Lub philosophy ntawm Feuerbach

Lub philosophy ntawm Feuerbach yog zaum kawg theem ntawm classical German philosophy, sawv cev los ntawm Kant, Hegel, Schelling, Fichte, thiab pib ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm materialism nyob rau hauv lub German raws li nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no ntawm philosophy. Lub wealth ntawm cov tswv yim thiab qhov kev ci ntawm nws wit ceeb ua ke ntawm lub khov ntawm nws views. Ntawm nws tus kheej, nws hais tias nws thawj xav tau Vajtswv, thiab lub thib ob - lub siab, thiab lub thib peb thiab kawg - txiv neej. Nws ciaj peb Phasis philosophy uas saib nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, thiab nres thaum kawg.

Lyudvig Feyerbah (1804 - 1872) twb yug los nyob rau hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm criminology, nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais hluas nws kawm theology, mloog Hegel nyob rau hauv Berlin.

Nws ntseeg lub philosophy ntawm idealism rationalized kev ntseeg, tawm tsam lub philosophy thiab kev ntseeg ntawm lawv cov essence heev. Hauv plawv ntawm kev ntseeg, nws pom txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv dogma thiab philosophy - kev paub thiab lub siab xav mus nrhiav qhov xwm ntawm yam. Yog li ntawd, lub philosophy ntawm Feuerbach tus thuam yog aimed ntawm tau txais tshem ntawm kev ntseeg thiab kev cai dab qhuas nco qab los ntawm illusions. Nws hu ua tus txiv neej ib feem (feem ntau tshaj) cov xwm, tsis yog Vajtswv cov creation.

Lub homphiaj ntawm Feuerbach yog tus neeg, tus ntsuj plig , thiab uas yog ib lub cev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ntau mloog yog them mus rau lub philosopher, lub cev, uas, nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, muab lub essence ntawm qhov uas "kuv". Criticizing lub idealists, lawv txhais ntawm kev kawm thiab kev paub daws teeb xav, Feuerbach sib hais rau sensuous contemplation. Nws ntseeg hais tias tsuas qhov chaw ntawm kev txawj ntse - ib tug oschuscheniya- pom, kov, lub rooj sib hais, tsis hnov tsw, uas muaj ib txoj kev muaj tiag. Nrog lawv cov kev pab thiab kom paub cov kev puas hlwb lub xeev.

Nws tsis lees txais cov supersensible kev muaj tiag thiab paub daws teeb kev txawj ntse los ntawm yog vim li cas, uas yog xam ib idealist speculation. Qhov no anthropological philosophy ntawm Feuerbach qhia ib tug tshiab txhais ntawm lub tswvyim ntawm "kwv". Raws li Feuerbach, nws yog tsim thaum cov neeg sib txuas lus, yog li cov kwv yog rau tus neeg - nws yog ib tug neeg tshiab lawm. Lub intercom, cov neeg muaj ib tug philanthropic, altruistic morality hais tias cov neeg yuav tsum tau hloov lub illusory kev hlub ntawm Vajtswv. Cov yav tas nws hu ua alienated thiab cuav hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev hlub.

Ua ke nrog Hegel nws ntseeg hais tias nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim ntawm yog vim li cas thiab qhov yuav tsum tau rau kev txawj ntse. Ib tug striking feature uas yog lub philosophy ntawm Feuerbach, yog cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm tuizme. Nws ntseeg hais tias lub credibility ntawm kev ua muaj rau lawv tus kheej tib neeg txoj kev xav. Nws yeej tsis abandons nws tus paj laum nyob rau hauv lub qhov teeb meem ntawm kev cai dab qhuas thiab ethics, yog li no nam ntawm nws philosophy yog tsim ntau ntxaum thiab fuller tshaj cov kev txawj ntse cov lus nug.

Nthuav sab uas yog lub tswvyim ntawm Feuerbach, e yog nws txhais lus rau kev ntseeg. Nws yog nws kev tshawb xav ntawm psychogenesis kev cai dab qhuas ntiaj teb no saib. Nws nrhiav kev los qhia yuav ua li cas rau cov tib neeg hloov zuj zuj tiam dhau ib tiam cov kev cai dab qhuas worldview. Extrasensory tsis txhua yam uas yog lus dag tshaj nco qab thiab tib neeg qhov, nws nyhav naturalism thiab atheism.

Feuerbach yog nws piav qhia ntawm psychogenesis sab ntsuj plig kev cai dab qhuas kev ntseeg thiab txoj kev xav. Cov me nyuam, savages thiab civilized neeg yog Attendance xav mus tsim lawv lub cev sab nraud nta (anthropomorphism). Thiab kev ntseeg yog lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws zoo ntawm twb paub lawm xws dee - mus tsim qhov zoo tshaj plaws nta ntawm nws "Kuv", koj tus kheej xav, kev ntshaw thiab kev xav nyob rau hauv lub saum ntuj los duab. Tej kev cai dab qhuas creativity yuav pab ib tug neeg mus rau tshem tawm cov inconsistency uas inevitably tshwm sim ntawm nws lub siab nyiam thiab achievements thiab yog leej twg paub txog li painfully. Tsis Vajtswv tsim txiv neej nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej daim duab, tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis tooj, tus txiv neej nws tus kheej yeej ib txwm ua lawv gods. Thiab cov gods - cov me nyuam ntawm tib neeg lub siab nyiam.

Xws li yog cov philosophy ntawm Feuerbach. Luv luv nws yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau nthuav yam. Nws yog feem ntau nthuav rau nws puas siab puas ntsws, tsis yog ib tug metaphysical sab. Nws los mus piav qhia txog tus txheej txheem ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm kev cai dab qhuas worldview yog tshiab thiab tseem cia nrog. No: cov tswv yim ntawm Feuerbach los ua tus impetus rau kev tshawb fawb mus rau hauv lub keeb kwm kev cai dab qhuas Renan, Gávea, Strauss, Vol. SN Trubetskoy thiab lwm tus. Lawv ua raws li los ntawm ib tug series ntawm ethnographic kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tswv yim qub kev ntseeg (Lubbock, Tylor, Spencer, Group, thiab lwm tus neeg.). Nws lub tswv yim muaj ib tug muaj zog cawv rau cov thawj coj ntawm lub German Social cai ywj pheej: Marx, Engels, thiab lwm tus neeg.