IGMP snooping: tswvyim thiab kev pab ntawm

Yuav kom koom nyob rau hauv lub IP-o pab pawg neeg ntawm network pab kiag li lawm thiab routers siv cov IGMP raws tu qauv. Internet Group Management raws tu qauv tswj multicast (pawg) cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob tes hauj lwm. Nws yog nyob rau ntawm lub network theem thiab tus neeg computer txuas rau lub zos router mus rau kis cov ntaub ntawv nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Ces multicast tsheb raws kev coj kom lwm cov neeg muas zaub los ntawm PIM raws tu qauv. Nws txuas lub zos router rau tej thaj chaw deb. Los ntawm kev siv ntawm IGMP network kev pab ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm daim ntaub ntawv (ua si hauv internet, streaming video) yuav siv tau zoo.

Txiav txim siab rau tsheb tawm nyob rau hauv tej yam interfaces tso cai rau cov kev siv ntawm IGMP snooping muaj nuj nqi. Yuav ua li cas yog nws? Qhov no txoj kev IGMP-mus txog qhovtwg thov los ntawm kev pab (fwjchim luj kawg nkaus) rau lwm tus neeg (multicast routers).

Lub tswvyim thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm IGMP snooping

Nyob rau hauv lus Askiv cov snooping txhais tau tias "eavesdropping". Thaum tshuab txais, tus intermediate network ntaus ntawv (router los yog ntaus ntawv) pib rau kev tsom xam cov kis ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv packets nqa ntawm tus thov kev pab computers kev cob cog rua thereto, thiab routers, delivering multicast tsheb. Thaum tau tebchaws qhov kev thov rau kev twb kev txuas yog hloov qhov chaw nres nkoj kev cob cog rua rau tus neeg siv (neeg), nyob rau hauv lub rov qab qhov teeb meem no (sau Thov) coj qhov chaw nres nkoj yog deleted los ntawm cov pab pawg neeg.

Feem ntau cov qub IGMP snooping muaj nuj nqi yog muaj, tab sis yuav tsum tau pre-ua kom.

Yog vim li cas saib xyuas cov network tsheb?

Multicast-tsheb yuav kis tau xws li computers, tsis xav nyob rau hauv nws. Qhov no yog hu ua ib tug tshaj tawm hauv xov retransmission. Yuav kom tiv thaiv nws, los txo cov load rau hauv lub network siv IGMP snooping. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, qhov no hom ntawm filtering yuav tsum tau ntxiv nco noj thiab tsub kom lub load rau ntawm cov ntaus ntawv. Txawm li cas los, nws yog justified.

Yog hais tias tus ntaus ntawv pib mus rau kis multicast tsheb khiav mus rau tag nrho nws cov ports, ces:

• tus txheej txheem no yog sib tsis tau;
• teeb meem yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub kawg tau kev pab (network ntaus ntawv), yuam kom lis ib tug loj txaus tsis tseem ceeb cov ntaub ntawv.

Kom tsis txhob rau tej lub sijhawm, muaj yog IGMP snooping feature uas zoo heev pab txoj kev lag luam ntawm lub tag nrho network. Nws chaw nyob lub xav tau kev pab ntawm ib tug network (peb) theem thiab li optimizes channel (thib ob) theem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hloov lwm lub tsev.

Cov menyuamuas ntawm wiretapping muaj nuj nqi

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav kom khiav ntawm multicast-tsheb, koj yuav tsum xub pab kom IGMP snooping thiab teem nws li koj tus kheej. Xav txog yuav ua li cas ua li no rau communicators D-Link thaum siv multicast cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob tswvyim. Teams lug txhim khu network wiretapping:

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav cais ib qhov chaw nres nkoj ntawm lub network pab pawg neeg thaum lub ntaus ntawv tau txais Leave thov los ntawm tus neeg, siv IGMP snooping Fast Leave muaj nuj nqi. Nws tso cai rau koj kom tsis txhob kis tau tus mob lub tsis tseem ceeb cov ntaub ntawv tsev thoob plaws lub network nrog ib tug view mus rau ib tug ntau npaum lag luam. Yuav kom pab no feature, siv raws li nram no hais kom ua:

Nws yog siv nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim hais tias koj yuav tau pab kom filtering multicast faib hloov nrog ib tug kev cob cog rua ntawm koom nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tus mob.

Hom IGMP-wiretapping

IGMP snooping muaj nuj nqi yuav ua tau ob qho tib si passive thiab kom nquag plias. Nyob rau hauv li cas?

1. Passive tsis lim tsheb, tab sis tsuas yog taug qab ntawm nws.
2. Active - mloog thiab filtering cov ntaub ntawv packets los txo cov workload ntawm lub router pab pawg neeg.

Qhov thib ob hom ntawm kev siv ntawm no muaj nuj nqi yog lub feem ntau nyiam, vim nws tso cai rau kom txo tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kis tau los ntawm pom kev twb kev txuas kev thov mus rau lub router thiab tawm los ntawm nws.

Functionality IGMP snooping-communicator yuav pab txo cov load rau hauv lub network los ntawm nrhiav nws dab ntaub ntawv pauv ntawm cov chaw muab kev pab (lub zos routers) thiab cov neeg siv (tus thov kev pab computers) multicast tsheb.