Master - yog rau xyoo ntawm txoj kev tshawb los yog txoj kev mus rau tus thawj coj lub rooj zaum?

Txij li thaum 2011, tag nrho cov kawm ntawv qib siab hauv tsev ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation dhau ib tug ob-theem system, uas tau ntev tau xyaum nyob rau hauv lub sab hnub poob. Qhov no yog vim lub accession ntawm peb lub teb chaws mus rau lub Bologna txheej txheem, uas aims los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm kev kawm ntawv thiab nws cov VR.

Nyob rau hauv kev twb kev txuas nrog rau qhov no txoj kev loj hlob tau ntau zog tsis tau tsuas yog txoj kev kawm lub sij hawm, tab sis lub xov tooj ntawm cov teeb meem. Chaw ua hauj lwm tsuas yog muaj peev xwm tsis tau siv mus rau lub fact tias ib tug bachelor degree - ib tug tag nrho lub tsev kawm ntawv degree thiab Master tus - nws tsis tiav, muaj ob tug ntau dua, tiam sis tsuas yog cov tub ntxhais kawm uas xav mus tob zuj zus yav tas los mas yuav kis tau paub.

Nyob rau hauv 1996 twb xyaum xws li ib tug system ntawm kev kawm ntawv, tab sis nyob rau lub sij hawm nws tau ua ib tug hluas thiab indissoluble txheej txheem.

Thaum lub caij, lub Lavxias teb sab kev kawm ntawv muaj 3 theem ntawm kev kawm ntawv :

- Bachelor tus;

- kawm tiav;

- Xib Hwb.

Ib tug bachelor degree yuav ib lub sij hawm plaub xyoos kawm. Tom qab no lub sij hawm, tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav tsum txiav txim siab tias nws yuav tsim ntxiv. Yog hais tias tus menyuam kawm ntawv tsis muaj lub peev xwm los yog xav mus ntxiv lawv txoj kev kawm, nws yog tsim nyog mus lawm rau ib tug bachelor degree, thiab yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug lub siab xav mus siab nws tus kheej los qhia los yog science, nws yog ib tug ncaj txoj kev mus rau lub magistracy. Cov kev kawm ntawv muaj ob xyoos, tom qab uas koj yuav tsum xeem dhau qhov kawg kev xeem, kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub kawg project, thiab - voila, peb muaj ib tug master degree. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws tau muab lub siab tshaj plaws degree ntawm kev kawm ntawv. Cov kawm tiav muaj lub sij hawm los kawm ntxiv thiab Profiled cov ntaub ntawv thiab siv sij hawm ntau rau cov tswv yim sab ntawm specialties.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm Master lub nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub nkag siab ntawm lo lus - nws yog kev tswj kev cob qhia, uas yog lub siab title ntawm "Master" - yog tus nkag daim pib mus rau hauv lub municipality. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus Xib Hwb qhib txoj kev mus rau loj Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws tuam txhab uas muag.

Cia li xav txog tej yam yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam zeem muag fraught nrog ib tug yooj yim lo lus "master"! Kev kawm ntawv tau txais rau xyoo kawm, cov lwm yam, yuav tsum txaus rau scientific xyaum thiab qhia.

Lwm yam tseem ceeb sib txawv ntawm undergraduate thiab kawm tiav cov tub txawg los ntawm tiav - yog lub fact tias thawj qhia yooj yim professions, thiab lub thib ob nrog rau cov kev txawj ntse yuav tsum tau mus daws tau ntau yam teeb meem, xws li tswv specialization "engineer nuclear tus paub txog" thiab "sau xov xwm ntawm TV".

Cov tom ntej no qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txhawj xeeb mus rau lub Russians: "Kuv tau ib tug diploma Masters, yog Baccalaureate kawm tiav nrog rau" xiav "?".

Ntawm cov ntawv no rau ib ntev lub sij hawm twb tsis sib haum, thiab nyob rau hauv 2012 lub Ministry of Education muab ib daim ntawv uas tso cai rau qhov teeb meem no. Tam sim no, lub "troika" bachelor - yog tsis muaj chaw khuam siab raws li ywj siab magistracy pom tau hais tias kev kawm ntawv. Dua li no, lub Bachelor degree yog tseem muaj ib tug prerequisite rau kev nkag mus kawm tiav tsev kawm ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv xaus, kuv xav kom nco ntsoov: raws li cov kev tshawb fawb, masters ntau nyob rau hauv coob tshaj li tshwj xeeb nrog ob peb kawm ntawv qib siab. Qhov no yog vim li, vim hais tias cov tswv - qhov no yog tsis yog ib tug theoretician thiab tus kws kho mob nrog ib tug siv kev txawj ntse thiab tsim nyog kev txawj ntse.