Oligosaccharides - dab tsi yog qhov no? Tso cai thiab nta

Oligosaccharides - ib yam ntawm cov polymeric carbohydrates uas nws molecules muaj ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm monosaccharide raws li ib tug saw. Rau cov tib neeg lub cev thiab ua si ib qho tseem ceeb luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv shaping ib tug noj qab nyob zoo plab hnyuv muaj. Nutritionists hu no "prebiotic nyhuv", vim hais tias ua tsaug rau lub tshwj xeeb functions ntawm oligosaccharides nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv tsub kom cov kev ua ntawm bifidobacteria thiab lactic acid cov kab mob. Noj cov zaub mov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov carbohydrates, nkoos txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lwm hom kab lig thiab microorganisms.

Ntawm nws tus kheej ua cov tseem ceeb heev as-ham rau cov tib neeg lub cev, hmoov tsis, tsis tau. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav noj qab nyob zoo, zoo nkauj thiab zoo siab, koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li ib tug tag nrho cov khoom noj uas muaj tag nrho cov pab pawg neeg ntawm carbohydrates.

Zog thiab kev pab cuam ntawm oligosaccharides rau tib neeg lub cev

Lig kab mob nyob rau ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm cov nyuv thiab los tsim muaj ib tug noj qab nyob zoo microflora mus rau ib tug qub lub neej yog tsim nyog yuav nco ntsoov oligosaccharides tam sim no nyob rau hauv tib neeg noj cov zaub mov. Qhov no yog ib tug tsis tshua pab tau thiab tsim nyog rau tag nrho cov tib neeg lub neej ntsiab. Tej tshuaj uas cov fermented los ntawm kev plab hnyuv kab mob uas muab microbiocenosis noj qab nyob zoo digestive ib ntsuj av. Cov kev noj haus tebchaw yog hu ua prebiotics.

Txaus kom tsawg ntawm cov carbohydrates

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm oligosaccharides noj yog cuab kev: tshaj nyob rau hauv lub neeg txoj cai disaccharide ua rau ntau yam kab mob thiab pathologies tsis tau tsuas yog tus mob huam, tab sis kuj tseem kab mob. Carbohydrate kom tsawg yog tsim nyog rau ib txwm hauj lwm ntawm lub paj hlwb thiab cov leeg. Nrog txaus kom tsawg ntawm cov tebchaw nyob rau hauv lub cev yog ib qho cuam tshuam ntawm cov protein thiab muaj roj metabolism, thiab cov ntshav pib noog teeb meem oxidation khoom ntawm amino- thiab fatty acids.

Uas khoom muaj nyob oligosaccharides - prebiotics?

Nyob rau hauv cov xwm, cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv loj qhov ntau yog pom nyob rau hauv ntau cov nroj tsuag, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub uas peb haus nyob rau hauv lawv cov pluas noj - tshuaj ntsuab, zib ntab, apples, txiv tsawb, zaub qhwv, noob dos, qej thiab lwm yam ntawm cov qoob loo. Ntau ntau oligosaccharides pom nyob rau hauv cov mis nyuj thiab lactic acid cov khoom. Ib tug txaus tus nqi yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv txawv cereals, taum, kua taum thiab pob kws. Heev feem ntau lawv yog incorporated rau hauv tshwj xeeb kev noj haus noj tshuaj pab.

Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm carbohydrates nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev lub tseem ceeb heev functions

Carbohydrates yog qhov tseem ceeb rau tib neeg lub cev thiab yuav tsum yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv nws txhua txhua hnub ntawv qhia zaub mov. Cov tebchaw nqa ob peb lub zog uas muab ib lub neej zoo ntawm cov neeg. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj xws li:

• Zog muaj nuj nqi. Vim lub oxidation ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub zog tso carbohydrate tebchaw satisfying cov kev xav tau ntawm tus kab mob. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm carbohydrates nyob rau hauv kev noj haus yog cuab kev, vim hais tias ntawm peb lub cev hlwb tas li ua hauj lwm.
• Gidroosmoticheskaya muaj nuj nqi. Nws yog los ntawm kev siv ntawm carbohydrates nyob rau hauv lub intercellular kua tus kab mob muaj cov yuav tsum tau npaum li cas ntawm magnesium ions, calcium. Nws yog ib cov tshuaj khi dej lwg me me.
• Qauv muaj nuj nqi. Ib txhia carbohydrates yog ib feem ntawm ntau connective ntaub so ntswg ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv ib tug complex nrog cov nqaijrog pab mus rau tsim ntawm enzymes, steroid cov tshuaj hormones, thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb hais, yog ib feem ntawm lub intracellular week, ntshav ntshav thiab muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv dab krovetvoritelnyh.
• Cov kev tiv thaiv nuj nqi. Carbohydrates muab elasticity ntawm cov hlab phab ntsa, ib feem ntawm cov txheej membrane thiab cov synovial cov kua.

Cuaj kaum, tus siv ntawm carbohydrates yog tsis tas mus rau lub neej kev pab txhawb nqa ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Paub ib co ntawm cov thaj chaw ntawm oligosaccharides, niaj hnub no lawv koom siv nyob rau hauv ntau muaj dab. Cia nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov ntau yam khoom noj khoom. Tom qab oligosaccharides - ib tug tshwj xeeb tej yam ntuj tso preservatives.

kev faib ntawm carbohydrates

Qhov no qeb ntawm tebchaw yuav tau muab faib mus rau hauv peb pab neeg:

• yooj yim suab thaj (tseem hu ua monosaccharides);
• oligosaccharides (los yog polymeric tebchaw nrog ib tug glycosidic linkage)
• polysaccharides - ib tug biopolymer tebchaw uas muaj molecular ceeb thawj.

Yuav ua li cas carbohydrates sib txawv

Monosaccharides yog yooj yim carbohydrates, lawv tsis undergo hydrolysis nyob rau hauv tus tib neeg lub hnyuv thiab sai heev absorbed. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm no pab pawg neeg pom tau hais tias hexose thiab pentose.

Polysaccharides thiab oligosaccharides - ntau lub tebchaw. Polysaccharides - macromolecular biopolymer compound, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog muab faib mus rau hauv digestible (starch thiab glycogen tebchaw) thiab uas tsis yog-digestible (kev noj haus fibers).

Oligosaccharides muaj ib tug ob peb seem ntawm tej yam yooj yim carbohydrates. Txij li thaum lawv muaj los ntawm 2 mus rau 10 monosaccharides residues, lawv muab faib ua disaccharides, trisaccharides thiab thiaj li nyob. D. Qhov siab tshaj plaws tseem ceeb rau cov neeg kab yog disaccharides.

Yog li, lub sucrose muaj nyob rau hauv pas nrig los yog beet qab zib, yog nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag raws li ib tug daws, lawv noog nyob rau hauv stems thiab keeb kwm. Lactose - carbohydrate, muaj ib tug tsiaj twg tuaj, muaj nyob rau hauv lawv cov mis nyuj. Trehalose yog muaj nyob rau hauv ib co algae thiab fungi. Maltose nyob rau hauv free daim ntawv tsis tshwm sim, nws yog muaj li ib nrab cov khoom ntawm hydrolysis ntawm cov hmoov txhuv nplej thaum lub sij hawm germination ntawm rye thiab barley nplej.

tshuaj zog

Major piv txwv ntawm oligosaccharides, feem ntau thiab feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov, uas muaj ob monosaccharide - yog sucrose, maltose, trehalose thiab lactose. Tej tshuaj dab uas oligosaccharides vim lub peev xwm los hydrolyze, splitting mus rau hauv cov neeg monosaccharides seem ntawm uas lawv muaj. Piv txwv li, hydrolysis ntawm maltose yog tsim ob piam thaj thiab lactose yog tsim los ntawm galactose thiab piam thaj. Sucrose, nyob rau hauv lem, lov rau hauv lub qab zib thiab fructose.

oligosaccharide muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauj dab

Nyob rau hauv oligosaccharides, raws li lwm yam macronutrients, lub ntsiab haumxeeb feature yog xav tau hydrophilic. Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm OH pawg neeg uas nrog dej lwg me me. Cov no vim dej losis tswvyim dabtsi carbohydrate qauv. Piv txwv li, txawm tib tooj ntawm hydroxyl pawg, lub hygroscopicity ntawm fructose ho siab tshaj piam thaj. Ib tug ntau npaum li cas hygroscopic lactose sucrose los yog maltose. Siv ntau yam nta ntawm dej-losis tswvyim dabtsi carbohydrate ntawm tej hom phiaj koom nrog ntau yam dab.

Thaum khov raw cov ntaub ntawv uas, semi-tiav lawm thiab tiav lawm cov khoom, nyob rau hauv seb qhov twg permissible los yog impermissible tshaj dej tej zaum yuav tsim nyog rau siv sucrose, lactose los yog maltose.

Tsis tas li ntawd, oligosaccharides - tebchaw uas khi volatile uas muaj ntxhiab tshuaj thiab muaj feem xyuam rau qhov kawg xim ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv qhuav muaj dab. Yog li ntawd, lawv yog feem ntau qhia tshwj xeeb uas nkag tau rau hauv cov khoom mus cuag ib tug zoo tshwm sim.

Niaj hnub no qhov no pab pawg neeg ntawm carbohydrates yog dav siv rau cov ntau yam tshuaj, noj tshuaj pab thiab nyob rau hauv tshuaj pleev ib ce.