Nikolai lus: biography

Tus thawj feem peb ntawm cov XIX xyoo pua twb cim los ntawm ib tug charming "golden" lub sij hawm rau lub Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, uas tau muab kev paj huam thiaj li hu Pushkin lub sij hawm. Tam sim no lawv yog cov nyob mus ib txhis tug ncej ntawm kev txawj ntse, kev txawj ntse ntawm txoj kev hlub, siab zoo thiab zoo nkauj, raws li nyob rau hauv uas loj hlob ntau tshaj ib tiam neeg. Ib tug ntawm cov paj huam NM Lus - ib tug A. S. Pushkina thiab N. V. Gogolya.

Nikolay Yazykov: biography

Cov kws sau paj lug yug nyob rau lub peb hlis ntuj 4, 1803 nyob rau hauv ib tug me me lub zos nyob rau Volga Simbirsk. Nws nplua nuj ancient noble tsev neeg muaj cag tob tob. Raws li ib tug me nyuam, Nicholas twb coj nyob rau hauv qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm secular lig kev cai. Nws tau txais kev kawm zoo nyob rau hauv tsev, yog li heev thaum ntxov pib sau paj huam, txawm adored no txoj hauj lwm.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 12, nyob rau hauv 1814, nws raug xa mus rau lub koom haum ntawm Mining Engineers nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, muaj tau qhia kom nws cov ob tijlaug. Tab sis qhov no teb tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov lus ntsuj plig, nws puav txawb nws kev tshawb fawb. Txawm li cas los, cov ntaub ntawv tus kws qhia ntawv Markov, uas hlub nws zoo li ib tug tub, ib tug tub hluas mus kawm ntawv rau siab ntso ua kev tshawb fawb tej hauj lwm thiab Derzhavin University. Nyob rau hauv 1820, tom qab kawm tiav, cov lus txiav txim siab los ntxiv nws kev tshawb fawb nyob rau hauv lub Engineering tsev, tab sis muaj nws tsis ntev nres mus kawm ntawv, thiab nws tau raug tshem.

Dorpat lam ua

Nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg Lus Nikolai Mikhailovich ua ntsib nrog tus naas ej txawj sau ntawv vajvoog thiab nyob rau hauv 1819 los ua tus thawj sau. Nws qhuas thiab kawm nrog zoo xib fwb xws li Karamzin, Zhukovsky, txiv, Byron, Pushkin thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas. Nws thawj poetic khoom plig pom AF Voeikov uas luam tawm nws cov kwv huam nyob rau hauv "Sorevnovatele". Nws qhia Nikolai Mikhailovich nkag mus rau philosophical Dorpat University, nyob qhov twg lub kws sau paj lug tau pib kawm Western European, Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv, thiab cia poob mus rau hauv lawv haiv neeg caij.

University cov tub ntxhais kawm tau nto moo rau lawv kev lom zem adventures, binge-haus, haus songs, Duels nrog rapiers. Kwm hais tau sai pom thiab favored los ntawm Zhukovsky thiab Pushkin Delwig, uas caw nws nyob rau hauv 1824 rau nws Mikhaylovskoye thiab nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub rau cov AN nws sau ntawv mus rau Wolfe: "Yes Yazikova kws sau paj lug Nqa kuv nrog koj!". Tab sis lawv lub rooj sib tham coj qhov chaw tau ob xyoos xwb tom qab.

lub neej yog zoo nkauj

Nyob rau hauv ib tug heev maj sij hawm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug lub npe los ua lub npe hu, nws sonorous verses kis rau suab paj nruag thiab hu nyob rau hauv tus menyuam kawm ntawv hu nkauj ua ke. Lus Nicholas yog txaus siab Dorpat voluptuous lub neej, tab sis nws yeej tsis poob nws lub teb chaws meej mom. Thiab txawm lub dawb thiab lush ib puag ncig, nws txoj kev xav rau nws teb koj chaw loj hlob muaj zog thiab hu paj huam.

Yog li ntawd, txawm lub koom haum, ib lub voj voog ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov tub ntxhais kawm. Nyob rau hauv Dorpat nws siv nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws 8 xyoo, tab sis vim qhov carefree binges university nws kawm tiav yam tsis tau daim ntawv kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1829. Yazikova cawm dim los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nws twb zoo heev nyeem ntawv, thiab los ntawm lub sij hawm nws tsim ib tug loj tsev qiv ntawv.

Txij li thaum nws tau ntsib Pushkin Trigorskoye ntawm Wolfe nyob rau hauv 1826. Qhov no lub rooj sib tham pab cov paj huam Yazikova, thiab Pushkin nws tus kheej yog zoo siab nrog lub tswv yim ntawm cov kws sau paj lug. Xeem kuv piav tag nrho nws impressions nyob rau hauv nws zoo kawg li paj huam "Trigorskoye".

Moscow thiab cov chaw ua hauj lwm

Tom qab kawm tiav nyob rau hauv 1829 nws tau tsiv mus rau Moscow thiab nyob rau hauv lub tsev Elagin-Kireevskys rau cov liab rooj vag. Tuaj mus rau nws feem ntau tuaj xyuas Pushkin, Odoyevski, Baratynsky thiab lwm tus neeg. Cov kws sau paj lug mus sai sai nyob rau hauv Slavophile vajvoog "Moscow Gazette." Thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws sau ib tug ntau ntawm nws tus kheej, nws yuav tau hais qhov zoo tshaj plaws cov pah huam.

Cuaj hlis 12, 1831 Lus Nicholas teem tseg raws li ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm av Survey, uas nws ntshai raws li ib tug hindrance mus rau lawv creativity. By lub sij hawm, lub kws sau paj lug xav mus so num lawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub zos thiab sau ntxiv. Tab sis nyob rau hauv Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1833 nws twb mob neurosyphilis - ib tug kab mob ntawm cov leeg nrob qaum. Nws resigned, sab laug Moscow thiab tsiv mus rau nws qub txeeg qub tes nyob rau hauv Simbirsk, qhov uas nws sau Lavxias teb sab nkauj thiab enjoyed poetic laziness. Tab sis tus kab mob no tau maj mam progressing no, thiab nyob rau hauv 1837 Lus mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees, qhov twg nws twb tsis tau zoo.

Thaum Hanau nws tau ntsib nrog Gogol, thiab nyob rau hauv 1842, ua ke lawv mus xyuas Rome thiab Venice. Thaum yog li ntawd nws yog yooj yim, nws dua eagerly coj li tus cwj mem. Thaum lub sij hawm no lus sau paj huam "Nyob rau Rhine". Nyob rau hauv lub lig lub caij ntuj sov ntawm 1843 nws tus mob yog tsis cia siab, thiab nws rov qab mus rau nws teb koj chaw. Nyob rau hauv Moscow, rau nws noj qab haus huv nws saib nws tus qub phooj ywg xibfwb Inozemtsev. Tab sis cov lus yog maj mam tuag, nws tsuas kev lom zem tau los ua ib tug txhua lub limtiam lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov phooj ywg sau ntawv.

Inspired los ntawm cov views ntawm nws cov phooj ywg slavophiles kws sau paj lug ntaus Westerners rau nws nto moo tsim cov lus "mus rau lub tsis-peb li", uas cov Westernized neeg ntawm cov pab pawg neeg nws hu ua tus yeeb ncuab ntawm lub fatherland. Tom qab ntawd nws sau tau ib daim of Languages "Av qeeg" uas Zhukovsky xam tau tias yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab paj huam. Txawm tias nws mob loj, lub kws sau paj lug txuas ntxiv mus sau paj huam thiab, raws li Gogol, nws mus txog lub siab tshaj plaws lub xeev ntawm lyricism.

Tuag rau lub brink

Nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1846 nyob rau kaw Yazikova nyob tom qab ib tug txias kub taub hau, thiab nws pib los npaj rau txoj kev tuag. Poet caw ib tug pov thawj ua tus kawg luag hauj lwm ntawm lub Christian, ua ib tug pam tuag kev txiav txim, npaj ib daim ntawv teev tus neeg nws xav mus saib lub ntees tuag thiab kom cov pam tuag noj mov rau noj hmo.

Hlis ntuj nqeg 26, 1846 nyob rau hauv rau teev nyob rau hauv rau yav tsaus ntuj lus Nicholas ntsiag to tuag. Nws lub ntees tuag nyob rau hauv Tverskaya Street nyob rau hauv lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm cov Annunciation, thiab raug faus nyob rau hauv lub Danilov Monastery. Niaj hnub no nws lub ntxa, zoo li Gogol lub ntxa tsiv mus rau lub Novodevichy toj ntxas.