Muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab luaj li cas ntawm cov pejxeem ntawm Moldova. Cov pejxeem ntawm Moldova los ntawm xyoo

Moldova - ib tug me me lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv southeastern teb chaws Europe. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm feem nrov European lub teb chaws nrog ib tug nplua nuj kab lig kev cai. Yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam mus li lawm inhabitants ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova niaj hnub no? Thiab yog dab tsi feem pua ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub zos? Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no yuav muaj nyob rau hauv peb tsab xov xwm.

Cov pejxeem ntawm Moldova thiab nws cov pejxeem

Raws li qhov tseeb demographic cov ntaub ntawv, nyob rau hauv lub koom pheej ntawm Moldova nyob txog 3.5 lab cov neeg. Raws li yog lub npe hu, tsis pub dhau lub teb chaws muaj yog ib tug siv yooj yim qhov chaw - tus kheej-proclaimed Dnestr Moldavian koom pheej, yog li cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova yog tsis muaj xws li TMR pejxeem.

Rau tag nrho post-Soviet lub teb chaws yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm tib demographic teeb meem: shrinking pejxeem, siab lub neej no, cov laus ntawm cov teb chaws. Yog tsis muaj kev zam thiab lub Moldovan chaw uas zoo heev, nws cov pejxeem yog koos txij thaum lub caij 80-ies ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo.

Tej zaum lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau lub demographic ntsoog nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog ib yam socio-economic teeb meem no. Tiv thaiv lub keeb kwm ntawm ib tug tsis zoo tej yam ntuj tso kev loj hlob ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova kuj nquag txo los ntawm lub zog mus txawv teb chaws ntws txawv teb chaws. Moldovans nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb ntawm ib tug zoo dua lub neej no yuav muab xa mus rau qhov ntau vam meej lub teb chaws ntawm cov teb chaws Europe - nyob rau hauv ltalis, Fabkis, Portugal, Russia.

Cov yooj yim demographic ntsuas ntawm lub teb chaws: lub xeem census

2010-2015-th xyoo nyob rau hauv Moldova yog tsis yog li ntawd muaj zog pejxeem poob piv rau lub xyoo dhau los.

Nyob rau hauv 2004 (nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj) nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub thawj loj thiab kev census twb tau soj xyuas. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim twb tau txhim khu kev qha cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam neeg nyob nyob rau hauv Moldova, raws li yog txawv teb chaws, dab tsi muaj hnub nyoog, haiv neeg twg thiab pw ua ke qauv ntawm cov pejxeem. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias census twb tsis nqa tawm nyob rau hauv rau sab laug txhab nyiaj ntawm lub Dniester.

Raws li cov kev suav pej xeem, cov pejxeem yog 3.383.000 neeg. Nws twb tseem pom tias txog 8% Moldovan yog txawv teb chaws (nrog luag 90% ntawm lawv yog cov neeg thoj nam ua hauj lwm). Qhia nyob rau hauv tsis nuj nqis tus xov tooj yog 367 000 tus neeg.

Cov txiv neej pw qauv ntawm cov pejxeem yog yeej los ntawm cov poj niam (51.9%) - cov ntaub ntawv muab rau peb ua ib tug census.

2010 Moldova tua nkag ib tug me ntsis txo nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm cov pejxeem poob. Hais txog yuav ua li cas nws hloov nyob rau hauv lub kawg tsib caug xyoo, yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv lub tom ntej no seem.

Cov pejxeem muaj zog ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova

Yuav ua li cas varied pejxeem ntawm Moldova tshaj hauv lub xeem 50 xyoo?

Txog thaum lub caij 80-ies ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova yog tshee ua. Yog li ntawd, rau 30 xyoo (ntawm 1959 mus 1989) tus xov tooj ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws muaj zog los ntawm ntau tshaj ib lab cov neeg! Raws li ib tug feem pua ntawm cov pejxeem kev loj hlob ntawm yuav luag 40%.

Tom qab 1989, Moldova tus pej xeem pib tsis kam sai heev. Yog li ntawd, yog tias nyob rau hauv 1989 nyob rau hauv lub xeev, muaj 3,65 lab inhabitants, nyob rau hauv 2014 muaj twb 3,56 lab. Ntau kom meej meej rau puab ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova yuav tsum havzoov nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no teeb.

Pejxeem los ntawm cov cheeb tsam tsev thiab zuag qhia tag nrho theem ntawm urbanization nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws

Raws li faib nroog thiab nyob deb nroog cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova? Hais txog 61% ntawm Moldovans, raws li cov kev suav pej xeem ntawm 2004, nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nroog, thiab 39% - nyob rau hauv lub zos. Yog li, Moldova yog rightly suav hais tias yog feem ntau "nyob deb nroog" lub teb chaws nyob teb chaws Europe.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov qhov chaw ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Moldova yog nyob rau hauv lub nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov pejxeem?

Tus thawj tswj-hwv qauv ntawm lub teb chaws muaj 32 cheeb tsam thiab 5 chaw. Cov nab npawb ntawm cov inhabitants nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub qab no: Hancesti (120 txhiab), Cahul (119 txhiab), Orhei (116 txhiab), Ungensky (110 txhiab).

Pawg lwm haiv tib cov lus muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pejxeem

National muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova, raws li qhov tseeb census nqa tawm raws li nram no: hais txog 76% ntawm cov pejxeem yog cov Moldovans, thiab lawv muaj pes tsawg zog los ntawm yuav luag 6% tshaj lub sij hawm ntawm kev ywj pheej. Ntxiv qab lawv yog Ukrainian (8.4%), Lavxias teb sab (5.9%), Gagauzes (4.4%), Romania (2.2%) thiab Bulgaria (txog 2%). Roma nyob rau hauv Moldova muaj tsuas yog hais txog 12,000 (0.36%). Dua li no, Moldova yog feem ntau yuam xa mus rau raws li "Gypsy" lub teb chaws nyob teb chaws Europe.

Cov haiv neeg qauv ntawm cov pejxeem qhia tau hais tias ib tug ntshiab txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov txheej txheem uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub Moldovan haiv neeg tshaj yav dhau los 15-20 xyoo. Yog li, qhov feem pua ntawm lub Slavic haiv neeg (Ukrainians, Lavxias teb sab) tsis yeem tshaj yav dhau los 20 xyoo, thaum lub xov tooj ntawm Romanians thiab Gagauzia, on qhov tsis tooj, muaj zog.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg lwm mas feature: Lavxias teb sab thiab Ukrainian nyob rau hauv Moldova nyob mas nyob rau hauv loj lub zos, tab sis tus Moldovans, Bulgarians thiab Gagauz - nyob rau hauv uas nyob deb nroog qhov chaw.

99,6% ntawm cov 3.5 lab cov neeg nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm lub koom pheej ntawm Moldova, yog nws cov pej xeem. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ntau tshaj 5,000 neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws, raws li, muaj tsis muaj pej xeem nyob rau tag nrho Census 2004.

Cov lus teeb meem no nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws yog tsis tshua muaj neeg variegated. Yog li, nyob rau hauv lub neeg ob lo lus nug tau tauj thaum lub sij hawm 2004 census:

1. Hom lus twg koj xav tias rau nws tus kheej cov txheeb ze?
2. Yuav ua li cas yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv koj lub neej txhua hnub?

Yog li, hais txog 78% ntawm Moldova hom lub npe tis rau nws tus kheej yog tus Moldovan lus, 19% - Romanian, hais txog 2.5% - Lavxias teb sab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm Moldovan yog thawj hom lus ntawm kev sib txuas lus rau xwb 59% Moldovan. Lwm 16% ntawm cov pejxeem sib txuas lus nyob rau hauv Romanian thiab Lavxias teb sab lus, 4% - nyob rau hauv Ukrainian, hais txog 3% - nyob rau hauv lub Gagauz. Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias kev sib txawv ntawm cov Moldovan thiab Romanian lus yog insignificant, thiab qhov no faib yog ntau nom tswv tshaj lus.

Kev cai dab qhuas nyob rau hauv Moldova

Moldova yog officially tshaj plaws ntseeg thiab feem ntau Orthodox lub teb chaws nyob teb chaws Europe. Nyob 93% ntawm cov neeg nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no xav txog lawv tus kheej Orthodox ntseeg. Ntxiv muaj Baptist (kwv yees li 1 feem pua), thiab Pentecost Adventists (0.4%).

Atheists nyob rau hauv Moldova yog tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas - tsuas yog 76 txhiab tus neeg (nws yog ib tug me ntsis ntau tshaj li ob feem pua ntawm tag nrho cov pejxeem).

Nyob rau hauv xaus ...

Koom pheej ntawm Moldova - ib tug me me lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv sab qab teb-sab ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Nyob rau hauv nws nyob rau hauv ib cov pejxeem uas muaj txog 3.5 lab cov neeg, ntau tshaj 300 txhiab tus Moldovans yog txawv teb chaws.

Huv thiab nyob deb nroog cov pej xeem ntawm Moldova faib rau nws cov chaw uas zoo heev ntau dua los yog tsawg tusyees. Yog li, hais txog 61% ntawm cov pejxeem yog cov pej xeem, tab sis 39% - nyob rau hauv ntug zos cov cheeb tsam. Rau Moldova, raws li nyob rau hauv lwm yam post-Soviet lub teb chaws, lub nram qab no raug demographic teeb meem: uas tsis muaj yug tus nqi, siab lub neej no nqi, kev laus ntawm cov teb chaws (raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov thawj ob yam), raws li zoo raws li ib tug tseem ceeb outflow ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas nyob rau hauv lwm yam European lub teb chaws.