Daim ntawv teev cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems: yam ntxwv, nta thiab xyuas

Niaj hnub no, ib tug loj loj ntawm lub ntiaj teb no tus pej xeem yeej muaj num ua ke nrog cov computers, ib tug neeg ua hauj lwm, ib tug neeg yog tab tom nrhiav rau cov lus qhia hauv internet, thiab ib tug neeg cia li mus siv lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv cov kev ua si. Txhua leej txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej xav tau kev pab, uas txhais tau tias cov computer yuav tsum tau raws li lawv. Thiab yog hais tias peb yuav sib tham txog lub "kho vajtse" (cov kev ib feem ntawm lub computer), ces txhua yam yog xav paub ntau los yog tsawg dua ntshiab: lub newer zoo dua. Tiam sis ntawm no "Softovaya" (software) ib feem, yuav tsum tau tshwj xeeb mloog.

Txhua computer khiav ib qho kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system, uas ib tug ntau, txhua yam uas yog haum rau txawv kev pab raws qib, muaj khoom, thiab li ntawm. Yog li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj yog cov kev xaiv ntawm cov operating system.

Muaj yog ib tug heev loj heev daim ntawv teev cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems, tab sis nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm peb yuav kawm txog peb tug ncej, zoo heev pab cov kev lag luam thiab occupies loj feem ntawm tag nrho cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems: Qhov rai, MacOS thiab Linux.

Proprietary operating systems

Ua ntej, peb qhia ntxiv hais tias muaj yog ib tug proprietary operating system, qhov sawv daws yuav uas kis tau cov khw daim ntawv tso cai. Cov no muaj xws operating systems lub qhov rais, daim ntawv teev cov uas yog teem tawm hauv qab no, thiab MacOS. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias ob systems yuav tsum downloaded ntawm lub web (nyiag) txoj cai yuav ib daim ntawv tso los ntawm lub tuam txhab-distributor thiab qhib nws.

Qhov kom zoo dua ntawm cov tshuab yog lawv txoj kev loj hlob, ib tug lossis loj npaum li ntawm zoo software thiab competent kev them nyiaj yug, uas yuav pab tau nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm thaum muaj xwm ceev.

Lub "free" operating system

Cov chaw no muaj xws li yuav luag tag nrho cov Linux tsev neeg, tsuas yog tej zaum ib txhia txoj kev loj hlob nrog accounting los yog lwm yam kev software. Cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems yuav tsum downloaded dawb kiag li thiab nruab nws rau hauv tej computer, tsis muaj ib tug twinge ntawm conscience.

Tej systems yog tsim los ntawm sab nraud developers, ua ke nrog lub zej zog, yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv feem ntau qhov zoo ntawm cov kev pab cuam yoojyim npaum li cas rau muab qhov kev kawm, tab sis muaj li systems ntau ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj khov khiav ntawm lawv proprietary competitors.

qhov rais

Kiag li txhua leej txhua tus uas tau muaj mus nrog ib tug computer paub txog cov khoom no rau Microsoft. Nyob rau hauv kev nws kev txhawj xeeb sverhuspeshnyh tso tawm ntawm lub qhov rais 7. Microsoft muaj ib daim ntawv teev kev khiav hauj lwm systems muaj ib lub teb tiam. Lawv yog cov tsis tshua nrov thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no thiab npog yuav luag 90% ntawm lub lag luam. Uas hais txog cov unprecedented coj noj coj ua.

Daim ntawv teev cov qhov rais operating systems:

• Lub qhov rais XP;
• Lub qhov rais Vista;
• Lub qhov rais 7;
• Lub qhov rais 8;
• Lub qhov rais 10;

Daim ntawv teev cov txhob txwm pib nrog lub qhov rais XP, vim nws yog tus hiob version, tseem nyob rau hauv kev siv kom txog thaum hnub no.

System yuav tsum muaj lub qhov rais 10 (qhov tseeb tso tawm):

• Yuav kom ua hauj lwm yuav tsum tau nrog ib tug zaus tsis tsawg tshaj li 1000 MHz.
• 1 GB RAM (32-ntsis) RAM los yog 2 gigabyte (64 ntsis).
• ROM 16 gigabyte (32 ntsis) los yog 20 gigabytes ROM (64-ntsis).
• Tsis tas li ntawd, rau qhov system yuav tsum tau los yog GPU graphics card uas txhawb nqa DirectX 9 technology.

Zoo rau lub system:

1. Muaj. Lub system yuav khiav rau tej computer, tsis hais txog ntawm chaw tsim tshuaj paus.
2. Tus nab npawb ntawm cov kev pab cuam. Nyob rau lub ntev keeb kwm ntawm lub platform yog ib tug lossis loj database cov kev pab cuam thiab cov kev siv uas tseem ua hauj lwm (txawm tias cov neeg uas tau raug tsim tshaj 10 xyoo dhau los).
3. Zoo kev pab txhawb nqa kev ua si. Microsoft muaj nyob rau ntawm lawv pov tseg tag nrho cov ntau tshaj gaming achievements, uas nws khiav rau lawv cov system, lub siab heev tshaj plaws ua si.
4. Kev them nyiaj yug rau tej software. Lub qhov rais tau los ua ib tug ntiaj teb no tus qauv, thiab yog li ntawd ntau cov kev pab cuam thiab cov kev siv tsuas ua hauj lwm rau nws. Rau cov neeg muaj xws li cov neeg muas zaub bank los yog accounting daim ntaub ntawv. Nws yog feem ntau kuj sau tseg qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Microsoft Office, uas yog tsim nyog xwb ua haujlwm nyob rau lub qhov rais.

Tsis zoo ntawm lub cev:

1. Lub abundance ntawm cov kab mob. Lub chaw ntawm no platform yog tsis nyob rau hauv vain. Koj tsis nyob rau hauv tej operating system yog tsis tsim ntau li ntau tus kab mob no raws li lawv tau khiav nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais. Tus neeg siv muaj saib xyuas ntawm lawv cov kev ruaj ntseg, yuav lub antivirus thiab kev ruaj ntseg software.
2. Tsis ruaj tsis khov lag luam. Tu siab, lub qhov rais, evolving los ntawm tiam mus rau tiam, tab sis acquires tshiab muaj peev xwm, tsis tau tshem ntawm cov thoob khib nyiab. Los ntawm no nws yuav nyuaj, muaj ntau ntau uas tsis nyob rau hauv lub code. Tej zaum cov system behaves unpredictably thiab yuav ua li cas "tuag."
3. Qhov tshiab. Los ntawm kev txhim kho cov qhov rais, yuav tsum tau ceev faj txog qhov tau hais tias nws yuav tsum muab kho ntau heev, thiab tsis yeej ib txwm rau lub zoo dua. Yes, tag nrho cov tshiab yog tswj kev txhim kho rau cov neeg siv kev kawm txawj thiab kev tiv thaiv, tab sis nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, cov kev hloov tshiab tej zaum yuav ua puas koj lub computer los yog txo tau kev ua tau zoo. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lub system tshiab, tsis tau nug tus neeg siv seb nws xav mus rau los yog tsis li ntawd, yuav muaj kev ntxhov siab npaj yog koj txoj hauj lwm disappears vim hais tias ntawm lub tom ntej no thaj.
4. Qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov tsav tsheb - tej dais uas koj xav mus txuas rau lub computer, yuav nws lub koob yees duab los yog ib lub tshuab luam tsav tsheb yuav thov, tsis muaj uas, feem ntau yuav, nws yuav tsis ua hauj lwm.

Tswv yim txog lub qhov rais yeej ib txwm tau ob. Ib tug neeg yws tias pheej cov kab mob thiab kab, ib tug neeg yog tsis txaus siab nrog lub txawj tej yam ntxiv. Ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv qhov tsis tooj qhuas Microsoft khoom vim nws muaj peev xwm mus ua hauj lwm nrog chaw ua hauj lwm.

Nyob rau hauv kev, cov khoom no yog tsim meej feem coob. Lub qhov rais yuav tsum tau cov neeg ua hauj lwm nrog tej software, Microsoft Office, thiab plays nyob rau hauv niaj hnub lub computer ua si.

MacOS

Tsis tshua muaj heev, tab sis ntau high-quality khoom ua los ntawm cov kua. MacOS boasts ib tug coj qhia ntawm 9%. Qhov no nyuaj-ntaus teeb meem no vim hais tias cov MacOS tsuas ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv cov kev tswj ntawm lub Mac.

Daim ntawv teev cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems, MacOS:

• OS X Mavericks;
• OS X Yosemite;
• OS X El Capitan;
• MacOS Sierra.

Lawv yuav tsum MacOS Sierra OS (qhov tseeb tso tawm):

• iMac (tso nyob rau hauv lig 2009 los yog newer);
• Mac Phau Ntawv (12-inch, tso tawm nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2015 los yog tom qab);
• Mac Phau Ntawv Pro (tso nyob rau hauv lig 2010 los yog newer);
• Mac Phau Ntawv cua (tso nyob rau hauv lig 2009 los yog newer);
• Mac Mini (tso nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 2010 los yog tom qab);
• Mac Pro (tso nyob rau hauv lig 2010 los yog newer).

Rau lub system yuav tsum tau ib yam ntawm cov saum toj no computers.

Zoo rau lub system:

1. Stability thiab kev ruaj ntseg. Kua khoom yeej ib txwm tau paub txog lawv kev ruaj ntseg thiab stability. Computers yog tsis muaj exception thiab outdo tej sib tw system. Nyob rau hauv MacOS tsim ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov cuab yeej los tiv thaiv thiab txwv tsis pub hais tias tiv thaiv kom txhob raug mob mus rau thaum xaus neeg siv. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub system nws tsim deb tsawg dua cov kab mob.
2. Ib impressive fleet ntawm zoo software. Nyob rau hauv lub MacOS neej ntawd hais kev pob "software" yuav tsum tau rau cov chaw ua hauj lwm thiab creativity. Daim ntawv teev cov ntaub ntawv sau npe rau cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system cov kev pab cuam nkag mus hauv sau ntawv, web browsing, ua movies, nws lem, kos duab thiab thiaj li nyob. Tab sis lub developers ntawm lub AppStore, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau cov neeg nyob rau lub qhov rais, yog twv rau zoo thiab txawj xav es tsis cheapness.
3. system sis raug zoo nrog cov "hlau". MacOS operating system yog "sharpened" mus ua hauj lwm nrog ib tug nqaim ntau yam ntawm cov khoom, yog li ntawd, nws sau tau zoo thiab zoo. Muaj advanced kev pab txhawb nqa trackpad. Yuav luag tej khoom siv ua hauj lwm tsis muaj cov neeg tsav tsheb.
4. iCloud. Kua computers, raws li zoo li lwm yam khoom ntawm lub tuam txhab, ib txwm synchronized nrog cov huab iCloud. Qhov no yog los tiv thaiv tej ntaub ntawv khaws tseg rau hauv computer, thiab khaws cia mus txog hnub rau tag nrho cov koj pab kiag li lawm.

Tsis zoo ntawm lub cev:

1. Expensiveness. Cov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system nws tus kheej yog pub dawb, tab sis nws tsuas ua hauj lwm rau ib tug Mac, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, yog obscenely kim heev.
2. Tsawg ua si. Gamers feem ntau tsis tsim nyog mus saib ntawm MacOS, raws li tus xov tooj ntawm kev ua si, muab tso rau nws mob me, yog kev txom nyem. Koj muaj peev xwm tsis khiav tej niaj hnub gaming khoom, raws li lawv tsuas tsis hloov rau lub Mac, vim hais tias ntawm nws cov secrecy thiab tsis muaj zog tis.
3. Tsis muaj zog ua lag ua luam ya. Mac yog tsis heev heev nyob rau hauv lub neeg ib puag ncig, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Russia, yog li ntawd nws yog yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua mus nrhiav ib tug haum software. Cov koom haum feem ntau tsim ib cov khoom rau lub qhov rais.

Feem ntau cov tswv hlub lawv cov Mac OS, qhuas rau ib tug loj set ntawm cov kev pab cuam thiab ib tug ruaj khov txoj hauj lwm. Tsis zoo li MacOS feem ntau adherents ntawm lub qhov rais rau nws xav txog tej yam kev txwv thiab tus nqi ntawm cov kua computers.

Lub system no yog tsim rau tag nrho cov neeg uas nws txoj hauj lwm uas txuam nrog creativity. Nws musicians, directors thiab txawm neeg sau xov xwm.

Linux

Thaum lub free Linux operating system yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws qhia tawm ntawm lub computer ua lag luam. Nws muab kaw rau hauv lub npe hu daim ntawv teev cov PC khiav hauj lwm systems uas muaj feem 1%. Dua li no, lub system yog ib lub lag luam thawj coj nyob rau hauv mobile pab kiag li lawm thiab qhov kev thov nyob rau hauv cov servers.

Daim ntawv teev cov Linux operating systems:

• fedora;
• ubuntu;
• mint;
• OpenSUSE;
• gentoo;
• koov;
• Slackware.

Lawv yuav tsum Linux kev khiav hauj lwm systems yog tsis meej xwm. Kev cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau khiav tus system mas nws txawv heev, vim hais tias cov platform yog ntau yam thiab muaj peev xwm yuav muab tso ua ke rau tej yam "tshuab".

Zoo rau lub system:

1. Versatility thiab affordability. Lub system ua hauj lwm rau txhua yam, lus. Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv sab qaum teb, nyob rau hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv. Yog, thiab nyob rau lub tsev computers yog nce ntau, vim nws cuag. Lub system yog free, raws li zoo raws li feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau npe rau nws.
2. Community them nyiaj yug. Kev khiav hauj lwm systems raws li nyob rau hauv Linux yog qhib qhov chaw thiab lub developers yog ua hauj lwm rau lawv hnyav, uas thiaj li muaj qhov theem ntawm tus kab mob no ntshai heev txawm, kom tus kho lus ntawm tag nrho cov hom ntawm uas tsis, thiab feem ntau muaj ib tug zoo ntxim rau cov kev loj hlob ntawm lub system.
3. Ceev. Linux, tej zaum, feem ntau undemanding system. Nyob rau hauv lub "ib puag ncig" (system interface) thiab tis (system nws tus kheej), nws yog tau mus cuag heev kev ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub muaj zog "machine."

Tsis zoo ntawm lub cev:

1. Incompatibility nrog lub qhov rais. Yuav luag tag nrho cov ntawm cov software yog tsuas yog ib tug analogy nrog qhov rais, yog li zoo heev ua tsis tau zoo nyob rau hauv zoo. Cov tib mus rau kev ua si.
2. Qhov yuav tsum tau tsim lub davhlau ya nyob twg. yuav ua tau nrog ib tug graphical neeg siv interface system tswj, tab sis ua ntej los yog tom qab ntawd yuav muaj ib tug yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm nrog cov davhlau ya nyob twg (rau system tswj lub cuab tam nyob rau hauv phau ntawv hom), thiab ces kawm tej ntsiab cai ntawm lub cev, pab neeg no, cov qauv rau kev programming.
3. Incompatibility ntawm cov khoom. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm lub tsev ntawm ib tug laus lub tshuab luam ntawv, nws yog tau nrog luag 100% tseeb hais tias Linux yuav tsis txhawb nws.

Qhuas lub cev, tsuas yog cov uas yog heev fond ntawm computers thiab cov ntaub ntawv technology, cov neeg uas nyiam mus Rummage nyob rau hauv lub system. Tsis tu ncua cov neeg siv feem ntau tsis txaus siab vim hais tias muaj yog tsis muaj dab tsi nyob rau hauv lub system ua hauj lwm, kev lom zem.

Chav OS

Lwm freeware system, uas yog tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis ib tug plhaub nrog Linux los ntawm Valve. Cov khoom no yog aimed ntawm gamers thiab gaming platform Chav.

Chrome OS

Underdeveloped khoom los ntawm Google, uas yog tsuas yog siv rau Web daim ntaub ntawv thiab browser ntawm lub tib lub npe xwb. Qhov no system yog tsis konkuretosposobnoy piv nrog qhov rais thiab Mac, tab sis yog ua nrog ib lub qhov muag mus rau lub neej yav tom ntej, thaum lub web interface yuav hloov lub "tiag tiag" software. Lub neej ntawd qhov chaw kawm rau tag nrho cov computers Chromebook.

Installation ntawm ntau yam systems thiab kev siv cov virtual tshuab

Txij li thaum txhua platform nws muaj nws pros thiab cons, muaj yog feem ntau ib tug yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm nrog ob peb. Developers ntawm computers yog paub txog qhov no, yog li ntawd, muaj cov neeg siv lub peev xwm rau nruab tus tsav cia li ob los yog peb lub.

Nws yog yooj yim. Nws yuav tsum tau tsuas yog ib lub muab faib rau system (disc los yog USB flash drive loaded nrog lawv mounting cov ntaub ntawv uas) thiab lub qhov chaw dawb rau cov hard disk. Tag nrho cov niaj hnub khiav hauj lwm systems muaj thaum lub sij hawm installation faib qhov chaw thiab los ua ib tug khau raj mechanism uas qhia txog ib daim ntawv teev kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system thaum lub computer khau looj plab hlaub. Tag nrho cov ua nyob rau hauv semi-automatic hom, thiab lub hwj chim ntawm leej twg.

Rau cov kua computers muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb nqi hluav taws xob - Bootcamp, uas yog tsim los rau ib qho yooj yim thiab seamless installation ntawm qhov rais tom ntej no mus rau lub MacOS.

Muaj ib txoj kev - mus teem lub virtual system nyob rau hauv lub tiag tiag. Rau lub hom phiaj no qhov kev pab cuam: VMware thiab VirtualBox, tau ua raws li ib tug tag nrho lub computer thiab khiav cov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system.

es tsis txhob ntawm ib tug xaus

Daim ntawv teev cov kev khiav hauj lwm systems yog tsis yog tas rau cov saum toj no computer. Muaj ntau ntau ntawm cov khoom los ntawm ntau tuam txhab uas muag, tab sis lawv yog cov heev meej thiab tsis tsim nyog cov xim ntawm qhov nruab nrab neeg siv. Cov kev xaiv yog los ntawm lub qhov rais, MacOS thiab Linux, li ntawd, lawv muaj peev xwm thaiv feem ntau ntawm cov kev xav tau thiab yooj yim txaus mus kawm.