Dialectical materialism

Dialectical materialism yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub ua tau ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws kev xyaum thiab kev tshawb xav. Qhov no yog cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm cov feem ntau nqe lus dav dav txoj kev loj hlob thiab lub zog nco qab, xwm thiab zej zog yog tsis tu ncua tsim thiab enriched nrog rau qhov kev kawm ntawm science thiab technology. Qhov no philosophy pom nco qab raws li ib tug kev sib raug zoo, mas lub koom haum, daim ntawv no. Dialectical materialism ntawm Marx thiab Engels xam tau tias yog qhov teeb meem xwb paus thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no, thaum paub lub hav zoov ntawm universal interconnection ntawm phenomena thiab cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Cov lus qhia no yog ib tug ntau dua daim ntawv ntawm kev txawj ntse, lub txiaj ntsim ntawm tag nrho cov yav tas los keeb kwm ntawm lub tsim ntawm philosophical thought.

Marx lub dialectical materialism sawv nyob rau hauv lub XIX-th xyoo pua, nyob rau hauv lub forties. Nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm, mus coj kev proletarian tawm tsam rau kev emancipation nws tus kheej raws li ib tug hauv chav kawm ntawv muaj cov kev tsim nyog kev txawj ntse ntawm cov kev cai ntawm kev loj hlob. Txoj kev tshawb no ntawm cov kev cai lij choj twb tsis tau tsis muaj philosophy, piav qhia txog lub keeb kwm cov txheej xwm. Cov founders ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia - Marx thiab Engels - raug sib sib zog nqus ua ntawm Hegel cov lus qhuab qhia. Tom qab cais tag nrho cov uas tau raug tsim nyob rau rau lawv nyob rau hauv philosophy, kev muaj tiag, assimilating tag nrho cov zoo uas nrhiav tau, xav tau tsim ib tug nkaus tshiab ntiaj teb no. Hais tias nws yog tus philosophical hauv paus ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm scientific communism thiab nyob rau hauv txoj kev xyaum ntawm cov revolutionary zog ntawm tus proletariat. Dialectical materialism yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub mob ideological confrontation ntawm txawv views, muaj ib tug bourgeois cim.

Lub cim puab lub outlook ntawm Marx thiab Engels twb zoo heev los ntawm lub tswv yim cov followers ntawm cov nom tswv kev khwv nyiaj txiag ntawm lub classical bourgeois kev taw qhia (Ricardo, Smith, thiab lwm yam), kev ua hauj lwm-utopian Socialists (Owen, Saint-Simon, Fourier, thiab lwm tus), raws li zoo raws li Fabkis historians Mignet, Guizot, Thierry thiab lwm tus neeg. Dialectical materialism thiab tsim nyob rau hauv tus ntawm tej yam ntuj tso science achievements.

Qhia kis mus rau ib qhov kev nkag siab ntawm kev sib raug zoo yav dhau los, lub cim asterisk tso rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib raug zoo coj nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tib neeg pem.

Dialectical materialism yog tso cai rau hais yuav tsum muaj lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kev xyaum nyob rau hauv txoj kev paub ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab ib tug pej xeem lub neej, materialistic resolve qhov teeb meem ntawm active tus ntawm nco qab. Cov lus qhuab qhia txhawb kev saib xyuas ntawm kev muaj tiag tsis tau tsuas yog raws li ib tug txiv neej confronting tus kwv tab sis kuj raws li nws cov kev keeb kwm kev ua si. Yog li, lub materialist dialectic kov yeej abstractness nyob rau hauv contemplation uas yus yav dhau los ce.

Cov lus qhuab qhia tshiab muaj peev xwm mus nrhiav pov thawj raws thiab xyaum embody ib tug meej pem txheej xyaum thiab kev tshawb xav. Materialist dialectics, deriving los ntawm txoj kev xyaum ntawm kev tshawb xav, kom ua raws li nws cov revolutionary tswv yim hais txog transforming lub ntiaj teb no. Yam ntxwv nta ntawm lub philosophical lus qhuab qhia ntawm tus txiv neej yog cov ua kom pom tseeb rau qhov kev kawm ntawm lub neej tom ntej thiab tsis tshua muaj kev twv ua ntej ntawm cov txheej xwm yavtom ntej.

Cov yuav tsum muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm dialectical materialism yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb no mus txeem lub masses thiab siv los ntawm lawv. Cov heev lub tswv yim ntawm thaum nws tsim nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog rau keeb kwm kev xyaum ntawm cov neeg. Yog li, lub philosophy ntawm lub proletariat qhia rau transforming lub uas twb muaj lawm haiv neeg thiab tsim los ntawm ib tug tshiab, communist.

Lenin tus theoretical ua hauj lwm yog ib tug tshiab thiab ntau dua theem nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm dialectical materialism. Cov kev loj hlob ntawm cov kev tshawb xav ntawm kev sib raug zoo kiv puag ncig, lub tswv yim ntawm cov dictatorship ntawm lub proletariat, lub alliance ntawm neeg ua hauj lwm thiab peasants twb feem ntau zoo txuam nrog rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm philosophy ntawm lub onslaught ntawm bourgeois ideology.