Histidine: mis, tshuaj tshua

Txhua yam ntawm peb tsawg kawg ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub neej xav txog nws noj cov zaub mov. Ntawm no, piv txwv li, dab tsi txhua hnub cai ntawm ntau yam tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau los ntawm lub cev los rau peb nrog cov zaub mov? Yuav ua li cas yog amino acids peb xav tau, thiab rau dab tsi? Niaj hnub no, peb, ntawm chav kawm, tsis txhob tham txog khoom noj kom zoo raws li ib tug tag nrho, vim qhov no me ntsis ib tug thiab txawm ib lub teb khoom. Peb qhia tsuas yog ib yam khoom uas, uas yog undoubtedly tseem ceeb heev rau lub cev. Qhov no amino acid histidine. Nws tshuaj lub npe suab nyuab - L-2-amino-3- (1h-imidazol-4-YL) propanoic acid. Tiam sis ua ntej tej yam uas ua ntej.

Yuav ua li cas yog amino acids?

Ua ntej peb yuav sib tham txog lub zog ntawm histidine thiab nws lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub cev, peb yuav tsum to taub nrog lub sij hawm "amino acid". Cov neeg uas yog fond ntawm kev ua si, tau hnov hais txog cov tshuaj. Ib amino acid yog ib qho organic compound muaj ob theem pib functional pawg uas ua rau nws tshwj xeeb: tus amino pab pawg neeg -NH _2, thiab thiaj li hu carboxyl pab pawg neeg -COOH.

Tus thawj yog lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov yooj yim thaj chaw ntawm no txawv txawv hauv chav kawm ntawv ntawm tebchaw. Vim nitrogen thiab nws cov amino acid khub electrons yuav daim ntawv zoo them ions. Thaum cov amino pab pawg neeg yog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm no nyob rau hauv xws ion: -NH ₃ ^+.

Qhov thib ob functional ib pawg lub luag hauj lwm rau lub acid zog. Nws muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm tso ib tug proton, ua anion -COO ^-. Xws li ib tug tshwm sim tom txoj kev ntsev nrog rau cov carboxyl sab pab pawg neeg.

Yog li, cov amino acid muaj ob qhov chaw, txhua tus uas muaj peev xwm sawv ntawm txoj kev ntsev. Ib tug ntawm lawv muab lub thaj chaw ntawm cov tebchaw, acids, thiab lwm yam - lub thaj av. Nyob rau hauv dav dav, lub amino acid yuav tuaj raws li: NH ₂ -CH (R) -COOH. Tsab ntawv R yuav tsum to taub no raws li "radical", i.e. tej organic particle muaj tej pab pawg thiab cov pa roj carbon lub cev pob txha thiab muaj peev xwm ntawm txoj kev ua ib daim ntawv cog lus (los yog bonds) mus rau lub substrate molecule amino acid.

Raws li ib tug txoj cai, txawm tias cov neeg uas tsis paub nrog pharmacology thiab tsis xav nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si, ib zaug hnov, yam tsawg kawg ntawm advertising, hais tias cov amino acids peb xav tau, thiab yuav pab tau heev. Cia peb kawm saib ua li cas muaj nuj nqi lawv ua nyob rau hauv lub cev thiab yog vim li cas koj yuav tsum tau lawv nyob rau hauv yuav tsum tau tus nqi ntawm cov khoom noj.

Amino acids muaj nuj nqi nyob rau hauv lub cev

Raws li koj paub, tag nrho cov ntawm peb yog ua los ntawm cov nqaijrog, nqaijrog thiab carbohydrates. Thiab raws li peb haus rau lawv raws li cov zaub mov kom muaj nws nqi. Tab sis lub npe ntawm qhov tsab xov xwm, peb yuav xav xwb proteins. Qhov no yog ib tug lossis loj molecule, ua ib tug txawv kiag li thiab tseem ceeb heev functions nyob rau hauv peb lub cev: thauj ntawm tshuaj, cov creation ntawm cov hlwb tshiab, ntxiv dag zog rau qhov cov kev mus ntawm lub paj hlwb neurons. peb nyob nraum tham txog tsis yog proteins. Lub fact tias tag nrho cov tshuaj uas ua los ntawm cov amino acids, uas tej zaum yuav muaj xws li histidine. Formula txawm qhov nyuaj protein muaj tsawg kawg yog kaum amino acids, kev cob cog rua nyob rau hauv ib tug polypeptide saw. Txhua yam ntawm lawv nws muaj nws tus kheej qauv thiab duab uas tso cai rau nws mus ua cov kev ua rau cov uas nws yog tsim los ntawm cov xwm.

histidine

Cov mis muaj xws li tej amino acid, raws li peb tau pom, tsawg kawg yog ob functional pawg thiab ib tug carbon lub cev pob txha, txuas rau lawv. Uas yog vim li cas qhov txawv ntawm tag nrho cov amino acids (uas, incidentally, twb pom ib tug ob peb lab) yog qhov ntev ntawm cov pa roj carbon choj ntawm ob pab neeg nyob rau hauv lub radical qauv, adjoint rau nws.

Lub ntsiab ntawm tsab xov xwm no - yog ib tug ntawm cov amino acids - histidine. Formula no indispensable acid nyuaj. Lub ntsiab carbon saw ntawm ob functional pawg peb pom tsuas yog ib cov pa roj carbon atom. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, tag nrho cov tseem ceeb proteinogenic (muaj peev xwm ntawm kev tsim cov nqaijrog) amino acids kuj tsuas yog ib qho carbon atom nyob rau hauv cov saw hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, histidine muaj ib tug tham qauv radical comprising voj voog. Saum toj no koj yuav pom tias yog ib tug histidine. Cov mis, lub yam ntxwv feature ntawm uas muaj nyob rau hauv lub heterocycle (xam nrog ntawm lwm yam atoms tsuas yog cov pa roj carbon), yog ua tau tsis lub hardest substance.

Yog li ntawd, thaum peb tham txog cov tswv yim, wb tsiv mus nyob rau lub tshua uas yuav nqa lawv tus kheej nrog ib tug histidine.

tshuaj zog

Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yuav siv sij hawm no amino acid, yog heev tsawg. Ntxiv tshua nrog acids thiab bases, nws nkag mus rau rau hauv lub biuret cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsim kob khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, histidine, uas nws mis muaj xws li seem ntawm imidazole tej zaum yuav reacted nrog sulphanilic acid nyob rau hauv Pauli cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

xaus

Tej zaum tag nrho ntawm cov loj cov khoom peb rhuav. Peb cia siab hais tias qhov tsab xov xwm yog pab tau rau koj thiab muab koj kev paub tshiab.