Kev txawj ntse loj hlob, Mysticism

Houdini puav pheej: uas tau txais? Yuav ua li cas muab ib tug nqi Houdini?

Leej twg tau hnov ntawm Garri Gudini puav pheej? Yuav ua li cas ib tug nqi zog? Rau cov uas koj yuav tau txais nws? Leej twg tau ua tau zoo? Muaj ntau cov lus nug tshwm sim. Nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav sim teb lawv.

Puav pheej Houdini: skeptics tiv thaiv psychics

Rau hnub tim, lub Lavxias teb sab txiv neej nyob rau hauv txoj kev yog heev lub tswv yim tias ib txhia supernatural force tau cuam tshuam rau lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg thiab hais tias lwm cov neeg muaj ib tug mysterious khoom plig los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov rog. Nyob rau TV thiab Internet yog tam sim no feem ntau tham txog cov kev xav ntawm ESP thiab ntau yam "sensational" discoveries uas official science feem ntau yog hais txog pseudo-scientific kev txawj ntse. Nyob rau hauv lub wake ntawm xws li ib tug luag thaj tsam ntawm lub tsis paub hais tias, tsis yog txhua tus neeg tau mus critically soj ntsuam ib qho kev tseeb.

Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag tej zaum nws yuav zoo li hais tias nws tsuas yog ib tug teeb meem ntawm tus kheej lub tswv yim, tab sis tej yam uas yog tsis yog li ntawd phem. Nws yog tej yam ntuj tso tau hais tias qhov teeb meem no yog ntse siv los ntawm heev heev fraudsters txuj txia zoo li raws roj ntsha los kho neeg lub siab thiab magicians. Txawm tias muaj zog pov thawj muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb txiaj ntsim ntawm cov neeg uas ploj lawm, muaj ntau yam yog tig mus rau lawv kev pab. Thiab, hmoov tsis, feem ntau dag.

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau no sib, ua txoj kev loj hlob kev ua si tau txais popularizers ntawm science uas taw rau suppress kis ntawm tej yam zoo ntawm hoaxes thiab qhia qhov yuav tsum tau rau muaj kuab kev xav thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ib tug scientific mus kom ze.

Garri Gudini thiab cov nqi zog nyob rau hauv nws lub npe

Nqi zog muaj npe tom qab Garri Gudini twb nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv Russia nyob rau hauv 2015. Nws tau tshaj tawm: ib lab rubles yuav tau txais ib tug uas nyob rau hauv ib tug qhia tshwj xeeb uas tau tsa ib scientific xyaum ua tej yam yuav ua pov thawj uas tseeb possesses supernatural powers.

Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov puav pheej ntawm cov founders - mus coj lub Lavxias teb sab pej xeem xim rau cov teeb meem ntawm uas tsis yog-ib qho tseem ceeb yam ntxwv rau cov lus sib liam ntawm lub hav zoov ntawm super-powers. Kuaj tej yam txawv muaj peev xwm yuav tsum tau "tshab" thiab mus siv cuag Lavxias teb sab-hais lus cov neeg tuaj saib. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm peb tes num yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub American astronomer thiab science popularizer Karla Sagana: "txawv tshaj plaw neeg pab leg ntaubntawv yuav tsum tau txawv tshaj plaw pov thawj."

Raws li ib tug scientific skeptic thiab xib fwb ntawm Philosophy kws qhia ntawv ntawm Moscow State University Valery Kuvakin, muaj kuab xav tau yeej tsis tau tshwj xeeb cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab neeg vim hais tias ntawm ib co kev cai thiab keeb kwm kev cai. Kuvakin kuj txhawj tias thaum pseudoscience yuav tsis ploj kiag li, ua ib yam dab tsi ntawm ib tug "duab ntxoov ntxoo" ntawm lub official science, nws yog ib tug tseem ceeb heev txoj kev xav yuav tso cai rau cov niaj hnub Lavxias teb sab haiv neeg ua mas tsim.

Thaum cov puav pheej twb muab rau Houdini nyob rau hauv Russia? Qhov no yuav tsum tau tham ntxiv.

Lub npe ntawm cov puav pheej

Qhov puav pheej yog lub npe tis nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm lub ntiaj teb no-nrov American txawj ua yees siv Garri Gudini. Los ntawm thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, nws yog nyob rau hauv lub qhov siab ntawm lub yeeb koob ntawm cov mystifies los ntawm nws legendary tricks nrog qhov kev tso tawm, ib co kev uas yog tseem thiab nyob twj ywm unsolved.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub kos duab ntawm illusion, Houdini yog ib tug kws nyob rau ib feem ntawm cov kev tshwm sim: nws yeej tsis ntsib tsis tau ib lub sij hawm yuav yaws lub secrets ntawm nws cov competitors - jugglers thiab magicians. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws tab hais tawm tsam cov indiscriminate thaum spiritualism koj nyiam ua. Houdini muaj kev txhawj xeeb hais tias nyob rau hauv tus ntawm zam, ntau magicians zam lawv tricks, dua lawv tawm kev sib txuas lus nrog otherworldly rog. Incognito mus kawm seances, nws ntse raug tus charlatans thiab reputed nyob rau hauv nws lub sij hawm "lub cua daj cua dub ntawm mediums." Qhov no txawm tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib tawg ntawm nws kev phooj ywg nrog Arturom Konan Doyle, uas yog ib tug staunch supporter ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm spiritualism. Houdini kuj sai ua ntej nws tuag tshuav nws tus poj niam ib tug pub leejtwg paub cai, tab sis uas supposedly yuav summon tus ntsuj plig ntawm tus poj illusionist. Yog li ntawd nws thaum kawg tas nws cov neeg los ntawm spiritualists tawm tsam.

Txawv teb chaws counterparts puav pheej

Puav pheej Houdini muaj ib tug counterpart - ib tug nqi Foundation Dzheymsa Rendi, ib tug naas ej scientific skeptic thiab txawj ua yees siv ntawm lub tebchaws United States. Randy rau ntau xyoo koom nyob rau hauv raug lead lom pseudoscientific theories thiab hoaxes txuam nrog paranormal phenomena, supernormal, UFO, thiab hais txog. D. Lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim cov puav pheej originated nyob rau hauv xyoo 1964, thaum lub xov tooj cua Randy cog lus tseg rau tus kheej them $ 1,000 mus rau tus thawj neeg uas yuav ua pov thawj lub xub ntiag ntawm nws super peev xwm.

Tom qab ntawd nqi nce mus rau 10 txhiab daus las, thiab mus txog li ib lab nyiaj nyob rau hauv 2002 ua tsaug rau qhov pub dawb. Txawm tias cov xov tooj ntawm cov neeg tseem ceeb, mus hnub tsis muaj ib tug kawm twb tsis tau conclusively ua pov thawj rau hauv lub hav zoov ntawm nws tej zoo kawg peev xwm thiab Randy tau txais qhov puav pheej.

Cov non-profit tej yaam num launched nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws, piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv teb chaws Australia nyob rau hauv 1980, muaj nqi zog lub koom haum Australian skeptics Inc.

contest kev cai

Garri Gudini nqi zog yog muab raws li tej yam cov kev cai. Raws li lawv, yuav tau txais ib tug cov nyiaj ntsuab kev saib xyuas ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev tswj kom qhia nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov kws muaj txuj pawg neeg thov supernatural powers, xws li clairvoyance, telekinesis, kev sib txuas lus nrog dab, aura lub zeem muag thiab lwm tus neeg. Hais tias yog, tej peev xwm uas yuav tsis tau piav nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm niaj hnub science.

Puav pheej Organizing Committee paub ua pov thawj tsuas yog tus tau ntawm nws tus kheej kev soj ntsuam. Lwm yam lus, xws li cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm kev pom zoo, cov yeeb yaj duab thiab zaj lus tim khawv ntawm peb ob tog yog tsis lub hauv paus rau cov nyiaj them them.

Daim ntawv thov rau kev koom tes

Yog koj xav thov kev koom tes ua tau tsuas yog tug neeg uas tau mus txog lub hnub nyoog ntawm feem ntau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus neeg thov yuav tsum kom meej meej piav qhia txog dab tsi nws muaj psychic powers thiab yuav ua li cas lawv yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam. Mus rau organizing pawg neeg tau pom tias ib tug neeg lwm tus candidacy, koj yuav tsum xa ib tug yees duab uas yuav qhia tau tias tus hais muaj peev xwm. Yog hais tias qhov no yog tsis tau (piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm telepathy), yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm kev pom zoo ntawm cov kev kawm puag ncig thawj coj, uas yuav tau hais tias nws tus kheej pom tus phenomenon piav nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov, thiab tsis tau muab nws tej kuab piav. Qhov muab tej pov thawj - yog pov thawj ntawm lub suab thiab ib tug loj mus kom ze nyob rau ib feem ntawm cov neeg thov kev pab.

Organizing Committee ceeb toom tias daim ntawv thov rau cov puav pheej thiab cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm tus neeg sib tw yog tsis pub leej twg paub: lub npe ntawm tus thov kev pab, daim ntawv thov ntawv nyeem, yeeb yaj duab, thiab xeem tau yuav tsum luam tawm nyob rau hauv Internet.

txwv

Qhov puav pheej npe Houdini muaj ib co kev txwv. Peb yuav tsum xav txog tsuas yog cov txawv txawv peev xwm, nws muaj tiag yuav tsum muaj pov thawj experimentally. Ib nqe lus ntawm kev cai dab qhuas los yog sab ntsuj plig muaj peev xwm yuav tsis tau txais rau ib tug ncaj yooj yim yog vim li cas: txhua yam yog raws li nyob rau hauv txoj kev ntseeg, tus kheej kev kawm txawj thiab nws txhais lus, yog tsis verifiable. Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug neeg pab leg ntaubntawv kom yuav tau txais los ntawm lub invisible cawv ntawm tus txiv neej zoo siab, kev soj ntsuam yuav raug tsis kam lees vim hais tias nws yog tsis yooj yim sua nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no los tham txog lub hom phiaj no.

Lub Organizing Committee kuj tsis kam ua qhov xyaum ua tej, Yog hais tias ntshai nws raws li yus mus rau lub neej thiab noj qab haus huv (xws li kev xav) thiab lwm yam kev kuaj neeg koom. Tests nyob rau hauv uas tus neeg thov kev cog lus tias yuav raug nws lub neej thiab kom nyob twj ywm unharmed ua tsaug rau nws qhov khoom pub, los ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev txiav txim siab yuav tsis tau tuav.

kev soj ntsuam

Ua ntej koj yuav pib xeem, lub competitor yuav tsum kom meej meej txhais li cas muaj peev xwm nws npaj ua kom pom. Txij li thaum tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv sau npe no yog ib lub zuj zus rau txhua rooj plaub roos ib tug tshwj xeeb kev kuaj kev cai. Tus ua ntawv thov tej zaum yuav qhia lawv sim tej yam kev mob - lub Organizing Committee yuav txais lawv los yog tsis kam txais yuav lawv.

Tom ntej no, lub organizing pawg neeg thiab sib lub xeem, ib tug tshwm sim ntawm qhov xyaum ua tej yuav muab suav hais tias zoo, ib tug - tsis zoo. Tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem. Yog hais tias koj tuaj mus rau ib daim ntawv cog tsis tau zoo, daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tso tseg. Tab sis yog hais tias tus mob uas txaus siab ob sab, cov neeg thov kev pab ua ib tug neeg sib tw rau lub nqi zog Houdini.

Raws li los ntawm pre-kev soj ntsuam, kom paub tseeb tias lub sim tej yam kev mob yog siv tau. Yog hais tias qhov tshwm sim yog zoo, nws yog lub lem ntawm lub official xeem. Raws li cov kev cai, nws kis tau ib zaug thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub qhov chaw uas cov organizers yuav xaiv. Thaum cov hauj lwm xeem yuav tsum muaj xws li ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Center or Sponsoring lub tuam txhab "Genotek" guaranteeing lub txais ib cov nyiaj ntsuab nqi zog. Lub peculiarity ntawm lub sim zaum kawg nkaus uas yog tsis zoo li kom dhau vim koob hmoov: koj yuav tsum tau tog los ua pov thawj rau hauv lub reproducibility ntawm lawv muaj peev xwm.

Lub xaav cov lub nqi zog thiab cov commission

Lub ntsiab founders ntawm qhov khoom plig yog ib tug nrov science pab Sci-ib thiab noob caj noob ces Center "Genotek." Lub vaj huam sib luag ntawm cov kws txawj thiab cov mej zeej ntawm lub Organizing Committee no yog muaj li zaum thiab cov kws txawj nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm biology, tshuaj, physics, science neeg sau xov xwm, kev illusionists, skeptics thiab activists rau tshwj kom txhob pseudoscience. Media cov neeg koom tes ntawm peb tes num: online tsab ntawm "Times", lub portal "Antropogenez.ru" online zej zog "Lentach" thiab ntau lwm tus neeg.

Kws muaj txuj pleev tej zaum yuav hloov thiab loj hlob nrog cov mej zeej tshiab, cov kws tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog thiab natural sciences.

nqi zog

Tomqab kawm tas cov sim zaum kawg nkaus tus menyuam tam sim ntawd tau txais los ntawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm lub tuam txhab "Genotek" thib kaum ib feem ntawm cov nqi zog nyob rau hauv cov nyiaj ntsuab. Qhov seem 900 txhiab rubles yuav pauv mus rau lub bank account ntawm tus khiav nyob rau hauv ib ob peb hnub.

Los ntawm cov puav pheej ntawm ib tug lab rubles txuas ib qho txawv lawm: qhov kev thov ntawm tus khiav lub tuam txhab "Genotek" npaj txhij mus muab nws cov kom kev pab cuam ntawm qhov cim lub genome.

Tam sim no wb tham txog leej twg tau txais cov nqi zog Garri Gudini nyob rau hauv Russia.

Tests nyob rau hauv Moscow

Yog li ntawd seb puas muaj ib tug neeg muab lub nqi zog Garri Gudini? Nyob rau hauv Moscow, Cuaj hlis 26, 2015 dhau thawj yam ua ntej kev ntsuam xyuas. Lawv aroused zoo txaus siab ntawm cov pej xeem thiab cov xov xwm. Rau hauv txoj cai tau txais qhov puav pheej Houdini qhia lawv tus kheej muaj peev xwm, peb tiv thaiv ob yam. seb lawv tau txais lub txiaj ntsim Garri Gudini? Leej twg tau txais nws? Qhov no yog li peb nyuam qhuav kawm.

Thawj sim lawv txhais tes Bahyt Zhumatova, ib tug qub tug tswv cuab ntawm lub acclaimed TV project "sib ntaus sib tua ntawm psychics," uas hais tias paub yuav ua li cas nrhiav tau rau thaum cov nyiaj. Qhov kev thov xyaum ua tej yam yog yooj yim thiab meej: yog ib tug ntawm 10 tib yam dub thawv muab denominations ntawm 5000 rubles. Vim cov qauv ntawm cov randomization, tsis muaj leej twg ntawm cov neeg koom thiab cov organizers tsis paub qhov twg cov nqi. Qhov kev kuaj ntawd tshwm sim yog tsis zoo - Bakhyt ua tsis tau tejyam kom raug txheeb xyuas lub thawv nrog cov nyiaj nyob rau ob qho tag nrho cov me nyuam.

Qhov thib ob tus neeg sib tw, Nikolai Zagoruiko, neeg pab leg ntaubntawv yuav tsum tau saib hlau khoom los ntawm cov phab ntsa. Rau nws, nws tau raug tsa los ntawm ib tug kuaj zoo ib yam li cov thawj, tab sis lub sij hawm no nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov 10 thawv twb muab zais txhuas poom. Cov tshwm sim ntawm lub thib ob muab kev koom tes, ib yam nkaus thiab, ua rau tsis zoo. Yeeb yaj duab ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas uas muaj nyob rau saib.

Cov nram qab no ua ntej kev ntsuam xyuas rau Houdini puav pheej rau npe kawm ntawv tau tuav Hlis ntuj nqeg 20, 2015. Thaum lub sij hawm no, tag nrho cov 3 kawm yog ib tug qub tug tswv cuab ntawm lub "sib ntaus sib tua ntawm psychics". Lawv hais cov nram qab no muaj peev xwm: telepathy, muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus nrog cov ntsuj plig ntawm cov neeg tuag, muaj peev xwm xav tias yuav siv tarot phaib.

Cov ntsuam xyuas thawj zaug coj qhov chaw Jolanta Voronov. Cov neeg ua hauj lwm yog tsim kom muaj ib tug kaw phau ntawv hla tebchaws uas tuav los ntawm cov 12 cov txiv neej tuaj pab dawb. Tom qab tuaj koom, Tatyana Ikaev thiab Zlate Dmitruk, twb muaj cov tib xeem tej yam kev mob - los mus txiav txim qhov ua rau ntawm kev tuag ntawm tus neeg dluab. Zoo li lub sij hawm dhau, cov ntsiab ntawm cov kev ntsuam xyuas ntawd tsis zoo. Tag nrho 3 koom tau ua tsis tau tejyam rau muab ib tug ib lo lus teb kom tsis pub dhau lub pub tus naj npawb ntawm cov me nyuam.