Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hwv unit: ib tug general txheej txheem cej luam

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hwv unit - nws yog ib tug ntawm cov constituent ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xeev raws li ib tug tag nrho. Nrog rau tus so ntawm ib ncig ntawm lub tswvyim ntaus ntawv nws tseem yog lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yam ntxwv ntawm ib lub teb chaws.

State Form: Hom

Yuav ua li cas yog lub tswv yim tswvyim? Nws yog ib tug nom tswv koom haum ntawm lub xeev, ib txoj kev ntawm ib ce muaj zog muaj hwj chim, lub kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub xeev lub cev thiab txoj kev uas cov teb chaws nyob rau hauv lub hwv units. Tus thawj tivthaiv yog lub daim ntawv ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm, uas yog muab faib ua monarchy (hwj chim ntawm ib tug), thiab cov koom pheej (public hwj chim). Yog li ntawd, peb yuav xaus uas rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm tsoom fwv - ib tug zoo ntawm lub koom haum ntawm lub siab tshaj plaws los yog lub zoo tshaj plaws hwj chim nyob rau hauv lub xeev. Qhov thib ob feem - cov nom tswv tsoom fwv, uas yog muab faib mus rau hauv cov kev ywj pheej (cov neeg hwj chim) thiab undemocratic (lub hwj chim ntawm tus neeg sab nrauv / tus neeg). Thiaj li, qhov no kev tivthaiv yog ib tug txheej ntawm hom kev kawm thiab cov hau kev ntawm lawv pab raws qib. Qhov kawg tivthaiv - ib daim ntawv ntawm hwv kev teeb tsa. Nyob rau lawv yuav tau piav nyob rau hauv kom meej hauv qab no.

Paub piav qhia txog ntawm tus dais ntaub ntawv hwv

Yog li ntawd, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nws yog tsim nyog los txhais tias lub sij hawm: nws yog ib txoj kev tsau los ntawm cov kevcai tswj, thiab kev sib nrig sib sib raug zoo ntawm cov tub ceev xwm ntawm lub hwv units ntawm uas lub xeev. Nws yog ntseeg hais tias xws ntaub ntawv tsuas yog peb: lub tsoom fwv teb chaws cov qauv, unitary thiab confederal. Feem ntau hom yog pom tias yuav ua tau tus thawj. Federation (hauv daim ntawv ntawm hwv qauv ntawm Russia) - ib qho alliance ntawm ob peb kuj sovereign lub xeev. Tus tom ntej hom yog cov unitary daim ntawv - ib tug tib lub xeev, uas muaj ib tug uas Constitution thiab lwm yam ntau tub ceev xwm. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias lub zos muaj cai muaj, tab sis tsis muaj nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib co hwjchim kav. Cov yav tas hom - ib tug confederation, uas nruab nrab yog feem ntau ntawm cov nom tswv los yog lwm yam union ntawm ob peb lub xeev. Raws li ib tug txoj cai, xws li ib lub koom haum muaj tsis muaj ib qho thawj, kev hais plaub ntug thiab rau tsoom fwm lub cev, raws li zoo raws li ib tug unified pab tub rog thiab cov taxation system. Muaj yog ib tug saib hais tias xws li cov tsev koom nyiaj yog cov luv luv-lived.

kev tshawb xav ntawm federalism

Muaj ob feem ntau zoo-paub kev tshawb xav ntawm federalism: thawj - ib tug dualistic federalism thiab lub thib ob - cov kev tshawb xav ntawm lub xeev txoj cai. Dualistic federalism - ib tug kev tshawb xav uas paub lub supremacy ntawm tsoom fwv teb chaws txoj cai lij choj, thiab tej yam muaj autonomy nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub kev kawm ntawm nws tus cwj pwm, tab sis tsis muaj txoj cai thim ntawm lub federation. Qhov kev tshawb xav ntawm lub xeev cov cai, on qhov tsis tooj, implies ib tug ntau ntawm cov cai ntawm cov hwv chaw, txawm ua ntej lawv yuav tso tawm.

Yog li, qhov zoo ntawm lub hwv qauv ntawm lub xeev - qhov no yog ib qho ntawm nws tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yam ntxwv. Nrog rau lwm leej lwm tus, qhov no feature yuav pab tau tsim ib tug ua tiav daim duab ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov teb chaws. Yuav ua li cas daim ntawv ntawm lub xeev hwv qauv nyob rau hauv Russia? Qhov no twb tau teev saum toj no. Zog ntawm Guj kuj - ib tug raug dualist federation.