General Theory of Statistics: cov kev kawm thiab txoj kev

Txheeb cais xws li ib tug systematic thiab orderly accounting, uas yog nqa tawm tsis pub dhau lub teb chaws tus pej xeem muaj cai. Nws muaj xws li cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog luam tawm nyob rau hauv txawv tawm thiab nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb txoj kev. Txheeb cais hais raws li ib tug kev thiab tshwj xeeb kev qhuab qhia.

Cov khoom xam nyob rau hauv peb txoj hau kev. General statistics, raws li ib tug universal science uas tshuaj xyuas qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev loj haiv neeg thiab xwm. Raws li ib tug methodological science muaj tsis muaj kev paub ntawm nws kev kawm teeb meem, thiab tsuas yog cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm txoj kev ua ntawv thov kev sciences. Txheeb cais yog cov kev kawm, uas muaj nws tus kheej vib this thiab raug teeb meem. Nws tau raug researching cov quantitative cai ntawm kev loj hlob.

Cov khoom ua ntau yam ntawm kev sib raug zoo, nyiaj txiag, loj phenomena thiab lawv kev sib raug zoo rau cov kev mob thiab zoo yam ntxwv.

General Theory of Statistics muaj cov nram qab nta. Nws yog ib tug science uas tshuaj xyuas qhov ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tshwm sim. Nws kuj suav tias yog lub loj phenomena thiab lawv ntau yam ntxwv, uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov tau nrog tus zoo nam. Tag nrho cov no yog embodied los ntawm txoj kev ib tug system ntawm kev qhia. Txheeb cais tshuaj xyuas qhov ntau nam ntawm phenomena nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw.

General Statistics nws muaj nws tus kheej vib this, uas yog txhais raws li ib tug system ntawm tej ntsiab cai thiab txoj kev ntawm kev siv lawv. Lawv xav txog ntau txoj kevcai uas yog manifested nyob rau hauv lub muaj zog ntawm economic thiab kev tshwm sim thiab cov qauv ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo. Cov yooj yim cov ntsiab ntawm tus vib this los yog cov pab pawg neeg txheeb cais thiab txoj kev, statistical soj ntawm loj, raws li zoo raws li tsom, thiab daim ntawv thov ntawm lub tuam ntsuas.

Soj yog mus sau nyoos cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus kwv. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub census mus sau ntaub ntawv txog tag nrho cov neeg uas nkag mus rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv no.

Qhov thib ob lub caij, uas tshuaj xyuas cov kev tshawb xav ntawm statistics, txoj kev thiab ua grouping, uas yog qhov kev sib cais ntawm ib tug ntau txheej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tau nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam soj nyob rau hauv pab pawg nrog zoo xws li cov yam ntxwv nyob rau hauv ib los yog ntau lub cim. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm kev suav pej xeem pejxeem cov ntaub ntawv tau raug muab faib ua tej pawg (kev kawm ntawv, hnub nyoog, tub los ntxhais, haiv neeg, thiab lwm yam).

Lub essence ntawm lub statistical vib this lus dag nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim thiab economic statistical txhais ntawm lub tuam ntsuas thiab cov yam ntxwv. General Theory of Statistics muaj xws li cov nram qab no indicators: tus kwv tij, nruab nrab, tsis, kawm ntawv, variations, thiab lwm yam indexes los piav peb hais ntawm lub vib this kuj peb theem, uas muab qhov chaw thaum lub sij hawm tej statistical cov kev tshawb fawb ..

Cov kev xav ntawm statistics no yeej siv cov tswv yim thiab pawg, uas ua ke qhia tej ntsiab cai ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia. Tej yam tseem ceeb cov ntsiab lus thiab kev muaj xws li tus qauv, tej yam tshwm sim, variations ua ke.

Statistical pejxeem muaj xws li tus luj odnokachestvennyh rau ib co yam ntxwv ntawm tus phenomena, uas raug txwv los ntawm lawv lub neej nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj qeb ntawm ua statistical regularity, uas yog hais txog ib theem zuj zus, lub zaus, thiab cov txheej txheem rau cov kev hloov. Statistical qauv txhais tias yog cov ntau yam ntxwv hloov lub sij hawm thiab qhov chaw haiv neeg dab thiab loj phenomena uas muaj xws li ib tug plurality ntawm txawv units ua ke.