Koj puas nco qab vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug scale?

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau kos rau ntawm daim ntawv tej khoom, uas nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag yog tsis heev "xis" loj, cov neeg tau los nrog rau teev. Nruj me ntsis hais lus, qhov no qhia txog yog vim li cas muaj ib tug scale.

Thaum cov ntaub ntawv kawm pib mus qhia lub tswvyim ntawm scale

Rau cov thawj lub sij hawm cov me nyuam muaj kev nyuaj siab no lo lus thaum kawm maps thiab qhov chaw pab them nqi. Xib Fwb qhia txog yog vim li cas muaj ib tug scale, nws qhia tau hais tias ib qho piv txwv ntawm atlases. Nws tau piav hais tias tej thaj kwv yog thiaj li loj hais tias nws cov duab nyob rau hauv ntuj loj yuav tsis yooj yim thiab xis nyob. Cov neeg nqus tau cheeb tsam nyob rau hauv ib tug txo daim ntawv no, tab sis nws tsis siv tej yam pes tsawg kev sib raug zoo. nws yog tam sim no ntau tsim nyog - thiab txhua khiav ceev kab muaj nyob rau ntawm daim ntawv qhia, yog ib tug loj uas yuav khoo los ntawm ib tug tej yam muaj pes tsawg tus thiab tau paub qhov tseeb ntev thiab dav.

Cov ntaub ntawv teev: thawj txoj kev ntawm yuav ua li cas nyeem

Lub scale yog qhia los ntawm ob tug zauv sau los ntawm ib tug nyuv. Tus thawj tug lej qhia tias dimension ntawm lub tsev nyob rau hauv daim duab, tus thib ob qhia tias pes tsawg chav nyob hauv tiag tiag daim duab sau raws nkaus Ii mus rau tus thawj xov tooj. Piv txwv li, yog tias tej kev txiav txim muab lub scale ntawm 1: 1000, thiab qhov loj ntawm lub chav tsev yog muab nyob rau hauv centimeters, ces ib tug centimeter nyob rau hauv daim duab sau raws nkaus Ii 1000 cm nyob rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Nws hloov tawm hais tias dab tsi yog yuav tsum tau teev? Nws yuav pab tau koj tsis tau tsuas yog txo cov kev khoom nyob rau ib graphical theem, tab sis tseem meej xam lawv tiag tiag loj.

Qhov thib ob hom ntawm cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv scale: qhov ntau yooj yim?

Cov yav tas los txoj kev teev cov teev los ntawm cov nyuv hu ua xov tooj. Tab sis muaj kuj yog ib tug muaj npe tau. Nws cov ntaub ntawv yog raws li nram no: 1 cm - 20 km. Nws hloov tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv no txoj kev muaj peev xwm yuav sau compactly loj loj scale uas yuav tsis tau qhia los ntawm tus xov tooj uas muaj ntau hom zeros yog hais tias muaj yog ib tug teeb meem uas koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej ib centimeter ib ob peb puas kilometers. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no sai li sai tau kom meej yuav ua li cas, zoo li cas thiab yog vim li cas. No nkag ntau intuitive thiab meej.

Scaling nyob rau hauv lub drafting: lub tswvyim yog complemented yav dhau los cov kev tshawb fawb

Nrog lub tswvyim ntawm scale ces yuav tsum tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv geography, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no ntawm xws li ib tug kev kawm raws li duab. Siv tib cov txheej txheem rau cov dluab ntawm ntau yam khoom. Tab sis muaj suschstvennoe txawv: ntawm no lub tswvyim ntawm yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau teev txhab los ntawm lub fact tias nws muaj peev xwm yuav siv tau los sawv cev rau qhov chaw me me ntawm loj. Lub geography ntawm no hais lus tsis mus, vim hais tias muaj yog li ntawd me npaum li cas nyob rau hauv cov khoom geography, yog qhov yuav tsum tau rau kom lawv. Continents thiab roob, tej dej thiab pas dej muaj nyob rau hauv txhua rooj plaub ntau tshaj li qhov ntawv loj los xij ntawm A4 los yog A1.

Kawm ntawm daim duab, koj siv tau cov teev los sawv cev rau ib tug loj hauv daim ntawv ntawm qhov tsawg tshaj plaws cov ntsiab lus, xws li ntsia liaj qhov rooj los yog cov ntsia hlau. Yog li ntawd, yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau teev nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no? Siv nws ntau yooj yim rau sawv cev rau lub me me khoom kom meej meej thiab nyob rau hauv kom meej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, cov lus rov tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv: thawj tus xov tooj yog siab tshaj lub thib ob, thiab sau 100: 1 yuav sound kwv yees li raws li nram no: 100 units ntawm daim duab metric hnov mus rau ib chav tsev ntawm tiag tiag loj.

Ib tug ob peb tshe piv txwv

Vim li cas kuv xav tau ib tug scale hais tias nws qhia tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus me khoom duab, uas yog tau raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm rau ntawm daim ntawv? Ib zaug ntxiv, peb muaj lub caij nyoog piv ntawm cov duab kev nthuav dav thiab qhov tiag luaj li cas ntawm cov khoom. Cia peb nco ntsoov tib scale ntawm 100: 1. Nws hloov tawm hais tias ib tug puas millimeters nyob rau hauv daim duab no tsuas yog ib millimeter ntawm tiag tiag loj. Yog hais tias lub dav ntawm tej qhov chaw ntawm lub cev ntawm 500 millimeters, nws tiag tiag dav ntawm cia li 5 millimeters.

Yog hais tias peb nco qab thawj cov ntaub ntawv, ib tug duab nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv ntawm ib daim ntawv ntawm ib tug loj tus kwv, tus scale of 1: 100 yuav txhais hais tias ib tug millimeter ntawm daim duab muaj 100 millimeters tseeb qhov ntev. Tag nrho cov, Yog hais tias qhov ntev ntawm cov kwv yog 80 mm nyob rau hauv lub nqus los yog daim ntawv qhia, nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tus kwv ntev yog 8000 millimeters. Ib tug piv txwv zoo yog vim li cas peb yuav tsum tau ib tug scale thiab ib tug yooj yim tsim muaj rau noob neej.

Qhov loj tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv lub siv ntawm lub scale - qhov no yog cia li mus nco ntsoov hais tias cov thawj xov tooj hais txog rau cov duab, thiab lub thib ob - mus rau lub sij luaj li cas ntawm cov khoom. Yuav kom ntxiv tsis txhob tsis meej pem, rau qhov consolidation ntawm cov me nyuam yaus nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv muaj cai tswv yim zaj lus qhia geography, rau cov me nyuam ob peb lub sij hawm los mus piav qhia thiab xam tus nqi ntawm cov real-lub ntiaj teb no tej khoom nrog rau cov kev pab los ntawm Atlas. Cov tib yam tshwm sim nyob rau duab qhia.

Yuav kom saib lub ntsab lug

Yog vim li cas qhov yuav tsum tau rau scale? Lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no muaj peb yam uas koj cia li yuav tsum nco ntsoov:

• Tus thawj - lub scale tsim nyog rau cov duab loj loj khoom rau ib tug xis saib nto.
• Qhov thib ob - tus scale yuav tsum tau mus sawv cev rau tej khoom me me ntawm ib lub loj loj.
• Peb - scale uas yuav tsum tau yuav tsum tau los yog txiav txim tiag tiag luaj li cas ntawm cov kwv, tsis hais txog ntawm nws pib loj, me, me me los loj.