Musketeers ntawm King thiab Cardinal zov

Vim lub tsausmuag u ntawm Alexander Dumas lub ntiaj teb no paub thiab novels, thiab heev heev movies hais tias thaum lub sij hawm ntawm Louis XIII muaj koob muaj npe musketeers thiab tiv thaiv ntawm Cardinal Richelieu. Thiab leej twg yuav tam sim no nco ntsoov hais tias nrog nostalgia XVII xyoo pua, raws li zoo li mus yuav qhov kev txiav txim cov nuj nqis ntawm cov huab tais thiab cov cardinal, thiab lawv pab tswvyim, yog hais tias tsis Dumas? Tab sis lawv, nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag, peb paub los feem ntau historians. Peb yog cov ntsiab lus nrog xwb cov duab. Nws tiv thaiv cov Cardinal. Diam duab qhia tau hais tias cov niaj hnub cov khoom ua si.

Cardinal Richelieu

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog ib tug associate ntawm tus huab tais. Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm tus tshiab, nws ua mighty daim card kav ntawm Fabkis. Ib tug Cardinal tus tiv thaiv - thiab txawm siab tawv, tiam sis feem ntau vile cov neeg uas tsis txhob tso tseg mus cuag lub hom phiaj los ntawm kev txhais tau tias. Zog tshaj tag nrho cov sparkles nyob rau hauv lub tshiab kiag li yees los ntawm cov neeg phem, suav de Rochefort, leej twg xav mus so tawm valiant D'Artagnan thiab nws cov phooj ywg. Rochefort - txoj cai caj npab ntawm Cardinal Richelieu. Yuav ua li cas yog Armand Zhan Dyu Plessis, Duc de Richelieu, tiag tiag?

Qhov no politician yog ib tug ntawm cov yau tub nyob rau hauv nws tsev neeg thiab cov qub txeeg qub teg kev cai ntawm primogeniture yuav tsis tau. Thiab yuav ua li cas muaj ib tug ntse txiv neej uas xav mus nce lub social ntaiv? Qhov yooj yim txoj kev uas yuav ua ib tug haujsam. Yog li ntawd nws tau ua. Thiab vim hais tias ntawm nws txoj kev ntse Richelieu sai sai txav mus li. Thiab thaum nws tau los ua ib tug npis sov, ces nws kos cov xim ntawm tus huab tais, ib tug hluas nees nkaum-ob xyoos txij thaum Npis Sov muaj diplomatic kev txawj ntse thiab skillfully thawb ntawm warring tog tsev hais plaub thiab eloquently defended kev txaus siab ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj. Nws tau ua ib tug confessor ntawm cov tub ntxhais huab tais, thiab ces Secretary ntawm lub Txawv Teb Chaws Affairs thiab kws muaj txuj ci txoj cai. Tsis defenders nyob rau hauv cov xyoo, Richelieu tsis muaj. Tom qab lub disgrace thiab cov kev mus tus poj huab tais niam nyob rau hauv Blois hluas npis sov tsim ib tug kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov huab tais thiab poj huab tais dowager. Nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim ntawm Louis XIII nce nws mus rau tus ncej ntawm Cardinal. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv 37 xyoo nws los ua ib tug Cardinal Richelieu thiab tau teev nws tus kheej 4 hom phiaj: kiag li ua txhaum lub Huguenots, ua kom puas tawm tsam tus aristocracy, kom cov neeg nyob hauv thiab los tsa txoj cai ntawm tus huab tais ntawm Fabkis thiab nyob rau lub thoob ntiaj teb scene. Nrog rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus ntawm cov Cardinal tau nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov yeeb ncuab uas sim rau nws lub neej. Tus huab tais, txhawj xeeb txog qhov no, nws kom nws tiv thaiv miv.

Khwb Cardinal Richelieu

Nyob rau hauv 1629, tom qab nws tus kwv tij raug tua nyob rau hauv ib tug duel Cardinal, Louis XIII ntawm nws zov xa nws ncaj ncees pab tsib caug archers rau nees nrog arquebus. Cov Richelieu ntxiv lwm peb caug. Yog li nws nyob rau hauv lub thawj zov ntawm lub cardinal. Lawv zoo yog liab cloak (dawb lias cardinal), uas twb sewn mus rau hauv plaub qhov chaw. Nws yuav zauv teb los yog hnav qhib. Ntawm no yog ib tug niaj hnub reconstruction ntawm lub costumes ua nyob rau hauv Fabkis.

Nyob rau lub hauv siab thiab nyob rau hauv rov qab tau sewn ib tug dawb ntoo khaub lig, uas muaj equilateral tuav. Lub taub hau twb them nrog ib tug dav-brimmed kaus mom nrog ib tug dawb plume ntawm feathers. Nyob rau nws ob txhais taw twb khau looj plab hlaub. Nws ntsia zoo li tus tiv thaiv ntawm Cardinal Richelieu, uas tau nrog nws qhov txhia chaw. Lawv nyob tag nrho nws lub sij hawm. Tag nrho cov palaces ntawm lub Cardinal yog chav tsev rau lawv cov thawj coj - tus tauj ncov loj.

tsev loj hlob

Tom qab tsib xyoo, tus nab npawb ntawm kev tiv thaiv quadrupled. Ib puas thiab nees nkaum neeg teeb cavalry, ib puas neeg - hnyav, thiab lwm puas tau taug kev. Los ntawm 1642, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd scored ib puas tiv thaiv. Lawv zuag qhia tag nrho yog 420 cov neeg, uas yog yuav luag peb lub sij hawm siab tshaj lub tuam txhab ntawm tus huab tais, uas muaj ib puas thiab tsib caug musketeers. Yog xav tau rau cov neeg sab nrauv, qhov twg tus tiv thaiv ntawm Cardinal, nws tsis yog ib qho yooj yim. Qhov no yuav tsum tau ib tug pom zoo ntawm ib tug txiv neej uas paub qhov Richelieu thiab yog adamant siab mus rau tus neeg thov. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum tau ib tug paub tab, tej tus neeg tsis tsawg tshaj nees nkaum-tsib xyoo, uas tau txais kev pab nyob rau hauv cov tub rog tsawg kawg yog 3 lub xyoo. Feem ntau cov tub cheev xwm Iwj inhabitants ntawm Brittany. Qhov no cheeb tsam muaj ib motto: "Zoo txoj kev tuag dua li txaj muag." Cardinal zov tau Ameslikas tsa raws li tus txiv neej ntawm yawm thiab siab tawv. Lawv npaj tsis tau tsuas yog rau koj tus kheej tiv thaiv ntawm Nws Hlub, tab sis kuj raws li ib tug yav tom ntej naval tub ceev xwm, raws li cov muaj hwj chim qhia nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov sim ua rau qhov zoo ntawm Fabkis.

Payment zov

Duke tsis tu ncua them lawv siab tshaj plaws nyiaj hli tiv thaiv, uas dhau tshaj ntawm lub kev them nyiaj ntawm cov Musketeers ntawm tus huab tais. Nws kuj ua rau nws tus kheej nyiaj them khoom nrog lawv zov. Qhov no, ua ke nrog tus nees yog loj sums.

Cwj pwm rau duels

Txij li thaum lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm cov XVI xyoo pua Fabkis kav cov vaj ntxwv thiab ces mus rau qhov teeb meem kab ke rau ban duels. Lawv tau ib tug lub xeev kev ua txhaum, raws li cov gallant nobles yuav tsum tau sib cav sib ceg nrog lub Huguenots rau cov kev pab ntawm lub teb chaws thiab tsis txhob ua puas txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv lub slightest provocation.

Yog li ntawd, cov abundance ntawm fights, uas muab kev koom tes rau hauv lub musketeers ntawm King thiab Cardinal zov thiab Dumas yog piav nyob rau hauv nws nto moo trilogy - yog tsis yooj yim sua. Nws yog ib lub txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm nws tiag tiag li lub tswv yim. Cardinal zov, ua tsis tau poob lawv cov lucrative qhov chaw thiab ua tau zoo rau luag hauj lwm ntawm yeej muaj tseeb Catholics, luag yeej zam meaningless fights. Bretantsy uas recruited tiv thaiv, cov txiv neej ntawm lub sab qaum teb thiab txias, txiav txim rau nws.

Yeeb ncuab "Liab Duke"

Ci ntsa iab aristocracy ntawm lub tsev hais plaub thiab ces npaj tiv thaiv cov yeem thiab txhav Richelieu, uas rau siab thiab li qhia siv kuj suppressed nws kev ywj siab, tsim muaj ib qho tsis monarchy. Cov lus nug ntawm uas twb sib ntaus sib tua nrog cov tub zov ntawm Cardinal, qhia cov lus teb - tus rebels Duke ntawm Montmorency, uas tom qab sim thiab tua pov tseg.

Lub sib ntaus tawm tsam tus Protestants

Cov tubtxib ncaj ncees tau zus ib ntawm Catholicism, thaum lwm tus neeg nws yuav tsis tau, Cardinal Richelieu waged ib raws txoj cai tswj combating Huguenots thiab Protestants nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws ntawm teb chaws Askiv, uas coj muaj lub teb chaws fortress ntawm La Rochelle. Lub British nyob rau hauv 1627 rog tau lub Fabkis ntug dej hiav txwv los ntawm lub hiav txwv. Nyob rau hauv 1628 pib lub siege ntawm lub fortress. Nws twb tau mus kawm tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm kev tub rog tab sis kuj units ntawm musketeers thiab tiv thaiv. Protestant troops - ib tug tsa tes yeeb ncuab ntawm lub cardinal tus tiv thaiv. Cov tsov ua rog rau txoj kev ntseeg tseeb mus rau lub dawb huv niam lub Koom Txoos Catholic tau yeej ib txwm tau ib tug lub hom phiaj. Thiab nyob rau hauv La Rochelle tau implicated thiab lus Askiv neeg pab leg ntaubntawv mus rau lub Fabkis av. Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tej nuj nqis cov huab tais los yog nws muaj hwj chim qhia yuav tsis qhia rau lub nceeg vaj tsis muaj zog txaus, muab lub teb chaws tsa tes cov yeeb ncuab txij li thaum lub sij hawm ntawm lub Puas Xyoo ua tsov ua rog, lub Protestants thiab cov kawm lus Askiv heretics.

Ib co lus qhia txog tus huab tais lub Musketeers

Tus thawj tus kheej kev ruaj ntseg, uas, incidentally, tsis pab nws, thiab nws twb tua nrog ib rab riam nyob rau hauv nws carriage peb lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv lub hauv siab, pib lub Henry IV. Nws lub tuam txhab nws thiaj li carabinieri twb rearmed thiab muaj muskets. Nws yog ib qho txawv txawv riam phom, nyuaj heev, thiab siv nws, mas nws yeej yuav tsum tau ib tug Squire. Los ntawm lub npe ntawm lawv cov riam phom thiab lub npe hu ua Musketeers.

Tus thawj tiag tiag commander yog Gascon, countryman Henry IV, suav de Truavil, uas tom qab hu nws tus kheej Treville. Lawm, nws xeem tau cov kev pab cuam ntawm tus huab tais ntawm nws countrymen los ntawm Gascony thiab Bearn.

Tus duab ntawm tus Musketeers muaj ib cov xim lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab hauv lub muaj koob muaj npe lub tsev. Cloak twb Azure nrog kub lilies, thiab crosses ntawm dawb velvet.

Tus nees yuav tsum tau tas grey. Dhau li nws thiab musket tau tas yuav tsum hnav lub txawb bullets, hmoov flasks, mos txwv hnab, zoo rab ntaj, pistols thiab ib tug dagger. Tag nrho tab sis ib tug musket, musketeer yuav tsum tau muab rau nws tus kheej. Thiab muaj feem ntau cov hluas tub noble tsev neeg. Lawv aristocrats, tab sis yog, tab sis txom nyem heev. Dhos cov khoom, raws li peb paub los ntawm tus tshiab "Peb Musketeers", nws yog qhov nyuaj heev. Cov nyiaj tau them meager thiab irregularly.

Lawv txoj hauj lwm yog coj tus huab tais nyob rau hauv taug kev thiab nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus los campaigns. Service lawv nqa tsis nyob rau hauv lub chav tsev ntawm lub lub Louvre, thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev.

Thaum D'Artagnan yog tus commander, tus xov tooj ntawm musketeers nce yuav luag los ntawm ib nrab. Suav d'Artagnan - ib tug historic cwm pwm.

Nyob rau hauv Paris, ib tug monument rau nws. Musketeers thaum nws nyob rau hauv lub barracks nyob rau hauv lub Faubourg Saint-Germain.

Qhov no pab pawg neeg muaj, hloov, los ntawm 1660 mus 1818.

Yog li ntawd, raws li cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yuav tsum tau muab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov huab tais thiab nws hlub cov Duke ntawm Richelieu.