Lavxias teb sab hav iav. Qhov loj tshaj Lavxias teb sab hav iav

Hav iav. Hnov lo lus no, coob leej xav ib inexplicable ntshai. Scary xav txog tej yam yuav ua li cas ntau lub neej tau absorbed qhov tsaus ntuj nti hav iav them nrog pos huab. Los ntawm lub sij hawm rau lub sij hawm lawv cov sparkle teeb nthawv flammable roj. Nws tsis ntseeg tias nyob muaj frights, Aqueous thiab lwm yam kab? Hav iav Russia - ib tug tshwj xeeb lub ntsiab. Lawv muaj nyob thoob plaws peb loj heev lub teb chaws. Thiab cov legends ntawm cov neeg taug kev ib tug ntau. Peb yuav saib qhov chaw uas sawv dej (lawv yog cov uas tsis muaj-lying, nraum, nyob rau nees) los ntawm ces kaum sib txawv.

Secret sau cranberries

Hav iav Russia, Niam Russia: noo, huv cua, abundance ntawm yoov tshaj cum bloodsuckers, horseflies. Nyob rau hauv lub qub hnub nws twb xav tias: qhov no yog ib qhov chaw mus socialize nrog cov ntsujplig phem. Los ntawm cov legends peb paub tias cov neeg uas los ntawm tiam mus rau tiam tau txais los ntawm lawv cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm daim card paub (mages thiab sorcerers), retreated mus rau tim lub ces kaum rau cov khawv koob rituals. Tej zaum nws yog. Muaj kuj yog ib lub tswv yim hais tias witches yog muab kev koom tes nyob rau hauv sau ntawm medicinal nroj tsuag. Raws li yog lub npe hu, lub marshes ntau ntau: rosemary, cranberries, cloudberries, hops, thiab lwm yam series.

Muaj ntau ib qho nyuaj rau xav txog tej yam yuav ua li cas koj yuav ua lub tuam tsev nyob rau hauv ib cov chaw? Tiam sis muaj lub siab tawv txiv neej. Xaiv daim av qhuav, tsa tsev thiab whiled deb lub xyoo ntawm kev noj cov tsiaj qus ua si thiab berries. Vim li cas rau ntsoos ntsoos los ntawm lub ntiaj teb no feem ntau piav heev prosaic: ib co hermits tau nkaum los ntawm lawv cov yeeb ncuab, cov lwm yam - los ntawm kev raug txim ntawm txoj cai lij choj ceev xwm. Ke paub xwb raug xaiv mus rau lub tswv.

Hlwb, nws taug kev mus thoob Russia (piv txwv li, los ntawm tus ciam teb ntawm lub Baltic lub xeev, Ukraine, Belarus rau Kamchatka), peb nrhiav tau: swamps qhov txhia chaw. Paaj ib puag ncig rau lawv tshwm sim yog suav tias yog ib tug nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm dej nyob rau hauv cov huab cua thiab tshwm sim los ntawm ntiav underground dej (nqhuab). Tej yam ntxwv txawv siab thiab tsis kub tsis txias latitudes ntawm sab qaum teb Hemisphere.

Ib puas Lavxias teb sab Wonderland

Hav dej nyob rau hauv Eastern Siberia thiab Far East nyob rau hauv lub qhov ncauj ntawm heev swampy. Disastrous tej qhov chaw nplua nuj tundra, permafrost khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg uas tabkaum dej infiltrate rau hauv av. Marshes nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb ntawm Russia spectacular.

Western Siberia yog hu ua cov feem ntau swampy cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Cia li xav txog tej yam lub scale: ntau tshaj 570 kilometers, lawv yog twv los ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb thiab tshaj 300 kilometers ntawm lub hnub poob mus rau sab hnub tuaj. Vasyugan rau lub tiaj ntawm tus dej ntws OB thiab Irtysh muaj Vasyuganskoye hav iav. Lawv muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev cov "A Pua Cov kev xav ntawm Russia". Lub cheeb tsam ntawm 53 sq. M. km (loj tshaj lub teb chaws ntawm ib co European lub teb chaws).

Tab sis tsis muaj teeb meem li cas unfit rau tib neeg lub neej tej zaum yuav zoo li cov hav iav, lawv muaj ib tug enormous ecological tseem ceeb rau lub cheeb tsam, raws li ua biosphere zog (accumulative, lom, mezhkrugovorotnuyu).

Pab cov Ice Age

Square Faib West Siberian swamps yog lossis loj: 1700 kilometers ntawm sab qaum teb mus rau sab qab teb, thiab cov tib los ntawm sab hnub tuaj mus rau sab hnub poob (nrog ib tug ob peb cuam tshuam). Ntawm no yog feeb meej tshaj ib tug peb lub hlis twg ntawm lub ntiaj teb peat deposits. Los ntawm heev swampy cheeb tsam ntawm lub European ib feem muaj xws li Karelia (30% feem pua ntawm lub teb chaws, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw mus txog rau 70%) thiab cov Kola ceg av qab teb.

Ua ntej koj yuav tau tsim cov hav iav (Russia, raws li peb tau kawm, lawv tsis tuav) saum toj no cov av ib tug zoo txoj hauj lwm glaciers, tsim toj roob hauv pes ntawm dov toj, interspersed nrog lowlands (tag nrho cov ancient hiav txwv hauv qab). Waterlogging pib txog kaum los yog kaum ob txhiab xyoo dhau los. Thaum saib ntawm lub bird's-lub qhov muag saib, nws nkawd hais tias lub flimsy chaw intertwine nyob rau hauv txawv txawv lace, kev cob cog rua rau txhua lwm yam peat canals.

Cov compound tshwm sim raws li nram no: tawg nyem depressions maj sau nrog tuab tsob nroj seem humus thiab nkag tawm, lub khob noom cookie tawm ntawm lub lauj kaub, phiajcim ua ke. Qhov no hom yog hu ua Karelian marshes.

Ryamy thiab homestead

Loj tracts ntawm hav zoov lub ntug ntawm cov hav iav yog twb ob thiab ib tug ib nrab txhiab xyoo. Thiab niaj hnub no lawv yog expanding, occupying lub teb chaws ntawm tus dej ntws, dej terraces thiab dej nyab nras. Cov npe ntawm cov chaw nyob rau hauv lub qub hnub, tau tuaj mus nrog ib tug ntau.

Noj, piv txwv li, ryamy round los yog me ntsis dawb, overgrown nrog lov tas vau thiab hav zoov. Muaj ntau ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv lub taiga chaw nyob rau hauv sab qab teb ntawm Western Siberia. Lawv diverge zoo li ib tug kiv cua, kab txaij ntawm txawv widths (ntawm 100 meters mus rau ob peb kilometers). Vim kev twb kev txuas cov ntsiab lus, cov ceg tsim nws kim heev.

Muaj ntau ntawm lub rooj sib hais thiab lub npe raws li ib tug Zaymische. li ntawd, feem ntau hu ua hav iav overgrown nrog reeds. Lavxias teb sab hav zoov thiab swamps yog zoo txuas. Muaj swamps nyob rau hauv lag ntseg feem ntau. Cov neeg - Tesa. Hav iav hav zoov nyob rau hauv lub tiaj - Udall. Xeem theem ntawm waterlogging - pelts.

Lake yuav cov hav iav

West-Siberian swamps muaj loj loj reserves ntawm dej, xam yuav luag ib txhiab nyhav kilometers. Mighty OB xyoo ua nyob rau hauv Kara hiav txwv yog 2.5 lub sij hawm tsawg! Nws tsis yog li ntawd peatlands loj hlob los ntawm lub xyoo mus rau xyoo. Vasyuganskoye marshes loj loj, tab sis muaj lwm yam zoo kawg hav iav Russia: Tyuguryukskoe (Altai), Grand (Vologda), thiab lwm tus neeg.

Nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws, ib tug ntau ntawm cov pas dej. Kaw reservoirs ze li ntawm peb lab. Qhov tseem deepest pas dej Baikal (1620 meters). Txawm nyob rau hauv lub Soviet Union txhua schoolboy paub hais tias nws muaj ib nrab ntawm peb cov dej tshiab. Lake muab tso unevenly.

Nws yog nyob ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb. Firstly, los ntawm lub geological qauv. Tab sis ib qho tseem ceeb raws li nyem, kev nyab xeeb, ntawm dab tsi deb ntawm lub ntiaj teb nto dag nqhuab thiab thiaj li nyob. D. qhov twg yog kev nyab xeeb qhuav, tus nqi ntawm cov pas dej tsawg. Inland pas dej uas tau sau nrog hais ntawm av, loj hlob ntiav. Yog hais tias koj tsis saib xyuas ntawm lawv, lawv tej zaum yuav heev tib qhov chaw nyob qhov twg lub frights nyob. Txawm hais tias nws yuav zoo li raws li kev cob cog rua cov pas dej thiab swamps Lavxias teb sab (thiab tsis tau tsuas yog nws)?

Muaj ntau soj ntsuam ntawm hais tias cov hav iav hmoo tos thiab lub Volga dej, tus nqi uas tom qab kev tsim kho ntawm cascade hydropower nroj tsuag (thiab lwm tus txiv neej-ua ua) dramatically tub ceevxwm, self-tu disrupted. Yog hais tias qhov teeb meem tau kov ib tug kuj zoo kawg thiab xiav cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub ntiaj teb, ib tug yuav xav txog tej yam txoj hmoo ntawm tus me dej thiab pas dej. Raws li peb twb paub, tus uas twb muaj lawm morass (swamps) Russia yog tseem tsim maj.

Ua Amur cheeb tsam

Mus rau sab hnub tuaj ntawm lub Yenisei-txiv marshes yog tsis yog li ntawd ntau npaum li cas. Eastern Siberia yog them nrog lawv xwb kaum feem pua. Feem ntau cov chaw - yog lowland nyob rau nram hav (nrog rau cov Central Yakut, loj heev marshy nras Indigirka thiab North Siberian, nyob puag uas dag lub Khatanga kev nyuaj siab). Nws muaj feem xyuam permafrost. Vim hais tias ntawm cov uas tsis muaj peevxwm humus (peat) yog ua thiab sau tsis tshua muaj neeg maj mam. Lub thickness ntawm cov txheej uas twb muaj lawm tsuas yog ib 'meter', txawm tias muaj yog qhov chaw uas nws yog mus txog rau 5 meters. Qhov no yog qhov legacy ntawm cov sij hawm thaum txoj kev nyab xeeb yog sov so.

Nyob rau hauv lub Far East, dhau lawm, yuav cov hav iav hauv lub floodplains ntawm niam dej loj. Amur Oblast - tus thawj coj (uas lawv cov concentrated mus txog 36 feem pua). Lub tsib yog ib feem ntawm lub marshes tsis tau lawm ntawm tag nrho cov. Muaj Quagmirran: rau sab saum toj txheej ntawm peat thiab raus rau hauv dej reservoir. Nraum pom tau hais tias Kamchatka (nyob rau hauv kev lub Okhotsk ntug dej hiav txwv) thiab Sakhalin.