Dag nqaij. Khoom noj khoom haus nyob rau hauv cov hlab. Nyob rau hauv vitro nqaij

Tsis sim ua ntej muaj rau tib neeg mus saj tiag tiag qhov chaw nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov hlab - tus npau suav ntawm txhua tus me nyuam uas xav ua ib tug astronaut, zaum xav tsis thoob lub tshiab xov xwm: Tsis ntev lub ntiaj teb no yuav tsis muaj neeg tsis noj nqaij. Nrog qhov tseeb uas cov poj minds, tsis ntev peb yuav tsis tau mus tua tsiaj rau lub hom phiaj ntawm ib daim ntawm cov nqaij, ib lub ntiaj teb dawb los ntawm kev tshaib kev nqhis. Thaum dag nqaij yog loj hlob nyob rau hauv kev xeem plab roj hmab, koj yuav tau sim cov khoom noj khoom haus cov astronauts, uas yog muag nyob rau hauv ntau lub khw muag khoom. Lub keeb kwm ntawm tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob - khoom noj khoom haus nyob rau hauv cov hlab thiab nqaij zus nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev kuaj tube, yuav tsum tau tham nyob rau hauv hnub no tus tsab xov xwm.

Evolution ntawm lub raj

Niaj hnub no, qhov chaw cov zaub mov yog txuam nrog ib tug raj, thiab ntau cov me nyuam, cia li muab cov tshuaj txhuam hniav rau tus txhuam, qhia lawv tus kheej kov yeej limitless qhov chaw uas lwm tus lub ntiaj teb. Nws muaj peev xwm yuav nyob rau hauv cov hlab kua zaub los yog lub ntsiab lub tais ntawd yav tsaus ntuj rau lawv tsev neeg npaj ib qhov chaw themed noj hmo, tab sis qhov tiag astronauts muaj yuav luag tsis nco qab lawm txog lub txhuas hlab, thiab tam sim no noj ib pluag mov tau ntim rau hauv ib lub tshuab nqus, "cov tais diav" cov kaus poom.

Tus thawj hlab rau khaws cia zaub mov yees nyob rau hauv Estonia, qhov twg txij li thaum xyoo 1964 txhua txhua hostess yuav yuav txiv hmab txiv ntoo jelly nyob rau hauv no pob, tab sis ib tsev neeg nrog zoo yooj yim inflicted ib tug tua nyob rau hauv ib tug yob. Nws muab tawm hais tias cov qauv ua hlab Baltic tshuaj Hoobkas nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ua raws li tsis tsuas lub teb chaws no tus qauv, tab sis kuj qhov chaw. Uas yog vim li cas Estonia tau ua tus loj tshaj plaws ua huaj lwm, ua ntim rau zaub mov qhov chaw explorers.

Dhau nqaim caj dab ntawm lub raj tiv thaiv tau tus astronauts xis noj li cov zaub mov daim yog tsuas nyob rau hauv nws daig, thiab Tiraspol cog nyob rau hauv 1970 yog muaj peev xwm "kho" lub caj dab mus rau ib tug ntau yooj yim loj, extending nws mus rau 2 millimeters, uas yog txaus rau qhov chaw cov zaub mov yuav kom ua zoo li ib lub tsev, nrog rau daim ntawm cov nqaij thiab zaub.

Nyob rau hauv 1982, zaum dua me ntsis kho ntim rau qhov chaw cov zaub mov. Sublimation khoom pib yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv tshwj xeeb lub hnab, uas ua ntej yuav siv ncuav dej kub kom sov zaub mov tau ua.

Yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tsis tau noj hamburgers?

Cov thawj neeg uas tau sim noj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw txawv dua li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lwm lub teb chaws, tau ua astronauts los ntawm lub tebchaws United States. Chiv, cov khoom noj yog tswvcuab qhuav cov khoom, uas twb tau sau nrog dej ua ntej yuav siv. Xws li ib tug hwj chim tsis nplua txhua leej txhua tus, thiab cov uas kov yeej qhov chaw surreptitiously sneaking aboard ib txwm noj cov zaub mov. Yog li ntawd coob tsim nyog nco teeb meem uas coj qhov chaw nrog astronaut John Hluas swept aboard ib tug tiag tiag nyuaj. Lub tej yam kev mob ntawm weightlessness noj no lub tais muab tau tsis yooj yim sua, bun tawg khiav ri niab me me khoom noj tag nrho cov thoob lub nkoj, thiab thoob plaws rau tag nrho cov ntxiv davhlau neeg coob lub neej tau muab rau hauv ib tug npau suav phem.

Los ntawm lub eighties zaub mov nyob rau hauv cov hlab ua tus xaiv xwb rau lub noj qab haus huv ntawm astronauts thiab lawv cov zaub mov muaj ntau tshaj peb puas sib txawv cov tais diav. Niaj hnub no, nws tsis yog raws li uas nws kim heev, tus xov tooj ntawm muaj tais diav twb txo yuav luag ob zaug.

Yuav ua li cas hnub no yog pub Lavxias teb sab cosmonauts?

Niaj hnub no, khoom noj khoom haus nyob rau hauv cov hlab luag ua poob lawm nws qhov tseeb. Cov tais diav yog tau ntim rau hauv tshwj xeeb lub tshuab nqus tsev ntim, thiab khoom noj ua ntej sau dhau mus khov kom qhuav. Raws li xws li, yooj yim kom tag nrho lub cev xav tau cov zaub mov thiab vitamins, freshly npaj zaub mov saj, nws cov thawj tsos, thiab xws li tej khoom khaws cia thaum twg kub mus txog tsib lub xyoos. Cov khoom noj ntawm Lavxias teb sab chaw explorers muaj kua zaub, nceb kua zaub, halophyte, mov nrog steamed zaub, Greek nyias thiab nyias ntawm ntsuab taum, nqaij nyuj tus nplaig, nqaij qaib, nqaij nyug thiab nqaij npuas, steaks, scrambled qe nrog nqaij qaib siab, khob cij, tsis tau crumble, cheese thiab ntau ntau lwm yam tais diav. Los ntawm txoj kev, tsev cheese tsuas Lavxias teb sab zaum tau muaj kev tswj kom hloov mus rau qhov ntev nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, thiab cov khoom no, peb astronauts zoo siab mus koom nrog lawv cov txawv teb chaws counterparts.

Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub xeev txhua txhua hnub khoom noj khoom haus ntawm ib tug cosmonaut nqi 20 txhiab rubles. Qhov no tus nqi tsis vam khom cov khoom thiab ntim tshuab, cov nqi ntawm cov khoom noj justifies me nyuam ntawm cov khoom rau lub rooj tsavxwm, uas yog tsim nyog 7000 dollars ib kilogram.

Powered American astronauts

Tsis zoo li Lavxias teb sab astronauts, aboard uas tsis muaj microwave ncu thiab tub yees, Americans yuav khav ntawm xws tsim nyog cov khoom. Vim hais tias ntawm no lawv noj cov zaub mov yog ntau ntau yam. Lawv muaj peev xwm them taus rau semis. Tus so ntawm cov tais diav yog zoo sib xws, raws li zoo raws li lub Russians, American lug txhawb cov miv noj freeze-dried zaub mov. Cov tseem ntawm lub hwj chim ntawm lub US astronauts ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm citrus, ib lub sij hawm thaum peb hais mav xav txiv hmab thiab apples.

lwm lub teb chaws

Japanese thiab nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua tsis tau yam uas tsis muaj tsoos sushi, ntau yam qib ntawm cov tshuaj yej ntsuab, kua zaub nrog mij thiab soy sauce.

Suav astronauts noj ntau ze rau peb li ib txwm noj. Lub hauv paus ntawm lawv noj cov zaub mov yog mov, nqaij npuas thiab nqaij qaib.

Qhov tseem txawv cov tais diav yuav khav Fabkis. Lawv yog tas li nyob rau hauv lub Rooj Tswjhwm Saib nceb truffles, cheese. Nyob rau hauv ib cov ntaub ntawv, Fabkis astronaut tsis kam muab sneaked mus rau hauv lub nkoj cheese nrog pwm. Zaum yog ntshai hais tias qhov no pwm yuav cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lom puag ncig nyob rau hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb.

qhov chaw rau yav tom ntej dag nqaij

Nyob rau hauv vitro nqaij, muaj zaub thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo zus nyob rau hauv lub vaj nyob rau hauv ib tug spaceship - nws yog lub neej tom ntej ntawm qhov chaw tshawb kawm. Zaum rau ntau xyoo ua hauj lwm los mus tsim ib lub nkoj uas yuav txav mus rau astronauts rau Mars, mus ib txoj kev uas ntev nyob rau hauv ib tug ob peb xyoos nyob rau hauv ntev.

Tab sis lub nkoj tsis yog qhov teeb meem xwb, tus neeg tshawb fawb kuj ua hauj lwm rau lub creation ntawm lub vaj, nyob qhov twg lub astronauts yuav tsum tau kom loj hlob zaub. Rau ob peb lub xyoo, muaj kev ntsuam xyuas rau loj hlob dag cov nqaij uas astronauts kuj yuav tau kom loj hlob lawv tus kheej, li ntawd, cov zaub mov yog tag nrho. Nws yog ib qhov khoom yuav rau yav tom ntej tsis tsuas yog ntawm qhov chaw kev lag luam, tab sis, ntawm tag nrho cov noob neej.

nqaij nyob rau hauv Nqaij

Zaum tau kawm yuav ua li cas los tsim dag nqaij, thiab qhov no xov xwm tau txaus siab cov neeg feem coob. Peb yog los ntawm qhov ua npua, thiab lub cev mus rau lag luam cia li xav tau nqaij, nws muaj cov tshuaj yeeb dej caw. Muaj coob tus neeg ua tsis noj nqaij vim hais tias ntawm txoj kev hlub loj rau cov tsiaj, ib co vim kev muaj mob, tsis tas mus noj ib pluag mov, thaum lwm tus neeg tsuas yuav tsis muaj nyiaj yuav noj tais nqaij txhua hnub, raws li cov nyiaj txiag yog me me.

Tag nrho cov teeb meem no tau solved, thiab tsis ntev txhua leej txhua tus nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj chaw yuav ua tau ib tug nqaij-eater, vim hais tias thaum raug cov khoom, tsis muaj tsiaj yuav raug kev txom nyem, nws yuav zoo txawm, raws li thaum zus nqaij yog npaum li cas mus rau hauv tus account kiag li tag nrho cov ntsiab lus nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev kuaj raj.

Leej twg xav tau nws?

Ib txhia yuav nug hais tias: "Yog vim li cas tag nrho cov teeb meem no loj hlob thoob plaws hauv keeb kwm cov grunting, lowing thiab clucking, yog vim li cas tsis mus txuas ntxiv?". Qhov no yog hais tias cov tib neeg yog loj hlob nrog zoo kawg ceev, tag nrho xwb nqaij nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm yog tsis txaus, thiab nyob rau hauv tej lub teb chaws, cov neeg muaj tiag tiag tshaib plab, raws li cov khoom no - kim heev.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus rau lub sib ntaus tawm tsam kev tshaib kev nqhis yuav tsis muaj teeb meem xws li slaughterhouses, uas cuam tshuam nrog rau tej pw tsaug zog thaum hmo ntuj mus rau lub defenders ntawm cov tsiaj. Tsis ntxim hlub creation tsis muab lawv lub neej los pub ib tug neeg.

Dhau li tsiaj, loj hlob dag nqaij yuav txuag tau ntau hectares ntawm thaj av uas yuav tsum tau siv los tsim vaj tsev rau cov neeg, es tsis teb. Tsis tas li ntawd, peb yuav tsum muaj peev xwm cawm cov ib puag ncig, lub ntiaj teb no sov yog alluding mus rau lub fact tias nws yog lub sij hawm los txo qhov tsawg ntawm cov teeb meem tshuaj mus rau hauv cov cua. Dag nqaij noj 40% tsawg dua hwj chim ntawm 98% tsawg dua av tsim nyog rau nws cov cultivation, 95% yuav muab sau ua ke tsawg tsev cog khoom roj thiab methane, uas ua rau lub ntiaj teb no ua kom sov, thaum lub sij hawm txo noj nqos tau cov dej huv.

Yuav kom loj hlob dag nqaij nyob rau hauv 2050 yuav tsum muaj rau txhua tus neeg, nws yuav muaj ntau yam pheej yig dua tshaj qhov tam sim no, thiab tus nqi yuav los siav qhov yuav tsum tau rau cov zaub mov ntawm tag nrho cov noob neej.

Lub keeb kwm ntawm kev xeem raj nqaij

Winston Churchill hais tias muaj ib hnub peb yuav loj hlob ib tug qaib rau noj rau txhua txhua hnub tsuas ob lub mis, tab sis nws yog ib tug noog cawm, muab ib zaug ib ob peb hlwb, uas yuav loj hlob nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib puag ncig. Los yav tom ntej ntawm ib tug zoo kawg tus thawj tswj hwm pib tuaj yeej muaj tseeb nyob rau hauv 2000, thaum kev soj ntsuam ntawm muab kev soj ntsuam ntawm nws xyaum ua tej yam, loj hlob ib tug me me daim nqaij los ntawm hlwb coj los ntawm goldfish.

Nyob rau hauv 2001, NASA yog muaj kev cuam tshuam rau qhov yuav tsum tau rau astronauts nyob rau hauv ntev-lub sij hawm thiab samovozobnovlyaemom qhov chaw ntawm cov zaub mov, thiab pib thwmsim rau loj hlob qaib ntxhw nqaij.

Nyob rau hauv 2009, zaum los ntawm lub Netherlands hais tias lawv twb tau loj hlob ib daim ntawm nqaij npuas. Lawv muab lub tau ntawm lawv cov ua hauj lwm rau kev saib xyuas ntawm tag nrho cov kev ntiaj teb no, thiab yog li twb tau mus nrhiav tau ib tug ntau ntawm cov sponsors kam nqis peev nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm qhov kev lag luam.

Hamburger nrog dag nqaij

Ib daim ntawm nqaij npuas zus zaum no yog thawj zoo nyob rau hauv loj hlob nqaij nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev kuaj raj. Nws tau txiav txim siab mus txuas ntxiv mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug muab kev taw qhia thiab nyiaj txiag tsis yog ntev nyob rau hauv los. Muaj nplua nwj hloov los ntawm ib ncig lub ntiaj teb no pib nqis peev nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob ntawm, thiab lawv tus kheej xaiv nyob rau hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo, tsis muaj raws lawv cov npe.

Tus paub txog Mark Post coj li cov sau qoob rau nyuj, thiab tau cog lus tseg tias nyob rau hauv 2012 yuav muab ib daim, uas yog txaus los npaj ib lub hamburger. Tsuas yog ib zaug ceeb toom hais tias tus nqi ntawm no piece yuav ntuj-high school, thiab lub saj zoo yuav tsis phim tiag tiag nqaij, tab sis qhov no yog tsuas yog thaum pib!

Dag nqaij los ntawm qia hlwb nyuj yuav loj hlob mus rau ib tug luj ntawm 140 grams rau 2013, thiab los ntawm nws, raws li tau cog lus tseg, tau npaj ib tug txais tos hamburger. Tsuas tais tsis muab npe rau auction, thiab pub dawb Hanni Ruttseru dietitian kom tau ib tug kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm lub tiav lawm ua ntej dag nqaij haum rau tib neeg noj.

Lub tasting coj qhov chaw nyob rau hauv London, thiab "kev sim" noj haus tauj nws kev txiav txim: qhuav heev, kiag li devoid ntawm roj nqaij, tab sis kuj siav.

Zaum tau cog lus tseg hais tias nyob rau hauv lub tej yam kev mob ntawm txuas ntxiv nyiaj yuav loj hlob muaj kua, loj daim nqaij nyob rau hauv ib tug luv luv lub sij hawm. Lawv hais tias lawv twb tau mus nrhiav kom tau qhov ua dryness, thiab paub yuav ua li cas los txhim kho qhov teeb meem no rau lub zoo dua. Yog hais tias qhov zoo muaj zog ntawm lub khw muag khoom noj tom qab 20 xyoo yuav tsum pheej yig thiab zoo zoo ntawm cov khoom cua nqaij.

Yuav ua li cas kom loj hlob nqaij nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev kuaj raj?

Qhuav ntawm dag nqaij yog ib tug ncaj nyuab txheej txheem. Cov tsiaj qia hlwb yog npaum li cas thiab muab tso rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb lub thawv, qhov chaw uas lawv yuav loj hlob tuaj. Hlwb lossi xav tau kev pab oxygen, uas nyob rau hauv ib tug nyob tau nkag nrog cov hlab ntsha. Ntawm no hlab ntsha hloov bioreactors, nyob rau hauv uas yog tsim nyob rau ib daim ntaub tub dej matrix (muaj loj hlob nqaij enriched nrog rau oxygen, tshem tawm pov tseg).

Nws muaj ob hom ntawm cov khoom cua nqaij: unbound nqaij, nqaij tag nrho. Saum toj no lub thib ob embodiment khiav lag luam sib kws tshawb fawb. Tus txheej txheem yog complex raws li nws yog tsim nyog qhov tseeb tsim ntawm lub fibers, thiab yuav tsum tau mus cob qhia txhua txhua hnub rau no nqaij! Yog vim li cas txoj kev loj hlob yog tseem dhau lawm ntev.

complexity

Keeb cultivated nqaij yuav yuav kim, thiab tsis yog txhua tus lub tuam txhab yuav twv coj nws cov kev taw qhia mus rau hauv lub Cov Qib ntawm cov neeg paub cov khoom.

Nws kuj yuav ua teeb meem nrog kev ntseeg siab ib tug txiv neej mus xws li ib cov khoom. ntau cov lus nug yuav hais txog yuav ua li cas genetic kev hloov kho yuav cuam tshuam rau kev kho mob ntawm tus kab mob. Tsis yog txhua tus yuav tau mus noj dag nqaij, raws li ntshai ntawm nws hmoov zoo, tab sis yog zaum thiab cog lus tias nws yuav ua tau ntau ruaj ntseg tshaj rau tam sim no.

Nws yuav siv sij hawm ib tug ntau lub sij hawm rau cov neeg accustomed mus rau innovation, li ntawd, qhov kev lag luam yuav tsim ntau qeeb tshaj xav tau.

Ua liaj ua teb twb pib txhawj txog lawv zoo, vim hais tias lawv ntshai tsam cov "nyoos cev nqaij daim tawv" yuav tsum muaj nyob rau hauv kev thov, thiab lawv yuav tsis ua hauj lwm.

Txawm li cas los, txawm tus phem heev hau, dag nqaij - yav tom ntej peb thiab lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm tag nrho cov ntiaj chaw. Peb yuav saib rau pem hauv ntej rau thaum koj yuav txaus siab rau ib tug hamburger, rau zus tau tej cov uas twb tsis yuav tsum tau tua ib tug tsiaj!