Socialist realism

Socialist realism yog ib tug muaj tswv yim txoj kev siv nyob rau hauv kos duab thiab ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog xam tias yog qhov zoo nkauj qhia txog ib tug tswvyim. Cov tswvyim no twb tau txuam nrog lub sij hawm ntawm lub nriaj kom lawv muaj ib socialist zej zog.

Qhov no muaj tswv yim txoj kev mas suav hais tias lub ntsiab artistic cov kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv lub USSR. Realism nyob rau hauv Russia hais tias ib tug yeej muaj tseeb cov sawv cev ntawm kev muaj tiag nyob rau hauv lub keeb kwm yav dhau ntawm nws revolutionary txoj kev loj hlob.

Qhov tus tsim ntawm txoj kev nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem xam tau tias yog Gorky. Nws yog nws leej twg nyob rau hauv 1934, lub socialist realism tseg rau thaum lub Thawj Congress ntawm Soviet Writers li ib daim ntawv ntawm asserting lub hav zoov muaj ib tsab cai ntawm creation thiab nws lub hom phiaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov feem ntau zoo ib tug neeg txawj kom nws kov yeej cov rog ntawm xwm rau tib neeg longevity thiab noj qab haus huv.

Realism, ib tug philosophy uas yog reflected nyob rau hauv lub Soviet ntaub ntawv, ua raws li cov ideological hauv paus ntsiab lus. Raws li lub tswvyim, ntxias tau ua raws li cov categorical kev pab cuam. Socialist realism twb raws li nyob rau hauv lub glorification ntawm lub Soviet system of labor tej yam txaus siab thiab revolutionary confrontation ntawm cov neeg thiab cov thawj coj.

Qhov no muaj tswv yim txoj kev yuav tsum tag nrho cov kev cai cov nuj nqis ntawm txhua tus ntawm cov kawm Askiv. Qhov no muab tso rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug ncaj txhav moj khaum.

Txawm li cas los, ib co ntxias ntawm lub USSR tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb thiab cov yeeb yuj tej hauj lwm, muaj universal nqi. Nws tau tsuas ntev los no tau pom los ntawm virtue ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm socialist realists ntxias (Plastov, piv txwv li, sau tau ib scene ntawm neej nyob deb nroog).

Literature nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm no yog ib lub cuab tam ntawm tog ideology. Tus heev tib yam txawj sau ntawv tau ua "engineers ntawm tib neeg tus ntsuj plig los." Nrog kev pab los ntawm nws tej txuj ci nws yuav tsum tau muaj ib tug tej yam nyob rau hauv kev nyeem ntawv, yuav propagator ntawm lub tswv yim. Lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm tus kws yog ib tug nyeem ntawv kev kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub tog thiab ua kom lawv ua ke nrog tus tawm tsam rau lub tsev ntawm communism. Subjective dee thiab cov kev ua ntawm lub cim personalities ntawm tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm socialist realism coj mus rau hauv txoj kab nrog rau lub hom phiaj keeb kwm cov txheej xwm.

Thaum qhov chaw ntawm tej chaw ua hauj lwm tsuas zoo hero yog ntsoov sawv ntsug. Nws yog ib qho zoo tagnrho communist, ib qho piv txwv rau hauv tag nrho socialist zej zog. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tus hero yog ib tug txiv neej ntawm hnyav, nws yog ib tug neeg txawv rau tib neeg tsis ntseeg.

Hais tias art yuav tsum muaj cov neeg, hais tias nws yog tus txoj kev xav thiab kev xav ntawm lub masses xav tau ib tug artistic cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau raws li, Lenin teev uas cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muaj ib tog. Lenin ntseeg hais tias no kev taw qhia ntawm cov kos duab - ib tug keeb ntawm cov ua, rau ib feem ntawm ib tug zoo kawg mechanism.

Gorky thov hais tias lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm socialist realism lus dag nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm ntawv ntawm lub revolutionary saib ntawm dab tsi tshwm sim raws li lub xaav ntawm lub ntiaj teb no.

Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav xyuas kom meej nruj kev ua raws li txoj kev ntawm kev tsim paintings composing prose thiab paj huam, thiab yog li nws yog tsim nyog los kav lub ntiajteb rau kis ntawm capitalist teeb meem txhaum cai. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, txhua yam khoom muaj tau qhuas socialism, inspiring viewers thiab txawj nyeem ntawv mus rau lub revolutionary nriaj.

kev realism txoj kev kiag li them tag nrho qhov chaw ntawm artistic yam: architecture, suab paj nruag, duab puab thiab painting, xinesmas thiab cov ntaub ntawv, ua yeeb yam. Qhov no txoj kev yog thov ib tug xov tooj ntawm tej ntsiab cai.

Tus thawj ntsiab cai - yog haiv neeg twg - tau manifested nyob rau hauv lub fact tias cov cim nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov rov tuaj los ntawm cov neeg. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, nws yog tus neeg ua hauj lwm thiab peasants.

Cov hauj lwm yuav tsum muaj ib tug piav qhia ntawm lub heroic deeds ntawm cov revolutionary nriaj, tsim tau ib tug ci yav tom ntej.

Lwm kuj yog lub pob zeb. Nws yog qhia nyob rau hauv lub fact tias muaj tiag yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm cov keeb kwm kev loj hlob yog ib yam nrog cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm materialism.