Alloy steel

Nyob rau hauv kev xaiv cov khoom rau qhov siv thiab ua hlau cov khoom uas ob peb yam ntxwv yuav pom tau tias, nrog rau cov modulus ntawm rigidity. Qhov no yam ntxwv loog index nyob tsuas yog nyob rau qhov xwm ntawm cov khoom los ntawm qhov uas lub hwj chim ntsiab - stringers, ntas, tiaj daim hlau, thiab lwm yam

Qhov siab tshaj plaws modulus ntawm rigidity yog hlau, uas nyob rau hauv lem yog ntawm ob hom nyob rau hauv lawv cov tshuaj nyob tus yeees. Firstly, qhov no alloy steel, uas uas ntxiv alloying ntsiab kom tau tej tsim nyog zog.

Lub ntsiab hais tias feem xyuam rau txoj thaj chaw ntawm steel - yog cov pa roj carbon, pob zeb ntais thiab manganese. Carbon thaum ua nws cov ntsiab lus yuav ua rau cov hlau zog thiab nyuab me ntsis, thaum uas txo nws ductility. Silicon yog muab raws li ib tug deoxidizing neeg sawv cev, tab sis yog tias nws cov ntsiab lus ntau tshaj ib feem pua npaum li cas deteriorates lub weldability ntawm steel: lub weld yog nkig. Ib tug yog ib tug caij li manganese pab txoj kev mob khaub thuas brittleness thiab toughness ntawm steel, kuj yog ib tug zoo deoxidizer.

Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd mus hlau thiab cov pa roj carbon, yog ntxiv rau tej tib tivthaiv, yog li alloyed steel dej num raws li ib tug peb-kev tivthaiv, plaub-feem, thiab hais txog. D. Qee zaus nws mas nws txawv rau cov npe ntawm cov alloying caij, xws li chromium, chromium-npib tsib xee, thiab lwm yam hromonikelmolibdenovaya

Alloy steel muaj ntau tshaj li ib feem pua ntawm chromium los yog npib tsib xee. Yog hais tias nws yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj li 0.5% ntawm vanadium, titanium, molybdenum, niobium, nitrogen, tooj liab, thiab lwm yam, Nws yog xam los ntawm cov hlau ntsiab.

Nyob rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm ntxiv Cheebtsam, hlau steel yog muab faib mus rau hauv lub nram qab no subclasses:

- high-hlau steel, nyob rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm alloying ntsiab yog tsawg tshaj li kaum feem pua;

- srednelegirovannoj - tsis muaj ntau tshaj li yim rau ib xees;

- tsawg-alloyed steel, nyob rau hauv uas tsuas yog ib lub caij yog ntxiv nrog tus txheem ntawm lub sab sauv txwv tsis ntau tshaj li ob feem pua.

Feem ntau, cov alloying ntsiab heev kom tus nqi ntawm steel, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij thaum ib co ntsiab yog ntxiv nyob rau hauv lawv tus kheej yog deficient kim hlau. Raws li, lawv tas li ntawd mus rau lub steel yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo grounded.

Alloyed steel muaj cov nram qab no: thawj ob tug lej tom qab qhia cov pa roj carbon cov ntsiab lus (hundredths ntawm ib tug feem pua), cov tsiaj ntawv qhia conditionally ntxiv alloying caij zauv tom qab lawv - cov ntsiab lus ntawm no lub caij raws li ib tug feem pua. Cov tsab ntawv "A", uas sawv ntawm lub kawg ntawm lub npav txhais tau tias, uas lub siab zoo steel nrog ib tug tsawg cov ntsiab lus ntawm phosphorus thiab sulfur.

Lwm variation ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm steel - carbon. Nws vim hais tias ntawm lub simplicity thiab cheapness ntawm ntau lawm nce siv nyob rau hauv ntau industries.

Ib tug ntawm cov npaj siv cov steel yog nws siv nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua ntsuas thiab txiav cov cuab yeej, cov tshuab qhov chaw, tuag nrog txias thiab kub deformation.

Tool hlau thiab hlau cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov pa roj carbon, thiab nyob ntawm seb cov kev cai tswj hwm los ntawm cov qhua, rau txhua cov kev steel khoom yuav tsum siv steel muaj ib lub tshuaj nyob tus yeees.

. Piv txwv li, rau kev phais cov cuab yeej, hnyiab, Chisels, hammers, screwdrivers, saws, hobs, thiab lwm yam siv steel kev qeb - high-hlau, high-ceev. Nws muaj hardness, Thaum tshav kub kub kuj thiab abrasion kuj. Cov cim zog yog tau los ntawm kev ntxiv tshwj xeeb alloying nrog tungsten carbide, raws li zoo raws li tham thaum tshav kub kub kev kho mob.

Rau lub rauj, kub thiab txias hnub, pwm thiab al. Siv steel qib xws li H6VF, 9 X, 5HNM etc.