Magnesium nta. Tshuaj caij magnesium

Tshuaj caij ntawm magnesium - kaum ob nyob rau hauv lub periodic rooj. Nws belongs rau lub thib ob pab pawg neeg thiab tus thib peb lub sij hawm. Nws muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug txheej ntawm alkaline ntiaj teb co. Cov science uas kawm cov ntsiab - Science News for KIDS. Periodic rooj, raws li qhov uas yuav kawm txog cov science uas qhia tau hais tias lub protons thiab neutrons muaj nyob rau hauv lub magnesium atom kaum ob. Qhov no yuav tsum tau txiav txim los ntawm lub ordinal number (nws yog sib npaug zos rau cov xov tooj ntawm protons, thiab cov electrons yuav tsum yog tib yam li yog hais tias ib tug nruab nrab atom, ion xwb).

Tshuaj yam ntxwv ntawm magnesium no kuj kawm Science News for KIDS. Mendeleev rooj kuj tsim nyog los xav lawv raws li nws qhia tau hais tias peb cov valence ntawm lub caij (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog sib npaug zos rau ob tug). Nws nyob rau ntawm cov pab pawg neeg uas tus atom belongs. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yuav pab kom paub tias hais tias cov magnesium hniav puas loj sib npaug zos rau nees nkaum plaub. Hais tias yog, ib tug tias ntawm cov hlau nyhav nees nkaum plaub grams. magnesium mis yog heev yooj yim - nws tsis muaj xws li molecules thiab atoms ntawm chav crystalline lattice.

magnesium nta los ntawm qhov seem yus pom ntawm physicists

Raws li nrog rau tag nrho cov co, tsuas yog mercury no compound muaj cov khoom sau ua ib pawg xeev nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob. Nws muaj lub teeb-grey xim nqaij daim tawv nrog rau ib tug peculiar ci. Qhov no hlau muaj ib tug kuj muaj lub dag lub zog. Thaum yam ntxwv lub cev ntawm magnesium xaus. Xav txog melting thiab boiling kub. Tus thawj yog sib npaug zos rau puas thiab tsib caug degrees Celsius, tus thib ob ntawm txhiab cuaj caum degrees Celsius. Nws muaj peev xwm yuav xaus lus tias nws yog ib tug heev tsawg-melting hlau. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib qho yooj yim heev: nws ceev - 1.7 g / cm3.

Magnesium. Science News for KIDS

Paub yam ntxwv lub cev ntawm lub substance, koj yuav tau mus rau lub thib ob yog ib feem ntawm nws cov yam ntxwv. Qhov no hlau muaj ib tug txhais li cas kev ua si theem. Qhov no yuav ua pom los ntawm cov electrochemical series ntawm co - nws yog ntau passive, thiaj li muaj ntau rau sab xis. Magnesium yog ib tug ntawm cov thawj nyob rau sab laug. Xav txog qhov kev txiav txim, yog dab tsi tshuaj nws reacts thiab yuav ua li cas nws tshwm sim.

nrog yooj yim

Cov no muaj xws cov neeg uas nws molecules muaj tsuas yog ib cov tshuaj lub caij. Qhov no oxygen thiab fisfor, thiab leej faj, thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Thawj xav txog qhov kev sis raug zoo nrog oxygenic. Nws yog hu ua burning. Qhov no ntaub ntawv ib tug oxide ntawm cov hlau. Yog hais tias ob moles ntawm magnesium mus hlawv thaum siv ib lub tias ntawm oxygen, peb tau ob tug moles ntawm oxide. Cov kab zauv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog sau raws li nram no: 2Mg + O ₂ = 2MgO. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, thaum lub sij hawm combustion magnesium nraum zoov raws li nws cov nitride tsim, raws li cov thaum uas tig mus hlau reacts nrog lub nitrogen muaj nyob rau hauv cov cua.

Lub combustion ntawm siv peb moles ntawm magnesium ib lub tias ntawm Nitrogen, thiab cov no ib tug tias ntawm cov hlau nitride. Cov kab zauv ntawm no hom ntawm tshuaj sis tej zaum yuav sau li no: 3Mg + N ₂ = Mg ₃ N _2.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, magnesium muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm reacting nrog rau lwm cov yooj yim tshuaj xws li halogens. Sis nrog lawv tsuas tshwm sim yog hais tias tus tivthaiv tau rhuab mus heev kub. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj ib qho ntxiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Yuav kom muaj xws li xws halogen yooj yim tshuaj: chloro, iodo, bromo, Fluoro. Thiab lub tshua yog hu ua tsim nyog: chlorination, iodination, bromination, fluorination. Raws li nws twb tau twv cov ntawm xws li kev sib tshuam yuav tau txais chloride, iodide, bromide, magnesium fluoride. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias peb coj ib lub tias ntawm magnesium thiab tib iodine tau ib tus nas ntawm hlau iodide. Yuav kom qhia no tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv los ntawm kev siv hauv qab no kab zauv: Mg + ₂ ntawm kuv = MgI _2. Txoj ntsiab cai tib yog nqa tawm thiab chlorination. Hais tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab zauv: Mg + Cl ₂ = MgCl _2.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, hlau, nrog rau magnesium, hnov mob nrog phosphorus thiab sulfur. Nyob rau hauv thawj cov ntaub ntawv, koj yuav tau txais ib tug phosphide, nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - sulphide (tsis yuav tsis meej pem nrog phosphates thiab sulphates!). Yog hais tias peb coj peb moles ntawm magnesium, ntxiv rau nws ob moles ntawm phosphorus thiab rhuab mus rau lub yam kub, ua ib tug tias ntawm cov hlau phosphide. Cov kab zauv ntawm lub tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog raws li nram no: 3Mg + 2P = Mg ₃ P _2. Ib yam li ntawd, yog tias tov magnesium thiab leej faj rau hauv tib hniav puas proportions thiab tsim tau lub mob uas tsim nyog mus ua ib lub siab kub, peb tau muaj ib tug muab hlau sulfide. Cov kab zauv ntawm no tshuaj sis yuav sau li: Mg + S = MgS. Yog li ntawd peb ntsia hlau reacting nrog rau lwm cov yooj yim tshuaj. Tab sis cov tshuaj yam ntxwv ntawm cov magnesium tsis xaus muaj.

Tshua nrog txoj tebchaw

Tej yam muaj xws li dej, ntsev, kua qaub. Txij li thaum nyias pawg ntawm cov tshuaj co hnov mob txawv. Xav txog txhua yam nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim.

Magnesium thiab dej

Nyob rau hauv lub sis ntawm cov hlau nrog rau cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tshuaj compound oxide yog tsim thiab hydrogen gas nrog ib tug pungent tsis kaj siab tsw. Rau no hom ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yam kuj yuav tsum tau rhuab. Yog hais tias lub mix ntawm ib tus nas ntawm magnesium thiab dej, peb tau rau tib tus nqi ntawm oxide thiab hydrogen. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab zauv yog sau raws li nram no: Mg + H ₂ O = MgO + H _2.

Sis nrog acids

Ib yam li lwm sib active co, magnesium yog tau tshem lub atoms ntawm Hydrogen los ntawm lawv cov tebchaw. Tej dab no yog hu ua hloov cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, muaj ib tug kev hloov ntawm Hydrogen atoms ntawm cov hlau atoms thiab tsim los ntawm cov ntsev uas muaj magnesium (los yog lwm yam caij) thiab cov kua qaub sludge. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias peb coj ib lub tias ntawm magnesium thiab ntxiv rau hydrochloric acid nyob rau hauv ib tug npaum li ntawm ob moles ntawm tsim ib lub tias ntawm chloride ntawm cov hlau thiab raws li ntau yam hydrogen. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab zauv yuav zoo xws li: Mg + 2HCl = MgCl ₂ + H _2.

Sis nrog ntsev

Raws li cov ntsev yog tsim los ntawm acids, peb twb hais, tab sis cov yam ntxwv ntawm magnesium nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm Science News for KIDS thiab yuav saib xyuas ntawm nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog lub ntsev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsuas tshwm sim thaum lub hlau ib feem ntawm lub ntsev yog tsawg active tshaj magnesium. Piv txwv li, yog hais tias peb coj ib lub tias ntawm magnesium sulfate thiab tooj liab sulfate tau cov hlau nyob rau hauv lo lus nug thiab cov ntshiab tooj liab nyob rau hauv sib npaug zos hniav puas piv. Cov kab zauv ntawm tej tshuaj yuav sau raws li nram no: Mg + CuSO ₄ = MgSO ₄ + Cu. Muaj tshwm sim txo thaj chaw ntawm magnesium.

Kev siv cov no hlau

Vim lub fact tias nws yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas superior rau txhuas - nws yog yooj yim los mus kwv yees li peb lub sij hawm, tab sis ob zaug raws li muaj zog, nws twb dav faib nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm industries. Qhov no feem ntau aviation. Ntawm no magnesium-raws li alloys nyob hauv thawj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv muaj koob meej ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv siv. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj raws li kev lag luam kom txhob muaj neeg saib xyuas tau txais tej yam co ntawm lawv lub tebchaw. Vim lub fact tias cov combustion magnesium ntaub ntawv ib tug heev haib flash, nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tub rog kev lag luam rau kev tsim flares, thiab lwm yam stun mos txwv.

Kev npaj ntawm magnesium

Yeej, qhov no yog raw khoom siv rau lub chloride ntawm cov hlau. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm electrolysis.

Zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm hlau cations

Qhov no yog ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev tsim los mus txiav txim hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ions ntawm ib yam khoom. Mus kuaj lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug tov ntawm magnesium tebchaw yuav muab ntxiv thereto poov tshuaj carbonate los yog sodium hydroxide. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, ib tug dawb precipitate tsim, uas yog yooj yim yaj nyob rau hauv acids.

Qhov twg cov hlau yuav pom nyob rau hauv cov xwm?

Qhov no tshuaj caij yog heev nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Lub kiav txhab yog yuav luag ob tug ib xees yog ua los ntawm cov hlau. Nws yog pom nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm ntau minerals xws li carnallite, magnesite, dolomite, talc, asbestos. Formula thawj mineral zoo li: KCl • MgCl ₂ • 6H ₂ O. Nws zoo nkaus li raws li muaju xiavlus, daj ntseg liab, daj liab, daj ntseg daj, los yog pob tshab xim. Magnesite - yog magnesium carbonate, nws tshuaj mis - MgCO _3. Nws muaj ib tug dawb cov xim, tab sis, nyob rau hauv lub impurities yuav ua tau grey, xim av los yog daj zas. Dolomite muaj cov nram qab tshuaj mis: MgCO ₃ • CaCO _3. Nws yog yellowish-grey los yog ochre mineral muaj ib tug glassy ci.

Talc thiab asbestos muaj ntau mis: 3MgO • 4SiO ₂ • H ₂ O • 2SiO ₂ 3MgO • 2H ₂ O, ntsig txog. Vim nws cov high tshav kub tsis kam, lawv yog lug siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, magnesium yog muaj mus rau hauv lub tshuaj nyob tus yeees ntawm cov cell qauv thiab ntau organic tshuaj. Qhov no peb yuav xav txog nyob rau hauv ntau yam.

Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm magnesium rau lub cev

Qhov no tshuaj caij tseem ceeb rau ob qho tib si nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj beings. Magnesium tsob nroj kab mob tsuas tseem ceeb heev. Ib yam li hlau yog lub hauv paus ntawm hemoglobin xav tsiaj lub neej, vim hais tias magnesium yog ib tug loj feem ntawm chlorophyll, tsis muaj uas ib tug nroj tsuag tau tsis nyob ua ib ke. Qhov no xim yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis nyob rau hauv uas cov nplooj synthesized inorganic tebchaw cov as-ham. Magnesium rau tus kab mob ntawm cov tsiaj yog tseem heev tsim nyog. Pawg feem ntawm cov kab keeb nyob rau hauv lub cell - 0.02-0.03%. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nws yog li ntawd me ntsis, nws ua ib tug heev ib qho tseem ceeb muaj nuj nqi. Tsaug rau cov qauv nws yuav txaus siab organelles xws li mitochondria, lub luag hauj lwm rau cellular kev ua pa thiab cov synthesis ntawm lub zog raws li ribosomes, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv cov proteins tsim nyog rau lub neej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg uas muaj ntau enzymes, uas yog tsim nyog rau intracellular metabolism thiab DNA synthesis.

nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, ib tug magnet yog yuav tsum tau rau lub cev yuav tsum tau muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv zib metabolism, Sibhawm thiab ib co amino acids. Tsis tas li ntawd paj teeb liab yuav kis tau ntawm ib tug muab microelement. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau saum toj, txaus magnesium nyob rau hauv lub cev thiaj li muaj cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub plawv tuaj, lub plawv thiab cwj nrag.

Cov tsos mob ntawm muaj thiab muaj cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev

Magnesium deficiency manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub cev xws yooj yim nta raws li tawg, qaug zog thiab pluag operability, irritability thiab pluag pw tsaug zog, nco tsis tau, kiv taub hau, heev. Nws kuj muaj kev xeev siab, convulsions, trembling ntiv tes, tsis meej pem - cov no yog cov cim ntawm ib tug heev tsawg theem ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov zaub mov ntawm lub kab keeb. Magnesium deficiency hauv lub cev ua rau yus nquag ua pa kab mob, teeb nyob rau hauv cov hlab plawv system, thiab lub thib ob hom mob ntshav qab zib. Tom ntej no, xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm magnesium nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov. Yuav kom tsis txhob muaj cov tsis muaj yuav tsum tau paub dab tsi cov zaub mov nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj lub caij cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv kev saib xyuas qhov tseeb hais tias muaj ntau cov tsos mob no tej zaum yuav kuj tshwm sim thaum rov qab cov ntaub ntawv - ib tug dhau heev lawm ntawm magnesium nyob rau hauv lub cev, raws li zoo raws li tsis muaj lwm yam minerals tawm, xws li poov tshuaj thiab sodium. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los mus kho koj cov zaub mov kom zoo thiab nkag siab txog cov essence ntawm qhov teeb meem, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua li no nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm ib tug sau npe dietitian.

Lub magnesium cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv cov khoom

Raws li hais saum toj no, lub active caij yog lub ntsiab tivthaiv ntawm chlorophyll. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav twv hais tias ib tug loj npaum li cas los ntawm yog muaj nyob rau hauv lub ntsuab: .. Yog kav, dill, zaub txhwb qaib, zaub paj thiab zaub qhwv, zaub xas lav, etc. Nws kuj yog ib tug ntau ntawm cereals, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog buckwheat thiab millet, thiab txawm oatmeal thiab barley. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv kab keeb nplua nuj nyob rau hauv ceev: lawv yog cov cashews, thiab walnuts, thiab txiv laum huab xeeb, thiab hazelnuts, thiab almonds. Tsis tas li ntawd ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov hlau uas muaj nyob hauv legumes xws li taum thiab taum mog. Ib tug ntau ntawm nws yog muaj nyob rau hauv nyob tus yeees ntawm algae, piv txwv li nyob rau hauv lub seaweed. Yog hais tias kev siv ntawm cov khoom no yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nyob rau hauv lub qub npaum li cas, ces koj lub cev yuav tsis tsis muaj los sib tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm hlau. Yog hais tias koj muaj peev xwm tsis tu ncua noj cov khoom noj uas muaj npe saum toj no, nws yog ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws los yuav kev pab noj haus, uas muaj xws li no kab keeb. Tab sis ua ntej hais tias nws yog tsim nyog los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob.

xaus

Magnesium - ib qho ntawm feem tseem ceeb co nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau industries - los ntawm cov tshuaj rau qhov khoos kas aerospace thiab cov tub rog. Ntxiv mus, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los ntawm ib tug lom standpoint. Yog tsis muaj nws lub hav zoov ntawm tej nroj tsuag los yog tsiaj muaj tus kab mob. Vim li no cov tshuaj lub caij, cov txheej txheem yog nqa tawm, uas muab lub neej tag nrho ntawm cov ntiaj chaw - photosynthesis.