Francium tshuaj caij: cov yam ntxwv thiab keeb kwm ntawm foundations

Tshuaj caij francium (Fr 87) - ib qho ntawm lub Periodic Mendeleyev ntsiab. By 1925, nws yog ib tug ntawm cov plaub hais unfound. Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau active alkali hlau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm, thiab nws yog tus ceev tshaj ib nrab-lub neej rau uas twb muaj lawm tshuaj. Qhov no yog tseem tsawg thiab nuclear stability conducive mus rau lub fact tias rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau Fabkis Qhib, uas nws cov hav zoov twb kwv yees los ntawm Mendeleev yuav luag ib xyoo pua ua ntej nws tau txais.

Keeb kwm ntawm lub foundations ntawm ib tug tshuaj caij fabkis

Nws Misc uas poob nyob rau txoj hmoo ntawm ib tug poj niam, uas nws lub npe yog Marguerite Perret. Qhov kev tshawb ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw raws li nyob rau hauv lub Mendeleev system. Raws li tshuaj nyob sib ze № 87, ntau yam hypotheses muab rau pem hauv ntej hais txog lub zog ntawm cov hlau:

• vim lub fact tias cesium coterminous melts ntawm chav tsev kub, nws twb assumed tias 87 th caij yuav kuj yaj thaum uas tsis muaj kub;
• nws twb xav hais tias nws yuav siv tau rau cov kua hlau xws li cesium los yog mercury;
• Peb muab rau pem hauv ntej ib tug hypothesis hais txog nws cov radioactivity.

Los ntawm kawg ntawm 1938 mus nrhiav tus substance koom Marguerite Pere. Nws teem nws cov xim rau cov alpha hais tawm txim liab los ntawm actinium. Nws yog zoo ntxuav los ntawm cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw uas muaj ntau yam impurities, ces tsuas ib tug dawb huv caij. Tom qab uas nws kim heev tshuaj kho mob nyob rau hauv lub ob txhais tes ntawm ib tug scientific niam dej cawv uas muaj cov alkali ntsev. Nws qhia hais tias nws tsis yog tej, tab sis tom qab evaporation ntawm lub qhov dej los ua pom beta kev ua si nrog ib tug ib nrab-lub neej ntawm 22 feeb. Tus poj niam kom tau muaj tseeb hais tias xws li tus nqi nyob ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug alkali caij.

Nruam lag luam ntawm Margarita yog kev vam meej xwb nyob rau hauv lub Autumn ntawm 1939. Raws li cov uas twb muaj lawm nomenclature, tus poj niam muab lub 87-th caij ntawm lub npe "Actinium-K", uas tom qab renamed nyob rau hauv Fabkis ua nco txog hnub qhov chaw uas nws tau yug los. International Union ntawm Ntshiab thiab Applied Science News for KIDS tau saws lub npe coined los ntawm Marguerite Perret. Txij li thaum lub qhib ntawm Fabkis.

Tshuaj caij Fr: yam ntxwv

Qhov no yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau active alkali hlau uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov xwm, thiab nws yog ib tug ntawm cov ceev tshaj ib nrab-lub neej rau uas twb muaj lawm tshuaj. Cov coos-nyob ntawm nws isotopes yuav muaj nyob rau hauv uranium minerals. Yog li ntawd, ib tug tshuaj caij francium heev tsis zoo to taub, vim decomposes sai sai. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws muaj ib tug heev radioactivity. Tsis tau me me ntawm lub caij tau soj ntsuam, thiab pom cov nram qab no cov khoom:

• ib nrab-lub neej ntawm qhov ntev-lived isotope ntawm 22 feeb;
• melting kub - 27 degrees;
• ceev hauv ib chav tsev kub ntawm 1,87 g / m ^3.

Nthuav lus tseeb hais txog Fabkis

Qhov no yog qhov kawg tshuaj caij sab nyob rau hauv cov xwm. Nws belongs rau lub feem ntau tsis tshua muaj, vim hais tias nws yog heev tsis ruaj tsis khov thiab lov sai sai. Raws li zaum, cov tshuaj francium caij yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no cia li nyob rau hauv tus nqi ntawm 30 grams. Nws yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi rau cov kua hlau, tab sis nws yog ib tug ua kua rau ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm. Tom qab ib tug ob peb lub vib nas this francium splits rau hauv ruaj khov hais, nyob rau hauv particular radium tau.

Daim ntawv thov Fabkis

Tab sis, txawm lub siab volatility, qhov no tshuaj caij no kuj lig. Nws yog siv, tab sis tsis yog feem. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, ib tug tshuaj caij francium pab tau rau tebchaws khoom nyob rau hauv lub natural actinium. Ntxiv mus, ua tsaug rau lub thwmsim nrog kuaj nas, zaum tau pom hais tias nws accumulates nyob rau hauv phem hlav, uas yog nyob rau thawj theem ntawm kev loj hlob. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav siv tau rau thaum ntxov mob sarcoma. Tab sis txoj kev tshawb no ntawm no lub caij tseem. Frances paub txog qhia ntau tshaj ntawm cov secrets.