Ferric chloride

Nruab nrab hlau chloride ntsev uas nws mis FeCl3, yog ib tug compound ntawm trivalent hlau nrog hydrochloric acid. Qhov no tshuaj yog ib lub phaj (nplooj) black-xim av xim, uas shimmer thiab flicker nyob rau hauv lub teeb. Nws muaj tib lub nplooj ntawm ntshav los yog ntsuab Hawj txawm muaj nws yog xim hlau ci.

Qhov no compound exhibits muaj zog hygroscopicity, ncaj qha rau saum huab cua nyob rau hauv ib txwm tej yam kev mob dhau mus ua ib tug haus dej ntawd, cov mis uas FeCl3 • 6H2O. Cov muaju twb daj los yog daj-xim av xim txig soluble nyob rau hauv dej - nyob rau hauv ib tug kub dvadtsatigradusnoy daws nyob rau hauv 100 grams dej yog kiag li yaj, 91,9 g ntawm anhydrous ferric chloride ntsev.

Melting point yog 309 ° C. Nyob rau hauv tshuaj kev lag luam nws yog ua, feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug anhydrous ntsev los yog raws li ib tug crystalline shestimolekulyarnogo. Nyob rau hauv kev lag luam, cov hlau chloride yog siv rau zus tau tej cov ntshiab polystyrene nyob rau hauv raug ntau yam coatings. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho xws li technologies cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav siv sij hawm qhov chaw nrog kev koom tes ntawm phenol los yog cresol ethyl ester, uas yog tshuaj thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Feem ntau, cov hlau chloride yog volatile thiab suab ua ke nrog cov dej vapor. Thaum muab cia rau hauv ib tug noo puag ncig tshuaj kis. Qhov no tshwm sim tau cai txawm nyob rau hauv 100 ° C, tus kub nce ntxiv thiab ncav nws cov cim 317 ° C, hlau chloride iii pib rhaub thiab qhuav, ua raws li los ntawm decomposition. Ntsev, yog npaj nyob rau hauv no yav tas los ntawm lub gaseous theem tam sim ntawd crystallizes thiab yog tso rau cov hlab. Nyob rau hauv no precipitate li ruaj khov hais tias nws yog tsis ntxuav tam sim ntawd txawm siv carbon tetrachloride, uas kuj condenses rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub nkoj qab thus.

Ferric chloride yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub chav kawm ntawm ib tug yooj yim haum xyaum ua tej yam. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum ua rau cov hlau filings tshuaj nyob rau hauv lub gaseous lub xeev. Raws li ib tug ntawm xws li ib tug tshuaj tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ferric ntsev. Qhov no txawv los ntawm tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog ib tug cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv uas lub active tshuaj yog hydrochloric acid.

Dhau li no txoj kev, ferrous chloride yuav npaj los ntawm ib tug oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, uas yuav tshuaj thiab hlau dichloride - 2FeCl2. Ntau nthuav los ntawm tus taw tes ntawm view ntawm daim ntawv thov yog ib txoj kev rau cov hlau trichloride los ntawm oxidation ntawm cov leej faj oxide (IV).

Cov pa hauv daim ntawv ntawm hlau trichloride muaj ib tug qauv uas yog tshuam zoo ib yam li txhuas chloride thaum lub sij hawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv xws li molecules FeCl3 qee pib thaum kub nce mus txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm 500 ° C.

Qhov no tshuaj yog dav siv raws li ib tug coagulant nyob rau hauv ntau yam dej kev kho mob technologies. Nyob rau hauv tshuaj kev lag luam nws yog siv raws li ib lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv lub tshua ntawm synthesis ntawm cov organic sib txuas. Lug siv nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam.

Thaum cua sov hlau chloride, tom qab ncav lub melting kub thiab tej atmospheric siab, nws decomposes rau dichloride thiab tshuaj molecules. Nws yog haum muaj zog Lewis acid trichloride, muaj peev xwm uas mus koom hauv tshua nrog rau lwm cov chlorides. Raws li ib tug ntawm xws li tshua yog tau ntau yam ntsev tetrahlorozheleznoy acid, thiab los ntawm cua sov nws nrog hlau oxide (III) rau 350 ° C yog tau ferric oxychloride.

Feem ntau, cov ntsev ntawm ferric chloride yog cov tsis muaj zog oxidizing agents, txawm hais tias muaj kev zam. Piv txwv li, nws yog heev yooj yim mus oxidize nws yog xim hlau tooj liab. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog tau soluble chlorides CuCl thiab CuCl2.

Hlau trichloride yog siv raws li ib tug etching neeg sawv cev nyob rau hauv lub chaw ua khoom ntawm luam Circuit Court laug cam nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj cua thiab zincographies. Raws li ib tug mordant yog irreplaceable nyob rau hauv lub textile kev lag luam. Nyob rau hauv industrial scale hlau trichloride yog siv nyob rau hauv dej kev kho mob technologies.

Qhov no compound yog tshuaj lom, tswj corrosive dab. Tsis txhob raug tus kab mob ntawm boiling ferric chloride vapors mus rau hauv lub ntsws.