M62 - diesel Utility. M62: kev hloov kho, nthuav tseeb

Utility tshem ciav hlau M62 yog tsim los pab nyob rau hauv 1965 thiab ua ntawm luhanskteplovoz. Qhov Performance index "6" nyob rau hauv lub title hais tias lub tshem ciav hlau muaj rau axles, thiab cov index "2" - nyob rau hauv nws koom rau lub thib ob hom. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm txog keeb kwm ntawm creation ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau qauv M62 yuav muab suav hais tias, nws tseem ceeb nta thiab cov kev hloov.

creation

Nws tsos tshem ciav hlau yog yuam ua hauj lwm rau kev nthuav cov txheej xwm. Nyob rau hauv 1961, lub Hungarian railway mas yuav kis tau 20 Swedish locomotives nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 1950 hp. Tom tsev qauv hu ua «Di3», tab sis nyob rau hauv Hungary nws twb hu ua M61. Thaum lub Soviet coj noj coj ua, nyob rau hauv particular, Nikita Khrushchev, mus kawm txog qhov no purchase, nws yog heev distracting. Tom qab no qhov teeb meem, lub socialist lub teb chaws muaj banned tau locomotives nyob rau capitalist lub teb chaws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm luhanskteplovoz twb yuam kom urgently siv cov tshem ciav hlau nyob rau hauv lub 1435-hli gauge, lub hwj chim 2000 horsepower. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 70s lub ntsiab contender rau lub luag hauj lwm, raws li kws txawj, yog ib tug tshem ciav hlau TG102 qauv. Txawm li cas los, tom qab nws raug kev txom nyem ib fiasco, nws tau txiav txim siab los mus tsim ib tug tshiab tshem ciav hlau.

ntau lawm

Tus thawj prototypes tau ua nyob rau hauv xyoo 1965. Nyob rau hauv Hungary, lub tshem ciav hlau twb hu ua M62, uas pib yuav tsum tau siv thoob plaws hauv lub Soviet Union, nyob rau hauv pauv rau lub tswv yim npaj TE112. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias xws li ib tug kev txiav txim siab yog tsis raug rau lub USSR railways.

Tsis ntev Tshem ciav hlau ntawm tag nrho cov ceev ua nyob rau Lugansk tsob nroj, thiab cov thawj lub sij hawm twb xa xwb nyob rau hauv socialist lub teb chaws. Ces nws pib muag nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws. Nyob rau hauv teb chaws Poland, twb muaj npe lub tshem ciav hlau ST44; nyob rau hauv Czechoslovakia - T769.1; GDR - V200, ces tus BR 120, thiab tom qab ntawd, thaum hloov Standard Classification - BR 220; Sab qaum teb Kauslim - K62; nyob rau hauv Mongolia - 2M62M Thaum kawg, lub teb chaws Cuba - 61,6.

Nyob rau hauv 1970 nws pib yuav tsum tau ua M62 locomotives rau ntawm tej log nyob rau hauv lub 1520 millimeter gauge. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, ib co qauv npaj rau cov lag luam nyob rau hauv ciam cheeb tsam nrog ib tug khiav ntawm 1.435 millimeters. Tag nrho huvsi thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev tso tawm ntawm lub diesel Tshem ciav hlau M62 721 luam tau ua nyob rau hauv lub puag version. Ntau npaum li cas cov tsheb tau ua nyob rau hauv hloov versions. Xeem kev hloov kho 2M62U tshem ciav hlau twb tso tawm nyob rau hauv 2001.

tsim

Lub tshem ciav hlau M62 npaum li cas twb tau txais ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau TE10 qauv. Peb yuav tau tham txog lub tsheb, cov kis tswvyim thiab lub tswvyim thiab lub accessory tsav. Txawm li cas los, ua tsaug rau ib tug muaj kev vam meej layout thiab tsim kev daws teeb meem rau ib co machinists twb txaus siab heev rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau. Tsis xav tsis dhau - tshem ciav hlau engineering ntawm Western loj, lub designers raug yuam kom txi ib tug me ntsis ntawm nws cov efficiency. Txij li thaum lub efficiency ntawm ib tug diesel tshem ciav hlau yog ib nyuag qis tshaj hais tias ntawm lub yav dhau los cov qauv, TE3.

Thaum lub sij hawm lub lag luam ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau qhia ib co kev tsim flaws. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov yog cov me me muaj peev xwm ntawm cov roj tank, ua ke nrog ib tug loj qab los noj mov ob-mob stroke diesel cav.

Thaum lub tshem ciav hlau tso M62 nyob rau hauv Czechoslovakia, lub zos railway ceased lawm T678.0 qauv launched.

kev hloov kho

Thaum lub sij hawm qhov kev tso tawm ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau twb tsim ib tug heev ob peb hloov:

1. 2M62. Nws yog ib tug ob-piece version, uas nyob rau hauv 1976 hloov lub tshem ciav hlau TE3. Thaum lub sij hawm ntau lawm ntawm tus tsim lub tswvyim ntawm lub diesel tshem ciav hlau M62 tau txais ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev hloov, nyob rau hauv kev lub 751-th qauv tshem ciav hlau los ua nruab nrog thaiv tsis teeb moos soos. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nws twb tso tawm nyob rau hauv 1261 cov ntawv luam ntawm cov qauv no.
2. 2M62U. Nws yog ib tug ob-piece tshem ciav hlau-pedestal minyuam, muaj roj tank peev xwm thiab tsis teeb moos soos, uas twb manufactured los ntawm 1987 xyoo. Sib nrug los ntawm cov qauv ua rau export, 393 cov ntawv luam ntawm no tshem ciav hlau twb tso tawm.
3. 3M62U. Qhov no peb-piece tshem ciav hlau-pedestal bogies thiab thaiv teeb moos soos uas tsim txij thaum 1986. Thaum lub sij hawm zus tau tej cov los ua ke kab mus tawm 104 daim ntawv luam. Feem ntau muaj cov tsuas yog ob tug tshem ciav hlau seem, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab ib tug loj overhaul.
4. DM62. Nws yog ib tug hluas-section tshem ciav hlau, uas yog ua los ntawm 1982 mus 1994. Nws siv raws li ib feem ntawm cov tub rog railway missile system "zoo li cas." Txhua lub tsheb ciav hlau ntawm lub complex tau nruab nrog peb xws locomotives. Ntawm lub hauv paus qauv, qhov no tshem ciav hlau muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov kev hloov aimed ntawm kev txhim kho cov kev ntseeg ntawm cov tshem ciav hlau. Ib txhia ntawm lawv twb tom qab thov nyob rau hauv 2M62U qauv ntau lawm. Los ntawm cov qub qauv ntawm lub tshem ciav hlau M62 DM62 version kuj txawv nyob rau hauv tsos: jawless carts, thaiv tsis teeb, muab faib vaj huam sib luag thiab adjustable puteochistitel. Performance index "D" yog tsis tuaj kawm ntawv los ntawm daim ntawv tso cai phaj ntawm cov tshem ciav hlau. Ib tug tag nrho ntawm 154 xws tsheb tau ua. Tom qab lub disbandment ntawm cov tub rog complex locomotives pauv mus rau kev tsheb nqaj hlau uas pej xeem.
5. M62UP. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, qhov no version ntawm ib leeg-seem diesel Tshem ciav hlau 3M62U. Nws twb siv tsuas yog rau cov muaj hom phiaj, tsuas yog nyob rau hauv ib ncig ntawm Ukraine. Tso tawm tsuas yog 40 daim ntawv luam.
6. 3M62P. Yog ib tug peb-seem tshem ciav hlau 1988 tso tawm, tsim los rau kev tshem tawm ntawm tus cab kuj foob pob ua ntxaij nyob rau Baikonur community launch site helipad. Qhov thib peb seem los ntawm thaum pib twb tsis siv thiab tau sai scrapped. tag nrho cov 3 piv txwv ntawm locomotives tau ua. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug ntawm lawv twb hloov mus rau hauv ib tug yooj yim tshem ciav hlau 2M62U. Thiab lwm ob tug tom qab ib tug ntev kaw tau cov rhuav thiab muag.
7. 2M62M. Qhov no ob-daim qauv, tsim los rau cov Ulan Bator Railway. Lub tshem ciav hlau twb tau muab siv nyob rau hauv semi-arid tej yam kev mob. Nws yog yus muaj los ntawm ib tug tshwj xeeb tsim los ntxuav huab cua nkag mus rau lub motors los ntawm hmoov av thiab xuab zeb. Cia li nqis los ntawm lub conveyor 60 xws locomotives.

Modernization

M62 diesel locomotives, uas tau sab sab lawv muab kev pab lub neej, raug kho. Qhov no yuav pab los txhim kho lawv. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, ob-mob stroke diesel tshem ciav hlau M62 yog hloov los ntawm ib tug plaub-mob stroke. Kawm modernized locomotives yuav yuav nyob rau hauv cov huab cua lim, uas yog "ntoo khaub lig-hump" tshwm rau hauv lub ru tsev. Tej zaum cov tshiab qauv tau ib lub npe tshiab: M62K nyob rau hauv Lithuania; 2M62UK nyob rau hauv Belarus thiab Russia; 2M62K nyob rau hauv Lithuania, Belarus thiab Russia; 2M62UK nyob rau hauv Latvia.

Nyob rau hauv Latvia, Lithuania thiab Hungary, ib co locomotives nyob rau hauv lub ntas ntawm Modernization ntawm diesel xyaw tau txais ib tug US ruaj Kab Ntsig.

kev yam ntxwv

Thaum kawg peb tuaj qhov yooj yim tsis muaj lub diesel tshem ciav hlau M62:

1. Tsav hwj chim - 2000 hp
2. Ceev (structural) - 100 km / h.
3. Section Nyhav - 116-126 m, nyob ntawm seb cov hloov.
4. Qag load - 19,3-21 m, nyob ntawm seb cov hloov.
5. Tractive quab yuam - 196-245 KN, nyob ntawm seb lub operating hom.