kom lawv tus kheej txhais tes. Cov thawj txheej stands rau cov rafters. Ua ntej, muab cov ntsiab ntawm cov mauerlat uas phab ntsa tshaj uas yuav ua tau lub siab tshaj plaws taw tes ntawm lub nruab nrab kem. Ces mount lub khib rau cov intermediate phab ntsa. Pre lawv nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev raws li cov mauerlat, luag tus cav ntoo Lejeune. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub rafters yog feem ntau 80 cm. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thaum lub-ru tsev yog tsa saum toj no lub da dej los yog lub tsev lub tsev, thiab tom qab assumes nws rwb thaiv tsev, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog hais tias tus suab ntawm ob txhais ceg yog sib npaug zos rau cov dav ntawm lub rhaub.

Muab lub khib rau mauerlat thiab sleepers galvanized lub ces kaum. Ntxiv txhawb jib mounted thaum tsim nyog. Ua rau lawv ntawm beams thinner tshaj lub strut thiab txuas los ntawm cov rau tes los ze zog mus rau lub puab qhov chaw ntawm lub nthab neej yav tom ntej.

installation ntawm rafters

Dhau loj heev rafters mus rau ib tug qauv xws li ntshiv-rau-ru tsev sheeting, tsis muaj yuav tsum tau npaj. Cov khoom yog heev lub teeb, thiab nws tsis tshooj them nyiaj yug. Los ntawm mauerlat rafters kuj yuav mounted rau ntawm ces kaum. Tej zaum ib tug ntawm ntawm peb tes, ib tug ntawm uas yog tsav mas nyob rau saum toj, thiab lwm yam ob - lub sab nyob rau ntawm ib lub. khib mounted rau sab saum toj ntawm cov thawj mus dhia. Nyob rau hauv lub rafters hauv qab nws yog tsim nyog los txiav lub slot. Mounting yog ua nyob rau hauv cov rau tes.

Rafters pent-ru tsev pre-yuav tsum tau tau noo nrog ib tug antiseptic. Qhov no yuav zoo heev ntev lub neej ntawm lub-ru tsev. Leej twg, txawm lub feem ntau txhim khu kev qha vov tsev cov ntaub ntawv uas los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm muab to. Nws ntog rau hauv qhov thiaj li hu ua vov tsev ncuav qab zib dej ua lwj ntawm tus ntoo.

waterproofing

Apparatus pent-ru tsev raws li vov tsev thiab lwm yam qauv, tas entails installation ntawm waterproofing khoom. Ib daim hlab ntawm yas zaj duab xis yog mounted nyob rau hauv ib tug kab rov tav cov kev taw qhia. Vnatyag nws yuav kho tsis tau. Qhov tseeb yog tias tej ntoo qauv nws thiaj li shrinks ib tug me ntsis. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib tug muaj zog cua yuav ua tau me me siv kev kawm. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov zaj duab xis muaj peev xwm tsuas lov. Ntau dhau lawm slack tsis tas yuav kuj.

Muab cov zaj duab xis ncaj qha mus rau lub rafters rau tus tuav 50 * 50 hli. Tom ntej no, nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lawv mounted kab rov tav furring. Lub suab ntawm tus neeg hais nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yuav tsum muaj sib npaug zos rau cov dav ntawm cov hlau tsis. Crate ntsia rau galvanized tes.

Apparatus eaves gutter system thiab pluaj

Nyob rau hauv lub kauj ruam tom ntej ib cov nqeeb khoom mounted rau lub ru tsev. Yog hais tias lub project muab dej kua system, koj thawj zaug yuav tsum rau nruab av lawm. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub mounting ntsiab nyob ntawm lub hom kua Siv. Tom ntej no, koj yuav tau txhim kho rau ntawm ntug ntawm lub nruab nrab kem nyob rau sab battens (nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub gutter nkhaus) Cornice sawb. Muab nws nrog rau tes los yog screws nrog ib tug suab ntawm 30 cm. Cov tshooj ntawm lub qhov chaw ntawm slats yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 10 cm.

installation ntawm hlau

Tom ntej no npaj mus rau lub fastening ntawv. Drawings ru tsev nrog ib tug nqes hav tshwj xeeb complex tsis txawv. Npog xws Siv nrog hlau yuav ua tau ceev heev. Pib ua hauj lwm los ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub nruab nrab kem. Tus thawj daim ntawv yog mus raws li nyob rau hauv lub ledge li uas yog ib tug me me khuam, thiab txhim kho nws nyob rau hauv lub caj rau ib tug ntsia hlau. Ntxiv raising lub-ru tsev ntawm lub thib ob daim ntawv, nws kuj yog raws li raws qab thiab sib raug zoo rau tus thawj rau lub caj screws los ntawm ib tug yoj. Kho kom ntau los xij, trimmed lawv dua thiab xa mus rau lub crate. Ua kuj yog txhais tau tias ntawm screws rau ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm lub vuag los ntawm ib tug.

Npaj xws li ib tug qauv, raws li cov pent-ru tsev ntawm corrugated board, koj yuav tsum ua raws li tej kev cai. Qhov no yuav tiv thaiv tau kev puas tsuaj rau lub sab saum toj txheej ntawm lub polymer cov ntawv txheeb thiab txo lawv cov lifespan. Ua ntej, tej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau ua xwb nyob rau hlau txiab. Li no lub hom phiaj yuav siv tsis tau. Ob, koj yuav tsum mus kev nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev rau hauv phom khau. Khw los xij yuav tsum tsis siab dhau heev lawm sib tsub sib nias, dua li nyob hauv tsev.

installation ntawm rwb thaiv tsev

Yog li ntawd, peb yog nrog koj tag nrho cov lus figured tawm yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau ib tug pent-ru tsev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas, yog hais tias tus pent ru tsev yog ua dua ib chav tsev lub tsev thiab nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej peb yuav npaj mus npaj hauv qab no rau saum nthab, nws yog, ntawm chav kawm, yuav tsum tau insulate. Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv rau rwb thaiv tsev ntawm mineral wool. Polystyrene ua npuas ncauj - cov khoom yog tseem zoo heev. Txawm li cas los, nws raug tus nqi ib tug me ntsis kim kim. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav siv tsis tau nyob rau hauv cov tsev uas muaj ib tug nas. Qhov tseeb hais tias nas nco txog prodelyvat nyob rau hauv ua npuas ncauj ntaub ntawv xyaum thiab teem caij rau lawv nyob rau hauv ib lub qhov. Nas kuj nyob rau hauv suburban tsev - lub phenomenon yog heev commonplace.

Thaum rwb thaiv tsev yuav txaus nyiam heev nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev nrog nws ob txhais tes (yees duab qhia no). Yog li ntawd, hauv qab no peb xav txog raws nraim txoj kev no. Rafters, Yog hais tias qhov no yog tsis tau ua nyob rau hauv lub rooj sib txoos, yuav tsum daws cov noj thiab tsub kom lub refractory thaj chaw ntawm cov ntoo qauv.

Ntxiv therebetween zoo teev cov mineral wool slabs. Yog li ntawd hais tias lawv tsis poob tawm ntawm lub inclined nruab nrab kem, lawv twb tsau cov pa hlau, extending nws los ntawm lub rafters mus rau lub rafter.

Vapor barrier thiab lub finishing hauv ob sab phlu nthab

Tom qab installation ntawm rwb thaiv tsev pib mus rau Mount paroizolyatora. Nws siv - ib tug tsim nyog txoj kev. Lub fact tias nws yog nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev sau tus thawj xib fwb nqi ntawm chav thiab condensate thaj tsev. Yog hais tias ib tug vapor barrier yog tsis ntsia, lub dej pib khom ncaj qha rau ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Thiab qhov no, ntawm chav kawm, ruaj txo nws insulating zog.

Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau ib tug pent-ru tsev sov so? Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus xaiv tus muaj txoj cai paroizolyator. Obtyanut designs yuav ua tau, piv txwv li, polyethylene. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm rau cov uas tshwj xeeb ntaub ntawv no yog siv ntau feem ntau. Nyob rau hauv ib tes lawv muaj ib tug ntawv ci txheej. Thaum attics, them nrog xws li ib tug khoom, nws yog zoo dua khaws cia tshav kub. Paroizolyator yuav tsum txhim kho tus ntawv ci sab tawm ntawm chav tsev. Raws li ib tug waterproof zaj duab xis, muab nws rau tus tuav ntawm ib tug me me seem. Qhov no yuav ntxiv npaj cua kis los ntawm kev uas hereinafter yuav huab cua kom qhuav paroizolyator.

Thaum lub theem kawg ntawm tus tuav yog mounted zoo finish. Feem ntau cov feem ntau siv rau yuav tsum vov attics pheej yig plywood. Niaj hnub nimno ntau ntau yam ntawm nws zoo heev dlej. Nthab, coated nrog no cov ntaub ntawv uas, nws zoo txaus nyiam. Koj tsis txawm yuav tau siv ntxiv tsim - wallpaper, painting, thiab lwm yam Tej zaum nthab trim hauv ob sab phlu, blockhouse los yog plasterboard. Yog hais tias qhov kev kawm, lub rays thiab plaster. Txawm li cas los, yuav tsum paub hais tias qhov kev xaiv no yog tsis zoo tshaj plaws. Stucco yog heev hnyav zog truss system. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nyob rau lub slightest los nws yuav pib mus poob tawm daim.

Yog li ntawd, peb yuav xam tias yog li mounted ib leeg-suab-ru tsev nrog nws ob txhais tes, kauj ruam yog kauj ruam. Hopefully tam sim no koj muaj ntau dua los yog tsawg ntshiab yuav ua li cas teem rafter system, yuav ua rau cov casing thiab insulate lub nthab. Ua hauj lwm meej, adhering rau tag nrho cov kev cai ntawm technology, thiab koj muaj ib tug txhim khu kev qha zoo-zoo-ru tsev uas yuav kav ntau tshaj li ib xyoo caum.