Income elasticity ntawm kev thov thiab nws tus yam ntxwv

Lub elasticity ntawm kev thov nyiaj khwv tau los sawv cev rau lub dependence ntawm kev thov hloov nyob rau hauv kev yuav khoom lub hwj chim. Qhov no qhia zoo nyob rau hauv tej yam nyob rau hauv kev muag khoom volume ntawm ib tug zoo.

Income elasticity ntawm kev thov yog nyob rau hauv ob peb cov ntaub ntawv:

- Tsis zoo - assumes ib txo nyob rau hauv cov theem ntawm kev thov los ntawm kev ua cov nyiaj khwv tau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, muaj ib tug rov qab sib raug zoo ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab nyiaj ua hauj lwm.

- Zoo - qhia tau hais tias thaum cov nyiaj khwv tau nce, qhov kev thov kev loj hlob.

- Xoom - qhia tias cov volume ntawm kev muag khoom tsis hloov nrog ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj hli.

Los ntawm qhov tsis zoo elasticity ntawm daim ntawv no muaj xws li tsis muaj-zoo khoom rau qhov zoo - yuav luag tag nrho cov qub cov khoom, xws li khoom kim heev. Xoom elasticity yog yooj yim necessities khoom (khaub ncaws, khoom noj khoom haus, thiab lwm yam).

Income elasticity ntawm kev thov thiab txiav txim seb qhov feem pua tej zaum yuav hloov qhov kev thov nrog ib qho kev nce (thawj) nyob rau hauv cov neeg cov nyiaj tau los los ntawm 1%. Nyob rau ntau lub teb chaws, nyiaj ua hauj lwm kev loj hlob txhawb cov neeg mus yuav cov khoom nyob txawv muaj ntau seem. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws nrog advanced kev tuav nyiaj txiaj, qhov kev thov rau cov khoom kim heev cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv tsim lub teb chaws, tau txais kev pab yuav Tshuag li on check khoom. Kev tshawb fawb kuj pom tau tias cov elasticity ntawm kev thov nyob rau hauv nruab nrab theem ntawm cov nyiaj khwv tau nyob rau hauv lub xeev. Piv txwv li, kev muag khoom rau yam yog siab thaum uas tsis muaj nyiaj hli. Tab sis, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov nyiaj khwv tau qhia tawm ntawm cov zaub mov nqi pib tsis kam.

Nqe elasticity ntawm kev thov thiab tau nyiaj kuj nyob rau ntawm lub social pab pawg neeg. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg uas tsis muaj nyiaj hli feem ntau ntawm nws siv nyob rau hauv cov khoom xws li qos yaj ywm, mov, mis nyuj, uas yog ntawm qhov tseem ceeb npas. No pab pawg neeg, cov nyiaj pab no yog tseem ceeb heev, thiab tej zaum kuj txawm ib tug nplua nuj. Cov neeg uas muaj siab khwv tau nyiaj siv ib tug ntau ntawm cov nqaij, ntses, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub. Rau lawv, qos yaj ywm thiab ncuav - cov no yog cov zoo tib yam khoom uas hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm tau yooj yim yuav txhua txhua hnub. Tus tom ntej ya ntawm cov pejxeem yog txawm ntau dua cov nyiaj tau los, ces nws yuav siv nws nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom tsis zoo, xws li kab txawv txiv hmab txiv ntoo, mus tsham teb chaws, purchase ntawm cov khoom, thiab lwm yam Rau lawv, qos yaj ywm thiab ncuav - cov khoom ntawm ib tug qis txiav txim.

Kev tshawb fawb tau paub tseeb tias tus loj dua cov qhia tawm ntawm cov nyiaj khwv tau ntawm cov pejxeem siv rau cov khoom noj, cov sab hais tias. Tam sim no nyob rau hauv Russia, ntau tshaj 70% ntawm cov pejxeem tsuas muaj peev xwm tsis tau raws li lawv cov kev xav tau kev pab rau khoom. Thiab ib tug lossis loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg uas nyob hauv qab no qhov kev txom nyem txoj kab.

Lub coefficient ntawm elasticity ntawm kev thov nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj tau los rau feem ntau ntawm cov khoom muaj ib tug zoo nqi. Qhov no txhais tau tias nrog ib qho kev nce nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj ua hauj neeg yog pib mus yuav ntau li qub khoom. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub qis cov khoom lawv yuav tej zaum tsawg dua. Yog li, rau cov qos yaj ywm, mis nyuj thiab ncuav elasticity coefficient muaj ib tug tsis zoo nqi.

Nyob rau lub elasticity ntawm kev thov yog ob peb yam tseem ceeb cuam tshuam rau cov nyiaj khwv tau:

- Qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov zoo ntawm cov tsev neeg. Yog hais tias cov khoom muaj ib tug tseem ceeb qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj, nws yog ib tug me ntsis elasticity.

- Yog cov kev pab ntawm ib tug yuav tsum los yog ib tug nplua nuj. Yog li, khob cij muaj ib tug tsawg dua elasticity tshaj lub tshuab.

- conservatism thov. Tau txais kev pab feem ntau tsis tam sim ntawd hloov mus rau kim kim khoom. Cov neeg accustomed mus rau txuag tau nyiaj rau tej lub sij hawm yuav tsum coasting txwv koj tus kheej, thiab xwb ces pib yuav ntau zoo yam khoom thiab cov khoom.

Tsoom fwv ntawm txhua lub teb chaws yuav tsum mus nrhiav kev pab los xyuas kom meej tias cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov pejxeem yog lossi ua, tab sis nws yuav tsum tsis txhob txuam nrog cov nqi ntawm nce nqi. Ces tus txheej txheem ntawm nyob yuav ua rau kom dramatically. Lawv yuav tsum tau mus yuav high-zoo thiab nws kim heev cov khoom, thiab yog tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog lub neej yav tom ntej thiab lossi txuag.