Cov zauv ntawm cov ntshav cov nqaijrog los ntawm electrophoresis

Cov tib neeg lub cev - ib tug complex system nyob rau hauv uas txhua txhua ob muaj ntau ntau yam tshuaj dab: tus cov tshuaj hormones ua zauv feem ntawm cov ntshav cov nqaijrog, pigments, etc. txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj ua muaj rau cov neeg, muaj ntau yam kev tshawb fawb los mus txiav txim rau cov theem ntawm xws tshuaj ... Txawv txav tej zaum yuav qhia txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, los yog yuav lub txiaj ntsim ntawm physiological yam.

lus qhia dav dav

Muaj ntau ntau tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv uas ib tug neeg zauv feem ntawm cov ntshav protein ntau zog. Yuav ua li cas yog nws, dab tsi yuav qhia tau tias zoo ib yam li cov nuj nqis, ob peb paub.

Cov tshuaj yog ib feem ntawm cov ntshav ntshav thiab muaj txoj amino acids.

Ua qho tseem ceeb heev functions:

1. Thauj tsim nyog tshuaj (uas tej zaum yuav txaus tshuaj, lipids, vitamins, minerals, pigments thiab cov zoo li. D.).
2. Lub luag hauj lwm rau txhaws.
3. Kom lub acid-alkaline tshuav nyiaj li cas.
4. Kho qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm leukocytes, erythrocytes thiab platelets.
5. Feem xyuam rau txoj hauv lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv.

Lawv theem nyob rau hauv lub taub hau ntawm cov ntshav. Tuab thiab khov kua zuj zus dhau mus los ntawm cov hlab ntsha, yog li ntsuas lub lag luam ntawm tag nrho cov hlab plawv system.

Yuav kom txiav txim seb qhov protein feem yog nqa tawm ad hoc tsom - proteinogramma.

Biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav

Qhov no kuaj txoj kev tshawb no yog ib qho ntawm feem tuav thiab nrov. Nws tau raug tsa yuav luag tag nrho cov neeg niaj pw kho mob.

Nws tso cai rau koj mus ntsuam xyuas tag nrho cov kev mob ntawm lub cev thiab lub zog ntawm txawv kabmob rau ntau yam tsis.

protein feem nyob rau hauv lub biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav yog ib tug tseem ceeb heev ib feem, uas yog nqa tawm rau tag nrho cov neeg uas muaj feem yuav rau ib co kab mob pawg.

Yuav kom qhia

Feem ntau cov feem ntau, qhov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov protein fractions kws kho rau xav tias pathology raws li nram no:

• myeloma;
• monoclonal gammopathy.

Ua proteinogram qhia nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas:

• autoimmune dab (scleroderma, lupus erythematosus, Hashimoto tireoditom);
• mob thiab mob kis kab mob (herpes, kab mob siab ntawm tag nrho cov hom, Epstein-Barr virus thiab cytomegalovirus);
• malobsorbtsii cov tsos mob (mob indigestion, manifested los ntawm raws plab, steatorrhea, uas ua rau malabsorption cov as-ham);
• noj mob (tsis muaj los yog kev nce rau hauv qab los noj mov, yees rau kev xaiv tsa ib co khoom).

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yuav tsum xeem nyob rau ib tug tag nrho kev soj ntsuam xyuas lub cev (kev ntsuas ntawm txawv cov kab mob).

Ib tug txiav txim nyob rau hauv kev xav tau cov kev tshawb fawb yuav tsum tau tus kws kho mob (general practitioner) nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsis txaus siab, keeb kwm ntawm tus neeg mob, kev kuaj tau thiab li ntawd.

tsom xam nta

Tag nrho cov neeg mob uas tau tsa txoj kev tshawb no zauv feem ntawm cov nqaijrog nyob rau hauv cov ntshav, koj yuav tsum paub:

1. Tus txheej txheem yog ua rau ib qho kev npliag plab thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv thaum sawv ntxov. Ua ntej yuav pib ntawm tus me nyuam tsis txhob noj rau 8 teev.
2. Nyob rau lub tswv yim pom zoo nruj noj haus (tsis suav haus dej haus cawv, fatty, smoked, kib, ntsim, ceev ceev khoom noj khoom haus, mayonnaise, ketchup thiab lwm yam teeb meem cov khoom). Nws yog ib advisable kom tsis txhob tsawg ntawm cov protein.
3. 30-60 min. tsis muaj haus luam yeeb.
4. Tsis txhob ntsuam kev tshawb fawb: x-rays, X-rays, ultrasound, thiab lwm yam rau ob peb hnub ua ntej mus rau lub tsom xam ...
5. Nyob rau lub tswv yim yuav tsis ntshai thiab ua zog ua lub cev ua si.
6. Cov me nyuam yau teething txheej txheem yog tsis nqa tawm.

Kev ua txhaum ntawm tej yam khoom los ntawm daim ntawv saum toj no muaj peev xwm pauv cov, sau tus neeg mob thiab tus kws kho mob yog yuam kev. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua raws li ib daim ntawv teev kev pom zoo.

Yuav ua li cas lwm tus muaj peev xwm ua rau ib tug sib txawv nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim:

• tso dej Txoj kev lis ntshav dlaws;
• tawm fws;
• cev xeeb tub;
• lactation;
• hnyav loads;
• txaj so;
• kev tsim txom ntawm ib tug protein zaub mov.

nrhiav kom tau txoj kev

Cov zauv ntawm cov nqaijrog yog ib feem ntawm tag nrho cov protein. Cov yav tas yog txiav txim los ntawm kev cov saum toj no-piav biochemical ntshav tsom xam. Yog xav paub ntxaws kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm qhov nqi koj tshuav ntawm nws hais muaj ntau cov kev tshawb fawb.

Qhov tseem tuav thiab nrov txheej txheem yog electrophoresis, uas yuav ua tau siv ib tug tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv uas:

• hromatogroficheskoy ntawv;
• cellulose acetate zaj duab xis;
• cov hmoov txhuv nplej los yog agar gel.

Nws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib tug hluav taws xob tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov ntshav proteins uas muab tso rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb daim ntawv los yog ib tug gel. Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm kis ib tug tsis zoo xwb cov neeg ua hauj, nyob rau hauv tus ntawm cov kev cai ntawm physics yog tsiv mus rau cov anode thiab tej zaum yuav raug rho tawm nyob rau hauv 6 txawv fractions, namely:

• albumin;
• globulin (alpha-1 thiab alpha-2);
• globulins (beta thiab gamma);
• prealbumin.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus txiav txim cov ntshav protein fractions los ntawm electrophoresis, lab technicians yuav siv thiab lwm yam tsawg nrov txoj kev:

• gel pom;
• immunoassay;
• nag lossis daus;
• sedimentation.

Kev cai thiab hloov

Qhov tsom xam yog ua sai sai txaus, thiab cov yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv cov nram qab no hnub.

Nyob rau qhov kev kawm ntawm cov zauv feem ntawm cov nqaijrog yog los ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb. Qhov nruab nrab nqi ntawm tej ntshav yuav tsum tau (g / dl):

• Albumin - 3,5-5,00;
• A-1 - 0.1-0.3;
• ib-2 - 0,6-1,00;
• beta - 0.7-1.2;
• gamma - 0.7-1.6.

Tag nrho cov protein piv yuav tsum nyob rau hauv ntau 6,4-8,3 g / dl.

Li cas rau cov kev nce

ntshav protein fractions yuav tsum nquag yuav nyob rau hauv ib lub ratio, uas characterizes lub general mob ntawm tib neeg lub cev.

Kev ua txhaum ntawm no tshuav nyiaj li cas cais kab mob dysproteinemia hereinafter.

Nyob rau hauv lub ua haujlwm ntawm ib tug faction yuav tham txog ib co pathologies, implicitly los yog ntsees tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub cev. Yog hais tias tsa theem:

• albumin - qhov no tej zaum yuav qhia siab thiab raum kab mob; e.g., kab mob siab, mob npuas paug, carcinoma, pyelonephritis thiab lwm yam;
• globulins ntawm alpha 1 (2) - tej zaum yuav qhia hauv lub xub ntiag mob, mob kev nyuab siab los yog lub khiav theem ntawm mob cancer metastasis;
• beta - nyob rau hauv lub cev tej zaum yuav tam sim no hyperlipoproteinemia (lipid metabolism);
• Gamma - txoj kev loj hlob npaum li cas yog cov yam ntxwv rau cov allergic ntawm kab mob (cov kab mob los yog kab).

Yog hais tias thaum lub sij hawm proteinogram hauv qhov kev xeem sawb yog kuaj txawv txav monoclonal protein, nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, qhov no yog vim li cas nyaj myeloma - ib tug mob cancer ntawm ntshav hlwb. Yog li ntawd, thaum koj coj ib tug daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas rau cov pathology proteinogramma raug rau ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov tseem ceeb thiab tuav txoj kev.

Derated

Muaj ntau cov neeg mob tej zaum yuav nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv lawv tau ib tug txo nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov protein thiab nws cov neeg cov zauv feem. Qhov no yuav ua tau ib tug ib tug qauv thiab pathological sib txawv.

Lub xeev no yog hu ua hypoproteinemia. Nws yuav tau triggered thaum uas:

• tsis txaus protein tsawg khoom noj khoom haus;
• ntev noj cov zaub mov;
• anemia;
• menses;
• postoperative lub sij hawm;
• kub taub hau;
• kab dab;
• intoxication;
• raum kab mob;
• kab mob siab;
• tsis muaj cov pw tsaug zog;
• zuag qhia tag nrho tsis muaj zog;
• los ntshav.

Rau physiological yog vim li cas (.. Xws li, uas tsis yog-tus kab mob) ho txo cov protein ntau nyob rau hauv cov ntshav (hauv qab no 50 g / l) muaj xws li:

• lactation;
• kawg peb lub hlis uas cev xeeb tub;
• lub cev inactivity, rau qhov tsim nyog ntawm ib tug ntev nyob rau hauv lub txaj;
• ntev lub cev ua si.

Yuav ua li cas thaum ib tug phem tshwm sim

yuav tsum tsis tam sim ntawd ntshai thaum tau txais cov neeg pluag kev ua tau zoo tsom xam rau cov protein fractions. Koj yuav tsum tau nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab ua kom nco ntsoov hais tias yuav ntxias xws li ib tug lub xeev.

Raws li tus sau cov keeb kwm cov kws kho mob yuav qhia kom rov hais dua qhov ntsuam dua tom qab los yog taw ib tug ntxiv kev soj ntsuam.

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nws yuav tsim nyog los dhau:

• dav dav thiab tag nrho cov ntshav count;
• urinalysis.

Instrumental txoj kev yuav tsum tau tsa rau lub hauv paus ntawm kev tsis txaus siab ntawm tus neeg mob. Piv txwv li, yog tias nyob rau hauv ib tug tom qab ntawm kev hloov ntawm albumin theem nyob rau hauv tus neeg mob lub plab yuav raug mob, ces nws yuav tsum tau nqa tawm ultrasound ntawm lub plab mog, xoo hluav taws xob ntawm lub cheeb tsam thiab thiaj li nyob. N.

Raws li cov kev kho mob xyaum, cais nce tag nrho cov protein nyob rau hauv cov ntshav feem ntau yog cov norm ib qho rau qhov no tshaj nyob rau hauv shear fractions thereof. Tej yam kev mob yuav tsum tau ib tug muaj txhij txhua dua kev soj ntsuam thiab kev kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm tus neeg mob. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg pom tau tias nws tus kheej zoo, nws muaj tsis muaj mob thiab lwm yam analyses nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim, uas muaj ntau yam peb yuav hais tias nws yog noj qab nyob zoo. Nyob rau hauv tsawg tus neeg mob, mob thaum ntxov ua sawv ntawm cov kab mob xws li mob cancer, mob npuas paug thiab m. P., Nyob rau ib tug tom qab pom zoo ua cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv tej yam protein fractions. Yog li ntawd, tej sib txawv los ntawm lub cai hais txog qhov yuav tsum tau them sai sai mus rau lawv noj qab haus huv.