Bromine dej - lub aqueous tov ntawm bromine

Bromine dej yog diluted nrog dej bromo. Nws nyob rau hauv sib npaug cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no feem ntau yog sau los ntawm ib tug qauv - Br2, txawm hais tias nws yog nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj nyob rau hauv ib tug sib tov ntawm ob acids - HBrO (hypobromous acid) thiab HBr (hydrobromic acid). Qhov no compound muaj ib tug daj-txiv kab ntxwv xim thiab ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj khov taw tes. Nws yog ib tug muaj zog oxidant uas muaj peev xwm sawv nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob rau oxidize cations xws co - Kr ^+3, Mn ^+3, Fe ^+2, Co ^{₊ 2,} Ni ^+3. Tsis tas li ntawd ntawm Br ₂ thiaj li pH nqi (pH), vim hais tias bromine dej muaj free acid.

Qhov no sib active tshuaj, uas yuav hnov mob nrog ob inorganic thiab organic tshuaj. Xav txog ib co tshuaj dab nrog qhov muab compound.

Heev bromine dej muab qhov zoo tshuaj tiv thaiv rau tag nrho cov unsaturated hydrocarbons. Mus nqa tawm no xyaum ua tej yam yuav tsum tau ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm tej alkene los yog alkyne tov nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev kuaj raj nrog ₂ Br. Thaum lub sij hawm no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov sib ntxiv ntawm bromine atoms ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev sib tawg ob los yog triple daim ntawv cog lus. Lub disappearance ntawm lub daj-txiv kab ntxwv xim nyob rau hauv no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog ib tug pov thawj coj unsaturation hydrocarbon.

Cov tshuaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv "phenol - bromine dej" yog siv rau precipitate los ntawm cov tshuaj bromo tebchaw. Yog hais tias tus sis ntawm tshuaj nqa tawm nyob rau hauv anhydrous tej yam kev mob, tus tsim ntawm tribromophenol yuav coj ib tug ob peb hnub. Yog li ntawd, raws li cov catalyst, ib tug me me npaum li cas ntawm H ₂ O.

Bromine dej nyob rau hauv laboratory npaj raws li nram no: 1 ml ntawm bromine ntxiv 250 ml ntawm dej distilled, thaum stirring sib. Qhov npaj tov twb khaws cia nyob rau hauv ib tug nruj nreem kaw ntim uas tsaus nti iav. Yog hais tias npaj Br ₂ muab cia rau hauv lub teeb los yog lub teeb nyob rau hauv lub hwj, cov pa evolution yuav tshwm sim vim hais tias ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm hypobromous acid. Ua hauj lwm rau qhov kev npaj ntawm lub reagent yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug fume hood. Txij li thaum lub bromine nws tus kheej yog lom, thiab nws muaj bromine dej, nws yog tsim nyog los ib ce ceev faj thaum ua hauj lwm nrog nws.

Nws yog tsim nyog los noj mus rau hauv tus account lub fact tias nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog Br ₂ mus rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij zoo li heev khaus khaus, thiab ntev raug yuav ua rau ulcers. Yog hais tias lub tshuaj nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej, thiab ces sodium carbonate. Thaum ib tug loj lub qhov txhab nto los yog sib sib zog nqus daim tawv nqaij qhov chaw mob epidermis ntxiv smeared nrog tshuaj pleev, uas muaj xws li NaHCO _3.

Bromine dej yog dav siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj tsom xam thiab synthesis ntawm cov organic khoom. Yog li, nws siv nyob rau hauv qhuav ntawm bromine-muaj tshuaj. Thiab ntawm no nws yog tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ceev faj, vim hais tias lawv ntev siv yuav ua tau kom tus kab mob - bromism. Lub ntsiab mob - nkees, qaug zog, daim tawv nqaij ua pob liab vog. Kom sai tshem tawm ntawm bromine ions ntawm lub cev dieting uas muaj ntsev cov ntsiab lus thiab txaus haus. Ntau bromine dej yog siv tau nyob rau intermediate theem ntawm ntau lawm retardants - tshuaj uas tiv thaiv tus organic compound ntawm ignitions. Lawv impregnated fabrics, ntoo, lub tsev khoom.