Gamma tawg. Yuav ua li cas peb paub txog qhov no tshwm sim?

Ob peb ntawm peb yog cov paub txog lub phenomenon ntawm gamma tawg, vim tsis yog txhua txhua ntawm peb muaj kev txawj ntse nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm physics.

Yog li, gamma tawg yog ib qho ntawm ntau hom ntawm electromagnetic tawg. Cov wavelength nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog heev me me, raws li nws yoj zog. Keeb kwm ntawm lub foundations ntawm cov tawg pib ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo dhau los. Nyob rau hauv 1900, qhov no tshwm sim tau qhib los ntawm ib tug ntawm cov Fabkis physicists - Paul Willard. Thiab muaj no discovery heev los ntawm kev huam yuaj raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm txoj kev tshawb ntawm radium.

Gamma rays yog cim thiab muaj ib tug xov tooj ntawm txawv zog. Main dab tshwm sim raws li qhov allergic ntawm cov tawg ntawm tej hom tshuaj. Lub photoelectric nyhuv ntawm beams raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm electrons nyob rau hauv lub tshuaj thaum raug mus rau lub teeb. Lub photoelectric nyhuv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tej zaum yuav yog lwm los nrog.

Compton nyhuv - lwm cov khoom teejtug uas gamma tawg, uas kuj tsim nyog ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev tshawb no. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no muaj ib qho kev nce ntawm cov electromagnetic yoj. Qhov no tshwm sim tau raug nrhiav tau rov qab nyob rau hauv 1923.

Pairing - lwm cim feature ntawm lub gamma rays. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, tej yam tshuaj tiv thaiv quantum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm cov tub ntxhais, thiab ua ib tug electron thiab ib tug positron. Tab sis vim yog cov nyhuv ntawm nuclear tawg xws gamma ray emboss muaj peev xwm ntawm nucleons. Gamma tawg yog siv nyob rau hauv lub niaj hnub ntiaj teb no nyob rau hauv ntau yam teb ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Gamma qhov khuam detectors, piv txwv li, tso cai rau koj mus saib xyuas cov hauj lwm ntawm ntau pab kiag li lawm thiab cov khoom uas muaj tshwj xeeb rays. Khaws cia ntau cov khoom kuj yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw siv zoo xws li cov kab teeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub txee lub neej ntawm workpieces yog ho muaj zog, thiab hais txog tej teeb meem los thiab tag nrho cov muaj peev xwm yuav tsis muaj lo lus nug.

Siv cov txheej txheem ntawm kom tsis muaj menyuam khoom, kev kho mob seev, ib co khoom noj khoom haus cov khoom uas tuav gamma tawg. Nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj, cov rays no tseem nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm daim ntawv thov. Nrog radiotherapy, e.g., kho zoo tus naj npawb ntawm ntau ntau yam ntawm phem hlav. Pom zoo, qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb pab rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj, txij li thaum nws yog nyob deb ntawm txhua cov tshuaj. Thaum uas siv cov gamma rays peb pom zoo heev tau nyob rau hauv cov kev kho mob ntawm cancer thiab kuj nyob kuj tsis tshua muaj nqi. Thiab nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, gamma rays vim lawv cov zog yuav ho ua tshuaj rau pem hauv ntej.

Gamma Ray yog ib feem ntawm geology. Siv ntau qhov chaw ntawm gamma tawg, geologists tau ntsuas ntawm qhov tob ntawm qhov dej. Tab sis gamma-altimeter - ib txoj kev los yog txiav txim qhov kev ncua deb mus ncig los ntawm lub spacecraft. Hais tias yog, tus tawg cov ntaub ntawv nyob uas nws kim heev kev siv nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tshawb kawm, thiab geology, thiab cov tshuaj, thiab nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Tiam sis tag nrho cov zoo ntawm tej yam muaj lub gamma tawg muaj ob peb drawbacks, uas yuav tsum tau mus yuav tsum paub. Vim heev kev sib cuag nrog lub rays, piv txwv li, muaj ib tug txaus ntshai tus kab mob - tawg kev mob kev nkeeg. Cov loj tshaj plaws tsim nyog tau xws li raug tus kab mob ntau hom mob cancer kab mob.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov rays kuj teratogenic los ntawm lub cev, uas tau nyob rau hauv ib tug kev hloov thiab me nyuam hauv plab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm tej kev loj hlob. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, lub gamma tawg - nws yog tib tawg, uas peb tau hnov, tab sis hais txog tej uas me ntsis yog paub. Txawm tias thaum siv nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj, nrog rau cov kev siv uas niaj hnub khoom emission cov ntaub ntawv yuav zoo heev pab txhawb thiab txhim khu kev ua pej xeem!