CPR ntau clauses: Piv txwv

Cov syntax ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus , tus qauv ntawm cov nqe lus thiab kab ntawv. Nyob rau hauv no tshwj xeeb yog nyuaj thiab feem ntau ua rau cov cim siv tsim ntau hom ntawm complex ua ke, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog peb los yog ntau tshaj predicative qhov chaw. Xav txog tej piv txwv hom CPR uas muaj ntau hom clauses, rau txoj kev sib txuas lus yog lub ntsiab thiab accessory qhov chaw, qhov chaw kawm kev cai nyob rau hauv lawv cov cim.

Complex kab lus: Lus Txhais

Yuav kom meej meej qhia lub tswv yim uas peb siv txawv syntaxes. Complex tswv yim txog yog yus muaj los ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias nws pom tau tias ob los sis ntau predicate ib feem. Tej zaum lawv yuav sib npaug rau txhua lwm yam los yog mus nkag rau hauv ib tug kev sib raug zoo ntawm dependence. CPR - nws yog ib lub tswv yim, uas yog kev kawm mus rau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub paranasal thiab txuas mus rau nws los ntawm txoj kev subordinating conjunctions thiab / los yog phooj ywg lo lus. Piv txwv li, "[Stepan yog nkees heev nyob rau hauv lub yav tsaus ntuj], (VIM LI CAS?) (Vim hais tias nws yog ib tug hnub tsis tsawg tshaj li kaum kilometers deb)." Ntawm no thiab hauv qab no, cov square nkhaus txhais tus thawj xib fwb yog ib feem ntawm lub round - nyob. Raws li, nyob rau hauv lub NGN nrog ob peb clauses faib tsawg kawg yog peb predicative qhov chaw, ob tug uas yuav tsum nyob, "[Zos, (? DAB TSI) (tam sim no dhau), twb paub zoo Andrei Petrovich], (VIM LI CAS?) (Vim hais tias nws twb muaj nyob rau ntawm no ib tug zoo ib nrab ntawm nws thaum yau). " Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom raug txheeb xyuas rau ib thaj tsam ntawm tej yam yooj yim ua ke, nyob qhov twg koj yuav tau muab commas.

CPR uas muaj ntau hom subordinate

Lub rooj piv txwv los pab txiav txim uas hom compound kab lus raug muab faib ua peb los yog ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub predicate.

Peb yuav to taub yuav ua li cas los mus txiav txim lub hom subordination NGN nrog ob peb clauses. Qhov no yuav pab tau nyob rau hauv lub saum toj no piv txwv.

raws cuav

Nyob rau hauv cov kab lus "[Cov tub hluas khiav mus rau ib tug khiav mus rau hauv tus dej] ^1, (dej uas yog twb txaus sov) ^2, (vim hais tias qhov kawg ob peb hnub tau incredibly kub) ^3" thawj qhov txawv peb qhov chaw. Ces siv cov lus nug teem semantic kev sib raug zoo: [... ^X] (nyob qhov twg ^X ...), (vim hais tias ...). Peb pom tias tus thib ob yog ib feem tau hloov zuj zuj mus rau hauv ib tug loj rau peb.

Ntawm no yog lwm cov piv txwv. "[Nyob rau lub rooj yog ib tug hub ntawm qus paj], (uas tau sau hais mav), (thaum peb mus rau hauv lub hav zoov nyob rau hauv ib ncig saib)." Tsav no CPR zoo xws li cov thawj: [... ^X], (uas ... ^X) (nyob qhov twg ...).

Yog li, nrog rau txhua successive uniform subordinate ib feem nws nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los yog ib tug. Tej WBS nrog ntau clauses - piv txwv ua pov thawj nws - reminiscent ntawm ib cov saw, qhov twg txhua tom ntej txuas txuas mus rau position pem hauv ntej.

Parallel (inhomogeneous) subjection

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tag nrho cov clauses hais txog lub ntsiab (rau tag nrho los yog ib feem ntawm txoj kev muaj), tab sis teb rau ntau cov lus nug thiab sib txawv nyob rau hauv tus nqi. "(Thaum ib tug hais lus tau hais lus tag lawm), ¹ [nyob rau hauv lub nrog silence] ^2, (vim hais tias cov pej xeem tau raug xav tsis thoob hnov) ^3". Cia peb tsom xam cov WBS nrog ntau clauses. Scheme nws yuav zoo li (qhov twg ...) [... ^X], (txij li thaum ...). Peb pom hais tias cov thawj feem ntawm lub paranasal (nws sawv ua ntej lub ntsiab) qhia tias lub sij hawm, thiab lub thib ob - yog vim li cas. Thiaj li, lawv yuav teb txawv cov lus nug. Ib tug thib ob Piv txwv li: "[Vladimir hnub no yeej yuav tsum tau kawm] ^1, (nyob li cas lub sij hawm lub tsheb ciav hlau tuaj txog ntawm Tyumen) ^2, (nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm kom tau raws li ib tug phooj ywg) ^3." Thawj feem ntawm lub paranasal - izjasnitelnyh thib ob - lub hom phiaj.

niaj hnub zoo li subjection

Qhov no yog cov ntaub ntawv thaum nws yog tsim nyog lub analogy nrog rau lwm cov paub syntax. Sau npe ntawm PP nrog zoo xws li cov neeg thiab xws li CS nrog ob peb subordinate cai yog tib yam. Tseeb, nyob rau hauv cov kab lus "[Anton tham txog] ^1, (uas reinforcements sai tuaj) ² thiab (koj yuav tsum cia li ib tug me ntsis ua siab ntev) ^3" subordinate ib feem - 2nd thiab 3rd - yuav mus rau tib lo lus, yog lub luag hauj lwm rau lo lus nug "li cas?" thiab neb ob leeg yeej izjasnitelnyh. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, lawv sib thooj ntawm lub union thiab ua ntej uas tsis muaj comma. Sawv cev rau nws raws li ib tug qauv: [... ^X], (uas ...) thiab (...).

Lub WBS nrog ntau clauses rau ib tug uniform subordination ntawm subordinate units tej zaum siv tau, tej tswj conjunctions - cim kev cai yog tib yam li nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm homogeneous neeg - thiab subordinative nyob rau hauv lub thib ob yog ib feem tej zaum yuav tsis mus kawm zoo rau nws. Piv txwv li, "[Nws tau ntev sawv ntawm cov qhov rai thiab ntsia] ^1, (raws li lub tsev ib tug tom qab lwm tsav lub tsheb) thiab ² (neeg ua hauj lwm mos txwv lub tsev ntaub ntawv) ^3."

WBS nrog ntau clauses nrog ntau yam ntawm subordination

Heev feem ntau, raws li ib feem ntawm ib tug complex kab lus yog muab faib ua plaub los yog ntau qhov chaw. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lawv muaj peev xwm sib txuas lus nrog txhua lwm yam nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev. Xa mus rau lub rooj piv txwv: "[Nastya thib ob lub sij hawm re-nyeem tsab ntawv (uas trembled nyob rau hauv nws ob txhais tes) ^2, thiab kuv xav tias] ^1, (uas yuav tam sim no tau mus poob tawm) ^3, (uas nws vam rau lub neej tshiab tsis materialize) ⁴ ". Qhov no lub tswv yim thaum uas tig mus (inhomogeneous) (n 1,2,3-4) thiab niaj hnub (U 2,3,4) subjection [... ^X (uas, ...), ... ^X], (uas ...), (... uas ). Los yog lwm cov kev xaiv: "[Tag nrho txoj kev, Tatiana hais tias tsis muaj dab tsi thiab cia li stared tawm lub qhov rai] ^1, (rau cov uas yog flashed ib tug me me, zoo spaced rau txhua lwm lub zos) ^2, (qhov chaw uas cov neeg tau tibneeg hu tauj coob) thiab ³ (tag nrho viav vias ua hauj lwm) ^4)." Qhov no txoj kab nrog serial (P P 1,2,4 thiab 1,2,3) thiab niaj hnub (U 2,3,4) subjection [... ^X], (rau cov uas, ...), (nyob qhov twg ...) thiab (... ).

Cim ntawm lub hlws ris ntawm cov tsev koom nyiaj

Yuav kom npaj cim tias nyob rau hauv compound ua ke, mas feem ntau yog txaus kom raug txheeb xyuas rau ib thaj tsam ntawm predicative qhov chaw. Complexity feem ntau sawv cev rau cov cim NGN nrog ntau subordinate - circuits piv txwv: [... ^X], (xws li (uas ...), ces (thaum (uas ...), ...) los yog [... ^X], [... ^X] ...) - thaum muaj ob subordinating union (union cov ntawm lo lus). Qhov no yog raug rau tshwm sim los muaj kev mloog lus. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum them sai sai mus rau lub xub ntiag ntawm lub thib ob yog ib feem ntawm lub ob union nyob rau hauv kab lus. Piv txwv li, "[Nyob rau lub rooj zaum tseem qhib phau ntawv] ^1, (uas, (yog tias lub sij hawm yog sab laug) ^3, Constantine yuav yeej tau nyeem mus rau thaum xaus) ^2". Qhov thib ob xaiv: "[Kuv cog] ^1, (uas (thaum kuv tau rov qab los ntawm ib qho chaw twg hauv tsev) ^3, nco ntsoov mus xyuas koj thiab qhia rau koj txhua yam nyob rau hauv kom meej) ^2." Thaum uas soj ntsuam txog tej WBS nrog ntau clauses cai nram qab no. Yog hais tias qhov thib ob clause yuav raug tshem tawm los ntawm lub tswv yim, tsis muaj prejudice rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug tsis nco qab ntawm lub tsev koom nyiaj (thiab / los yog allied lus) muab tso - yog hais tias tsis tuaj kawm ntawv. Rov qab mus rau cov thawj Piv txwv li: "[phau ntawv uas nyob rau hauv lub rooj zaum] ¹ (uas muaj sij hawm los nyeem los ntawm) ^2". Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob cov ntaub ntawv, cov cais tawm ntawm lub thib ob yog ib feem ntawm lub grammatical qauv ntawm cov subordinate proposals yuav ntxhov los ntawm lo lus "tus".

yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Ib tug neeg pab rau kawm CPR nrog ob peb clauses - ce uas pab rau ntsaub lub mas yuav kis tau paub. Yog li ntawd nws yog zoo dua rau ua raws li cov algorithm.

1. Nyeem kom zoo zoo lub tswv yim txog seb yuav muab cov nws lub grammatical bases thiab qhia kom meej rau ib thaj tsam ntawm predicative qhov chaw (tej yam yooj yim ua ke).
2. Xaiv cov txhais tau tias kev sib txuas lus, tsis nco qab txog lub Cheebtsam los yog kev siv ntawm ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tsev koom nyiaj.
3. Yuav kom tsim muaj nuj nqis kev sib txuas ntawm qhov chaw: ua li no, ua ntej nrhiav lub tsev, ces muab nws nyob rau hauv qhov teeb meem (s) mus rau lub subordinate (ntawm th).
4. Tsim rau hauv Circuit Court qhia nyob rau hauv nws xib xub dependence qhov chaw los ntawm txhua lwm yam, tso nws nyob rau hauv lub cim tias. Hloov lub commas nyob rau hauv daim ntawv sau kev.

Yog li, cov xim nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho thiab tsom xam (xws li cov cim) complex kab lus - NGN nrog ntau subordinate yeej - thiab tso siab rau tus saum toj no nta ntawm no syntax kom tseeb tua ntawm cov lus raws qib.