Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub paj huam "12" by Alexander BLOK

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub paj huam "12" yuav siv sij hawm nws count los ntawm ib tug ob hlis ntuj hnub, uas los ua ib tug raws point rau txoj hmoo ntawm Russia. Los sis tej zaum txawm ua ntej lawm - txij thaum lub revolutionary pab pawg neeg Petra Verhovenskogo ntawm "Devils" los yog lub npe nrov Pushkin "nyob rau lub ruins ntawm autocracy ...". Txawm nws yog, lub Bloc creation yuav muab piv ib yam mus rau ib tug chronicle ntawm cov sij hawm - nrog ib lub qhov muag rau dab tsi symbolist "Kaum Ob tug" yog deb heev los ntawm tej lub hom phiaj thiaj yuav ntawm cov txheej xwm.

"Lub Intelligentsia thiab cov kiv puag ncig"

Unit tau destined los ua ib tug tim khawv rau cov revolutionary txheej xwm ntawm 1917-1918, uas coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv Petrograd, txias thiab deprivation ntawm tag nrho cov uas lawv tau nqa. Yog li ntawd, txawm tus kws sau paj lug yog ib zaug puas tau raug ntes los ntawm cov tshiab tsoom fwv - ib hnub twg uas siab Alexander. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws tsis mus txawv teb chaws thiab txawm sim ua ub no mus koom nrog cov revolutionary lub neej. Qhov no tso cai rau kev soj ntsuam rau lub xeem xyoo ntawm tus kws sau paj lug ntshai raws li ib tug staunch supporter ntawm lub kiv puag ncig.

Txawm li cas los, xws li ib tug daim ntawv nkawd kuj nce mentsis flawed, yog hais tias peb mloog mus rau lub tsab xov xwm Thaiv "Intelligentsia thiab lub kiv puag ncig," sau nyob rau hauv 1918. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub "Kaum Ob tug", uas tshuav unclarified qhov tseeb cwj pwm ntawm cov Bloc rau dab tsi tshwm sim, journalism kov yeej tag nrho cov doubts pej xeem. Yog, lub tsev tau txais ib tug kiv puag ncig, tab sis tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo los yog zoo cov kev ntsuam xyuas, xav tias tus txheej xwm ntawm cov sij hawm raws li tus qauv uas yuav tsum tau muab nyiaj dhau los.

"Lub txaus ntshai suab nrov, nce nyob rau hauv kuv thiab ib ncig ntawm"

Cov keeb kwm tag nrho ntawm cov creation ntawm lub paj huam "12" Thaiv yog ib Rev ntawm unnumbered los xij uas tau sau mus rau lub neej yav tom ntej masterpiece nyob rau hauv lub hlis tas los. Lub chaw ua hauj lwm yog sau nyob rau hauv tib lub ua tsis taus pa, thaum dhau tsuas ib xyoos tom qab lub Ob Hlis Ntuj kiv puag ncig. Nyob rau hauv cov lus ntawm lub Bloc, lub keeb kwm ntawm creation ntawm lub paj huam "12" pib nrog cov lus "Oh, kuv muaj ib rab riam band!" Cov soj ntsuam ntawm tau pom tias chiv sau tshooj ob, tom qab nws tuaj mus rau lub teeb lub thib rau, xya, yim, zoo, qhov kawg chord yog tus scene Yexus Khetos.

Tsis muaj nws deciphering lub keeb kwm ntawm creation ntawm lub paj huam "12" Thaiv zoo tsis tiav. Yog hais tias lub npe ntawm cov khoom, ua rau cov muaj kev koom nrog cov thwj tim, muaj ib Ameslikas, ces Yexus tshwm sim yog ib tug txawj txiav txim siab. Nkag kws sau paj lug ntawm Lub ob hlis ntuj 1918 attest rau qhov no: lub tug duab fancied blocks nyob rau hauv ib tug los daus loj. Zoo heev mysterious hais li ntawd, cov thawj kos duab ntawm "Lub Kaum Ob tug" Yuri Annenkov: "Yog hais tias los ntawm lub sab saum toj sab laug ces kaum ntawm" lub tua neeg ntawm Katka "wafted tuab daus thiab dhau los ntawm nws - Tswv Yexus - nws yuav yog ib tug kev cover."

"Hnub no kuv yog ib tug ntse heev"

... li ntawd, thaiv cim rau thaum xaus rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm. Tab sis yog tias lub keeb kwm ntawm lub paj huam "12" nyob rau hauv no kawg? Tsis tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv lub peb hlis ntuj 1918 cov kws sau paj lug lub creation pom lub teeb, yog Ameslikas luam nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm "Lub Banner of Labor," thiab ces mus tawm raws li ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib cov ntawv qhia.

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tom qab rau yav tom ntej tiam ntawm Soviet schoolchildren "Kaum Ob tug" (BLOK paj huam), nws cov keeb kwm ntawm creation, cov dluab thiab cov zaj dabneeg yuav tsum cim, lub Bolsheviks chiv kho nws nrog suspicion. Thaj, ib yam dab tsi nyob rau hauv cov creation ntawm lub classic nyiaj hnub nyoog nws guessed nawj, yog hais tias tsis counter-revolutionary NW nyuam qhuav.

"Kuv yuav pab tau cov Antichrist?"

Txawm li cas los, txawm lub feem ntau ceev faj thiab hostile yam ntxwv rau cov paj huam ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Soviet tsoom fwv tsis tau mus rau kev sib piv nrog txoj kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub "laus" intelligentsia. Yog li ntawd, Gumilyov ncaj qha hais tias tus kws sau paj lug dosochinil xaus nrog lub Moo Zoo, tus "tau txais kev pab qhov ua rau ntawm lub Antichrist." Poet tshaj tawm hais tias ib tug neeg ntxeev siab, thiab Kolchak thaum lub sij hawm sib tham nrog Vyacheslav Ivanov, seb puas nyob rau jest, seb tiag npaj siab mus dai lub tsev, thaum cov dawb troops rov qab los muaj hwj chim (tab sis yog cov neeg ntawm lub yav tas qhov tseeb yog debatable). Peb kuj paub tias Akhmatova tsis kam noj ib feem nyob rau hauv kev sau ntawv rau yav tsaus ntuj, yog tias muaj yuav nyeem ib tug paj huam BLOK. Los ntawm txoj kev, lub kws sau paj lug rau nws tus kheej tsis tshua hais lus nrog rau kev nyeem ntawv ntawm "Lub Kaum Ob tug". Qhov no ua hauj lwm nrog nws tus poj niam - yog heev tsis muaj hmoo, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg.

Lub ironic tshaj plaws yog ...

Tej sharply tsis zoo xyuas los ntawm critics yuav to taub: "Kaum Ob tug," BLOK paj huam, cov dab neeg uas cov creation ntawm lub neej tshiab thiab lub xeev nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw ntawm lub qub zog ntawm Guj kuj, hu ua lub intelligentsia heev apprehension. Ib feem ntawm cov masters ntawm artistic qhia yog tseem tshuav nyob rau sab ntawm lub kws sau paj lug thiab sim muab nws tus kheej los txhais ntawm nws creation. Yog li ntawd, Viktor Shklovsky, yog ib tus thawj rau daim ntawv ceeb toom cov peculiarity ntawm style creation Bloc, txuas nws nrog tus ntawm lub nrov Lavxias teb sab singer Savoyarova cov sij hawm. Nyob rau qhov no feature, los ntawm txoj kev, thiab muaj Bunin - albeit nyob rau hauv ib tug tsis zoo lub ntsiab lus teb, hu rau chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kws sau paj lug lub vulgar.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm lub paj huam "12" twb nrog grandiose txheej xwm, uas tsis ntev tuaj mus rau tsis muaj nuj nqis. Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, lub suab nrov rau lub Bloc tuaj ib ominous silence. Nws yuav luag tsis sau kwv huam, muaj ntau yam ntawm nws lub tswv yim tseem yuav nyob unfulfilled. Cov kev tuag ntawm cov tswv yim no ua nyob rau hauv kev tuag ntawm lub cev: lub kws sau paj lug tsis tau ciaj sia 1921. Lus xaiv tau nws uas delirious ua ntej nws tuag nws xav, yog li nws yog nyob rau hluav taws kub nws lub ntsiab creation - cov paj huam "12". Keeb kwm ntawm creation, luv luv analyzed nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm, thiab muaj siab zoo siab lub Bloc txog cov hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm ob peb contradict no qhov tseeb. Raws li zoo raws li cov lus tim khawv ntawm lub kws sau paj lug khiav mus rau ib tug zoo dua lub ntiaj teb no.