Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin: biography, illustrations thiab paintings ntawm tus artist

Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub lem ntawm lub xyoo pua, los ua nto moo raws li ib tug neeg pleev kob, kws kos duab, zoo tswv ntawm theatrical scenery. Nws tsim nws tus kheej style nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm, uas yog heev fond ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib thiab pom muaj ntau xyaum nquag li. Txoj hmoo ntawm no zoo kawg nkaus tswv thiab nws exquisite legacy nyob rau hauv kos duab yeej ib txwm nyob twj ywm rau kev tsom xam ntawm cov niaj hnub civilized txiv neej.

pib ntawm txoj kev

Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin yug 4 (16) nyob rau hauv lub yim hli ntuj 1876 nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm Tarkhovka uas nyob ze St. Petersburg. Cov pog koob yawg koob ntawm cov artist - paub Kaluga tub txawj tub ntse, nto moo rau patronage thiab ib tug cus ciav txaus siab nyob rau hauv txoj hmoo ntawm lub fatherland. Cov artist txiv, Yakov Ivanovich Bilibin yog cov tub rog thiab lub nkoj tus kws kho mob, ces lub taub hau ntawm lub tsev kho mob thiab cov kev kho mob soj ntsuam ntawm lub Imperial Fleet, koom nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab-Turkish tsov rog. Leej Txiv xav kom nws tus tub mus yuav ib tug kws lij choj, thiab tus hluas Ivan Bilibin, kawm tiav rau xyoo nrog ib tug silver puav pheej los ntawm high school, cuv npe kawm nyob rau ntawm St. Petersburg University txoj cai tus kws qhia ntawv.

Nws kawm tus tub hluas nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntseeg zoo, tau mus kawm rau tag nrho cov chav kawm ntawm lectures, defended nws thesis. Tab sis tom ntej no rau qhov no yog heev cov tswv yim thiab kev cai lij choj sulivshey ci ntsa iab yav tom ntej prospect ib txwm nyob lwm npau suav. Nws yog ib tug me nyuam nrog ib tug mob siab rau kos. Nrog rau nws kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Bilibin nws kawm qhov kev kawm ntawm painting thiab yog nqus ntawm lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm teeb duab OPH (Society rau txhawb of Arts). Kaum yim lub hlis tom qab, nws coj cov chav kawm nyob rau hauv lub private kos duab lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm lub Austro-Hungarian cov neeg pleev kob Anton Ažbe nyob rau hauv Munich. Nws yog ntawm no tias txoj kev tshawb ntawm daim duab txuas tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb thiab tsim nyob rau hauv cov menyuam kawm ntawv muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav tau ib tug neeg artistic style. Tom tsev Bilibin kawm nyuaj nyob rau hauv lub studio ntawm painting coj los los sis Repina.

nyiam lub npe

Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm txoj kev tshawb Bilibina lub Siab Art Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm lub Academy of Arts, qhov twg tus tub hluas muab Repin, muaj ib tug exhibition ntawm Viktor Vasnetsov, uas tau sau nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb romantic ncees rau Lavxias teb sab myths xwb thiab fairy tales. Muaj ntau viewers ntawm lub exhibition twb nto moo nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm peb ntxias. Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich yog cov lawv. Vasnetsov lub chaw ua hauj lwm Vaj kub siab heev tus menyuam kawm ntawv mus rau lub plawv, nws txais tom qab hais tias nws pom ntawm no yog dab tsi subconsciously xav thiab pined rau dab tsi cov nws tus plig.

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1899-1902 Lavxias teb sab ntoj ke mus kawm tua tsoom fwv kev nyab xeeb muab phau ntawv series, nruab nrog zoo heev piv txwv txog pej xeem tales. Muaj duab duab rau fairy tales "Vasilisa lub zoo nkauj", "Dawb os", "Ivan Tsarevich thiab cov Firebird" thiab ntau lwm tus neeg. Tus neeg sau ntawm lub paintings twb teev Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich.

Illustrations rau fairy tales

Nws to taub txog lub teb chaws ntsuj plig thiab lub paj huam uas nqus pa Lavxias teb sab lus dab neeg, hloov zuj zuj xwb tsis nyob rau hauv tus ntawm ib tug vague siab rau pej xeem kos duab. Cov artist yog xav ua kom paub thiab paub cov sab ntsuj plig tivthaiv ntawm nws cov neeg, nws cov paj huam thiab lub neej. Nyob rau hauv 1899, Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin mus nyob rau hauv lub zos Egny tias nyob rau hauv lub Tver xeev, nyob rau hauv 1902, nws kawm kab lis kev cai thiab ethnography ntawm lub Vologda xeev, ib xyoos tom qab, cov artist xyuas Olonets thiab Arkhangelsk xeev. Los ntawm kev mus kawm Bilibin coj ib tug sau ntawm tej hauj lwm ntawm pej xeem ntxias, ntoo architecture photography.

Nws impressions tau nyob rau hauv journalistic tej hauj lwm thiab kev tshawb fawb txog pej xeem kos duab, architecture thiab lub teb chaws costume. Txawm ntau fruitful sij hawm ntawm cov mus ua si tau ua thawj ua hauj lwm Bilibin, uas twb tshwm sim ib tug mob siab rau tus tswv lub sij hawm thiab ib tug tshwj xeeb heev style. Nyob rau hauv Bilibin nyob ob ci ntsa iab tej txuj ci - soj ntsuam thiab artist, thiab ib tug lwm yam khoom plig pub. Ivan Yakovlevich ua tib zoo ua hauj lwm tawm lub ntsiab lus, tsis yog lub hom phiaj rau lawv tus kheej yuav tsum tau cuav nyob rau hauv tej ib khiav ceev.

Cov tseem ntawm style

Yuav ua li cas yog li ntawd txawv los ntawm nws yam ntawm lwm yam nyuab Bilibin Ivan Yakovlevich? Diam duab ntawm nws zoo kawg nkaus thiab zoo siab xyiv fab ua hauj lwm pab peb to taub nws. Nyob rau ib daim ntawm daim ntawv peb pom ib tug ntshiab duab patterned Circuit Court, tau nrog lub utmost kev nthuav dav thiab whimsical watercolor palette brightened lub feem ntau zoo siab xim. Nws piv txwv txog tus epics thiab tales ntawm amazing ntsiab lus, ciaj sia, poetic thiab tsis yog tsis muaj kev lom zem.

Kev saib xyuas ntawm lub keeb kwm cia siab rau ntawm cov duab, uas yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov nuj nqis nyob rau hauv lub costume paub meej, architecture, tais diav, tus tswv muaj peev xwm los tsim ib qho chaw ntawm cov khawv koob thiab mysterious kev zoo nkauj. Qhov no yog heev ze rau tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub tswv yim kev koom "World of Art" Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin, uas nws biography yog zoo nrog cov pab pawg neeg ntawm ntxias txuam. Lawv tag nrho cov intermarried paj nyob rau hauv lub kab lis kev cai ntawm yav dhau los, entailing mus rau lub charms ntawm antiquity.

Xaav ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv cov duab

Los ntawm 1907 mus 1911 Bilibin tsim ib tug series ntawm lus piv txwv txog unsurpassed epics thiab fairy poetic tej hauj lwm Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina. Ntawm no delightful thiab exquisite duab mus rau lub "taleas ntawm lub Golden Cockerel" thiab "Lub taleas ntawm Tsar Saltan". Illustrations tau ua tsis yog ib tug ntxiv, tab sis ib tug continuation ntawm cov lus tej hauj lwm, uas, tsis muaj tsis ntseeg, nyeem cov tswv ntsuj plig Bilibin.

Tub huabtais Ivan thiab lub Qav, uas hais mus rau cov ntxhais fuabtais, Hnab ntawm cov pob txha thiab Yaga, Ilya Muromets thiab Nightingale tus tub sab, Elena lub Fair, Churila Plenkovich, Svyatogor - yuav ua li cas muaj ntau yam heroes muaj lub plawv thiab "revived" rau ib daim ntawm daim ntawv Ivan Ya!

Folk kos duab tau nthuav tswv ib co tricks: ornamental thiab bast txoj kev mus tsim artistic chaw uas Bilibin coj nyob rau hauv lawv tej hauj lwm kom zoo.

Kev ua ub no nyob rau hauv luam

Ivan Bilibin ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug artist thiab nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv Magazine ntawm lub sij hawm. Nws tsim masterpieces ntawm printing tshaj pab npaum li cas rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov kev lag luam thiab nws cov kev taw qhia mus rau hauv nrov kab lis kev cai. Ib tsab ntawm "neeg nyeem ntawv Room", "Lub Golden Chais ya cov plaub", "Art Treasures ntawm Russia" thiab lwm tus neeg tsis tau ua li tsis muaj elegant thiab tuav vignettes, wallpapers, phua ntiag thiab Bilibina zog.

Ntiaj teb lub koob meej

Lavxias teb sab craftsmen kab kos los ua lub npe hu txawv teb chaws. Lawv qhia nyob miv nyob rau hauv Prague thiab Paris, Venice thiab Berlin, Vienna, Brussels thiab Leipzig. Lawv reprinted txawv teb chaws cov phau ntawv Magazine, thiab txawv teb chaws theaters kom Bilibin lub sketches rau stagecraft.

satirical drawings

Nyob rau hauv 1905 tuaj lub thawj Lavxias teb sab kiv puag ncig. Raws li feem ntau ntawm cov kev txawj ntse, Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin nrog kev tshoov siab xav txhawb nqa pawg. Nyob rau hauv lub satirical magazine "Bugbear" thiab "ntuj raug txim-mail" nyob tas luav artist. Nws ua rau lom zem heev sketches, ridiculing tus huab tais txoj kev ua hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv number case thiab nyob rau hauv nws nto moo fairy taleas style thim ib tug loj loj daim duab ntawm King Peas, khav towering tshaj nws kawm. Thaum lub sij hawm lub revolutionary paintings cov artist txawm puas tau raug ntes rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm nees nkaum plaub teev.

scenery thiab watercolor tswv

Bilibin lub hauj lwm raws li ib tug neeg sau pib nrog lub theatrical scenery ntawm kev koom tes nrog rau cov Paris National Theatre, uas tau muab nws ib tug txiav txim rau cov sketches mus rau lub opera los ntawm Rimsky-Korsakov lub "Daus leej". Ces muaj cov poob lawm rau productions nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg thiab Moscow. Cov kev vam meej ntawm lub opera los ntawm Rimsky-Korsakov lub "Lub Golden Cockerel" nyob rau hauv Moscow yog vim nyob rau hauv tsis muaj me me ib feem cov zoo kawg li xav tsis thoob scenery, tsim los ntawm ib tug tswv txhais tes. Bilibin ua sketches ntawm costumes rau Mussorgsky lub "Boris Godunov" thiab lus Mev costumes rau cov ua yeeb yam ntawm Calderon lub "St. Patrick lub Purgatory," thiab kuj mus rau lub comedy ntawm Lopé de Vega tus "Yaj qhov twg los". Cov artist skillfully tsim style ntawm ib tug Diaghilev tus neeg dhia tes.

Kaum xyoo, txij li thaum 1907, Bilibin qhia graphics rau ntawm lub Society rau txhawb of Arts tsev kawm ntawv. Tom qab ib tug mus txawv tebchaws los hais thiab Ireland Ivan Y. "mob" scenery. Nws tas sau watercolor hiav txwv, ntuj thiab hnyav British ntug dej hiav txwv. Rocky thiab seascapes cov artist ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Crimea, uas mus txhua txhua lub caij ntuj sov.

Revolutionary upheavals, mus txawv teb chaws

Nyob rau hauv Lub ob hlis ntuj 1917 ib tug kiv puag ncig tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Russia. Ivan Yakovlevich coj nws. Nws txawm tsim ib qho sketch nrog ob npaug rau-taws dav dawb hau, uas yog crowned nrog lub tsho tiv no ntawm caj npab hauv lub Daim Ntawv Government, thiab ntau npaum li cas tom qab tau siv rau minting npib.

Lub kaum hli ntuj kiv puag ncig tsis ua siab artist. Nyob rau hauv 1920 nws sab laug rau txawv teb chaws los ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm Novorossiysk thiab twb tuaj nyob rau hauv Iyi tebchaws. Ntawm no Bilibin twb destined rau nyob rau plaub lub xyoos.

Tej hauj lwm ntawm lub sij hawm no - sketches los ntawm cov mysterious thiab nyob mus ib txhis pyramids, sketches thiab sketches portraits ntawm lub inhabitants ntawm Cairo.

Nyob rau hauv lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm 1925 Ivan Yakovlevich mus rau Paris thiab pib mus ua hauj lwm koom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, piv txwv Lavxias teb sab, Western thiab Eastern fairy taleas. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm txawv teb chaws Bilibin tsim zoo designs rau icons thiab frescoes ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub tsev teev ntuj nyob rau hauv lub Olsany tojntxas nyob hauv Prague.

Lub xyoo caum ntawm 1920-1930 xyoo Ivan Yakovlevich fruitfully thiab ntse ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm theatrical productions ua drawings mus rau lub opera lub caij ntawm lub ua yeeb yam Champs Elysees, nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub entreprise «Lavxias teb sab opera nyob rau hauv Paris," tau tsim txawv txawv designs rau Stravinsky tus neeg dhia tes "Lub Firebird."

rov qab

Lub neej nyob rau hauv exile yog nplua nuj thiab dawb, tab sis cov artist tsis tawm loj hlob longing rau Russia. Thaum lub sij hawm nws yeem exile, nws yeej tsis coj ib tug txawv teb chaws yog neeg Amelikas thiab coj Soviet pej xeem nyob rau hauv 1935. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws tau tsim ib tug monumental vaj huam sib luag "Mikula Selyaninovich" rau hauv lub tsev ntawm lub Soviet embassy nyob rau hauv lub Fabkis capital. Ib xyoo tom qab, cov artist thiab nws tsev neeg rov qab mus rau lawv teb chaws. Bilibin twb loj hlob cus plaws greeted los ntawm lub tshiab tsoom fwv thiab los ua ib tug xib fwb ntawm cov duab Rhiav ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Painting, puab, Architecture Academy of Arts nyob rau hauv Leningrad. Nws tsis tau tawm hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm phau ntawv graphics.

Cov naas ej neeg pleev kob , tuag nyob rau hauv lub siege ntawm Leningrad nyob rau hauv 1942 los ntawm starvation thiab raug faus nyob rau hauv ib tug loj lub ntxa ib tug xib fwb ntawm lub Smolensk toj ntxas.

Otchetliv thiab kaj khiav uas tshuav nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb kos duab amazing Lavxias teb sab artist Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin. Paintings, murals, graphics thiab lwm yam inspiring nws creativity kuaj yog muab yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov pej xeem thiab private collections. Lawv kho cov halls "ntawm Lavxias teb sab khaws puav pheej" nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, yog tshaaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev ua yeeb yam tsev cia puav pheej. Bakhrushin nyob rau hauv Moscow, Kiev Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Lavxias teb sab Art, nyob rau hauv London lub Victoria thiab Albert Museum, nyob rau hauv Paris National Gallery nyob rau hauv Oxford Ashmolean Tsev khaws puav pheej thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.