Lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau lub abolition ntawm serfdom nyob rau hauv Russia

Thaum nyob rau hauv 1856, tas lub Crimean ua tsov ua rog, muaj ntau yam historians cam hais tias lub era ntawm liberation thiab kho nyob rau hauv Russia. Tsis tau txawm nyob rau hauv lub lig xyoo pua, muaj ntau zaum, txawj xav thiab pej xeem nuj nqis tau pom vim li cas rau lub abolition ntawm serfdom. Ib tug puag tiag tiag twb, yam tsawg kawg, cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm lub sij hawm uas xav hais tias serfdom - yog tsawg kawg yog tsis dawb huv. Txawm tsim ib daim card zej zog uas tiv thaiv tiv thaiv serfdom, tab sis nws yog tag nrho cov nyob rau hauv vain.

Nyob rau hauv 1855, nws tuaj rau lub hwj chim ib tug tshiab huab tais. Alexander II los ntawm thaum yau accustomed mus rau lub siab zoo kev kho mob ntawm cov neeg, lawv twb tsis tawm ntawm ib yam ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo raws li txoj cai. Cuaj kaum, tus tshiab kav tsis yog tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv ib tug hurry mus nqa tawm tej kho, txawm tias zoo paub hais tias cov kev backwardness ntawm Russia, raws li zoo raws li serfdom - yog vim li cas uas yuav tsum tau hu ua lub ntsiab, uas tau poob ua tsov ua rog. Txawm nws yog, tiam sis nyob rau hauv lub kawg, Alexander II tseem tuaj mus rau lub xaus hais tias cov kho yeej yuav tsum tau, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau nqa tawm sai li sai tau.

Yog li ntawd, qhov yooj yim premise abolition ntawm serfdom, lub nram qab no: nws yog heev npaum li cas hampered txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam, peev twb mus heev maj mam, thiab nws yog yuav hais tias Russia yuav los ua ib tug thib ob lub xeev.

Lwm vim li cas yog lub fact tias tag nrho cov teb ntawm peasants yuav tsis tiv afloat thiab puas, thiab nws yog txhua yam tshwm sim vim hais tias tus tswv tsev heev feem ntau tau nce serfdom, thiab tus nqi xauj tsev them nyiaj teb ua dab tsi ntau tshaj yuav ua li cas mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub factories.

Qhov thib peb premise yog hais tias nws yog serfdom yog lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau lub Crimean tsov rog twb poob lawm. Nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag yog qhov tseeb hais tias Russia muaj ib tug tsis tshua muaj high-tech tub rog tsis muaj zog piv nrog rau lwm cov loj powers. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tswv teb tau puas sai heev vim mus rau ntau yam dej num thiab levies, ntau cov tswv teb tsuas khiav kom deb ntawm lub tswv tsev.

Lwm yog vim li cas - ib tug kev loj hlob ntawm cov neeg pluag uprisings. Lawv, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, muaj dab tsi los plam, ces pib ntxhov siab. Tus tsoom fwv yog heev ntshai, tsis txhob pib lub thib ob "Pugachevshchina".

Lub tsib yog vim li cas rau lub abolition ntawm serfdom yog hais tias lub rulers lawv tus kheej twb paub zoo hais tias lub xeev no ntawm tej xwm txheej, lawv yog, raws li yog hais rau ib tug hmoov keg, thiab peb yuav tsum ua mus nqa tawm kho, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi zoo nws yuav tsis xaus.

Thaum kawg, lub thib rau yog vim li cas hais tias serfdom yuav tsum tau rho ntau thiab hais tias nws twb ntaus nqi los ntawm ntau raws li ib tug tiag tiag kev ua cev qhev thiab ze li ntawm tag nrho cov seem ntawm cov haiv neeg thuam lub xeev no ntawm tej xwm txheej.

Qhov no yog tsis yog txhua txhua yog vim li cas rau lub abolition ntawm serfdom, tab sis cov no rau mus nkag tau rau lub feem ntau troubled tsoom fwv.

Nws yog nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo ntawm lub reign ntawm tus tshiab huab tais tau kos npe los ntawm tus amnesty txoj cai. Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm daim ntawv muaj ntau yam ntawm cov Decembrists, raws li zoo raws li cov neeg ntawm lwm cov uprisings tau lawv txoj kev ywj pheej, tshem tawm ib co kev koom ua tub rog censorship, tab sis yog tseem nyob, tab sis muaj nuj nqis tsis muaj zog txaus, thiab koj mus txawv teb chaws tau ua dawb.

Tus tshiab tsoom fwv tau tuaj thiab pom tag nrho cov yog vim li cas rau lub abolition ntawm serfdom, tab sis tus ntshiab txoj kev txiav txim uas lawv tau ua tsis tau. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub zej zog nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm twb muaj ntau yam sau ntawv ntawm kab lis kev cai, keeb kwm thiab ntaub ntawv, uas muaj lawv designs rau lub tshiab kom zoo. Lub nto moo tshaj plaws yog ib daim ntawv Kavelina historian, uas ntseeg hais tias thaum lub sij hawm cov neeg pluag kho kom zoo yuav tsum coj mus rau hauv tus account tsis tsuas cov kev txaus siab ntawm cov tswv av, tab sis kuj cov peasants. Nyob rau hauv nws lub tswv yim, cov neeg no yuav tsum tau txais av nyob rau hauv kev siv, thiab cov tswv tsev - ib tug nqi zog rau nws.

Tsis tas li ntawd, tus neeg no yog feem ntau kom meej meej piav tag nrho cov yog vim li cas rau lub abolition ntawm serfdom, thiab cov neeg tiag tiag mloog rau nws. Txawm li cas los, nws muaj nqis ntsoov teev hais tias tsoom fwv tsis yog tshwj xeeb txaus siab yog li ntawd rau activists, nws txawm raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm lawv qhov chaw ua hauj lwm, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev ncaj ncees nws yog tsim nyog los xav txog qhov tseeb hais tias nws yog nws lub tswv yim thiab nrhiav lub ntsiab cai ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej kom zoo.