-70 T (tank) keeb kwm. Specifications, piav qhia, tank yees duab

Amateurs ntawm cov tub rog keeb kwm ntawm lub kos npe rau tsim Nikolaem Aleksandrovichem Astrovym Soviet tank T-70. Nta ntawm no tsov rog tshuab tam sim ntawd hais lus rau lawv tus kheej: no tub rog cov khoom battlefield hais txog lub hom ntawm lub teeb.

Los ntawm lub tsev ib tug tshiab tank cov tub rog raug thawb lub depressing fact: qhov sib ntaus sib tua-kuaj lub teeb thiab medium tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lub Red Army (tus qauv ntawm lub T-38 mus T-60) thaum lub sij hawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub ob ntiaj teb rog qhia lawv uas tsis yog-competitiveness.

Nyob rau hauv Lub ib hlis ntuj 1942, lub 70th tank twb qhia rau Stalin li ib qho enhanced version ntawm yav tas los tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov kab ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam T-60, thiab los ntawm Lub peb hlis ntuj pib nws loj lawm.

Luv luv TTX teeb tank T-70

Xav txog lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm tus zag Astrova:

- frontal armor thickness: hauv qab - 45 hli; sab saum toj - 35 hli;

- sab armor thickness - 15 hli;

- thawj riam phom: cannon caliber 20-K 45 hli (yav tas los siv nyob rau hauv lub tank T-50);

- mos txwv - 90 cuaj luaj;

- 7,62 hli tshuab rab phom, 15 cartridges ntawm 945 discs;

- ob plaub-mob stroke rau-lub tog raj kheej petrol engine nrog ib tug muaj peev xwm ntawm 70 liters. p.;

- tus ntoo khaub lig-lub teb chaws ceev - mus txog rau 25 km / h nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj - 42 km / h;

- cruising rau lub struts - 360 km rau ntawm txoj kev loj - 450 km;

- nyob rau commander lub tsheb - xov tooj cua los yog 12T 9P.

Tank T-70 project yog chiv tseem ceeb heev

T-70 - tank ntawm lub ntiaj teb no ua tsov ua rog II, uas xyuas yog contradictory. Thiab nws yog - txawm lub fact tias lub xov tooj ntawm manufactured tso tsheb hlau luam (yuav luag 8.5 txhiab units) yog zaum ob tsuas yog mus rau lub npe nrov T-34! Lub hom phiaj saib nws txawj thiab weaknesses qhia lub ntsiab yog vim li cas rau qhov no keeb kwm thiab kev mishap. Nws yog banal: ib tug tsis ua hauj lwm feem ntau yog ib qhov project uas tau pib thiab nce tsis xaus neeg siv (nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no - tsov rog), thiab rau sab saum toj tog coj noj coj ua.

Tus thawj pre-tsov rog thesis ntawm armored troops - "Cov tub rog yuav tsum tau ib tug zoo lub teeb tank!" - nws yog tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Lub tswv yim yog tsis lub zeem muag ntawm Wehrmacht raug coj mus rau hauv tus account (raws li nws tshwm sim nyob rau hauv 1942), artillery caliber 50 hli thiab 75 hli. Tam yeeb ncuab phom zoo siab heev tej lub T-70. Tank conceded tus German "Tsov" thiab "Panther" nrog cov phom 75 gauge ob lub firepower thiab armor tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv. Lub commander ntawm lub Tsib Panzer Army Katukov KUV unflattering sau txog lawv G. K. Zhukovu, yuav qhia tau tias txoj kev siv cov T-70 sib ntaus sib tua tank nyob rau hauv lub rov qab vim hais tias ntawm tsis tau kev lav ua ntej.

Wrongly xaiv tsim kev taw qhia?

Xwb, lub WWII Lavxias teb sab tso tsheb hlau luam chiv tsim banal los ntawm kev txhim kho cov yav tas los qauv, tsis muaj twv ua ntej rau lub hauv paus ntawm txoj kev ntse uas tsim los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab ntawm lub caj npab hauv lub battlefield. Raws li cov foregoing, lub regularities zoo li unflattering xyuas txog cov neeg txhaum ntawm lub T-70. Cia li los txhim kho lub tank T-60 - nws yog tsis txaus. Tam sim no, tom qab ntau tshaj 70 xyoo txij li thaum qhov kev siv ntawm peb tes num ntawm cov riam phom, peb tau siab nrhiav pov thawj kom txhob xws txug.

Lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam (lawv yees duab - ntawv pov thawj) yuav zoo tagnrho nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb ua ntej ua tsov ua rog. Nws yog rau cov phom uas lub sij hawm yog zoo impenetrable armor tank Astrova designer. Qhov thib ob qho tseem ceeb khoom vaj khoom tsev yog ceev, maneuverability, lub T-70.

Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, qhov yuav tsum tau rau zus tau tej cov teeb tso tsheb hlau luam rau cov tub rog nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub XX xyoo pua yog lub tswv yim ntawm lub Soviet strategists ntawm lub sij hawm uas, tsis zus yog tactically los yog leeg txij thaum lub Civil War. Cov neeg muas zaub riam phom yuav tsum xav hais tias txaus ntawm kev kawm tub rog xav!

T-70 qhia tau tsim flaws - nws teeb tsis ua hauj lwm?

Tej shortcomings twb raug rau txhua lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm lub sij hawm, yog li ntawd, saib tom hauv ntej, hais tias ib tug fact: tsis muaj leej twg ntawm lawv ua tsis tshua zoo rau cov battlefield.

Tag nrho cov teeb WWII Lavxias teb sab tso tsheb hlau luam tau tsim nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim uas designer Astrovym Nikolaem Aleksandrovichem, zoo li lub T-70. Tests tshiab riam phom, ua nyob rau hauv 1941, qhia chaw rau kev txhim kho ntawm lub tank:

- qhov sib ntxiv ntawm armor;

- kev hloov ntawm ib cam khwb cia ib tug muab ob npaug rau hexagon ntauwd;

- strengthening ntawm cov kis khau, Torsion ncua kev kawm ntawv, ntaub nplaum chais;

- kev hloov ntawm lub ntsiab rab phom rau tus niaj hnub (tus tom kawg tsis tau los siv).

Kuv yuav hais li cas? Puas muaj ntau ntau flaws tau xam qhovkev nyob rau hauv lub puag qauv? Seb nws yog no yooj yim qauv tau thov cov tub rog liab?

Inappropriateness ntawm lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv lub battlefield dokazala ntxiv evolution ntawm tank: Cov tub rog ntawm txawv teb chaws maj uas lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov riam phom ntawm lub battlefield. Es tsis txhob, lawv tau tsim lwm yam teeb armored tsheb, mas ua tau zoo rau lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kom ntseeg tau tias tsis pab qhov yooj yim hluav taws hwj chim ntawm tus armored battlefield. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv lwm cov tes, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim thiab kho T-70 pov thawj yuav tsum tau heev muaj tswv yim.

serial hom

Muaj ntau lawm ntawm lub teeb tank T-70 nyob rau hauv ib tug embodiment coj mus rau thawj lub project Astrova designer, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv ib tug hloov embodiment, lub T-70M.

Tus thawj hom yog ib tug disarmed armor lighter hnyav - 9,2 m thiab ntau ammo - 90 projectiles; thib ob - ntau dua qhov ceeb thawj (9.8 m), tau nyob rau cov nuj nqis ntawm ntxiv booking amplification cov chav nyob thiab qhov chaw. Mos txwv modernized tank twb txo mus rau 70 rounds.

Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws yog structurally txawv nqe ntaus rog tsheb, muaj kev sib txawv, tsis interchangeable qhov chaw.

Kursk - ib tug fiasco rau lub teeb tank T-70

Cov tub rog tiag tiag yuav tsum tau nruab nrab thiab hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam uas yuav zoo ua kom puas yeeb ncuab armored tsheb.

Peb tsis tau hnov cov neeg sab nrauv bosses lub siab tsis ncaj repressed thiab tua nyob rau hauv lub qab daus los ntawm Military Collegium ntawm lub Supreme Court ntawm lub Soviet Marshal Mihaila Nikolaevicha Tuhachevskogo: "Ib tug yav tom ntej tsov rog yuav ua tau ib tug tsov rog tank units!"

Thiab, raws li, tus tiv thaiv kev lag luam ntawm lub USSR nyob rau hauv 1942 tau ua loj qhov ntau ntawm T-70 - tank kev sib ntaus los muaj peev xwm ua uas nyob rau hauv 1943 yuav tsis sawv qhov teb cog txiv - uncompromising sibtshuam tank sib ntaus sib tua nyob ze ntawm lub zos ntawm Prokhorovka (sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Kursk arc).

Cov cuab yeej tsis txuag 75-m thiab 50-m caliber yeeb ncuab artillery yooj yim los ua nws txoj kev txawm nws frontal ib feem. Ntxiv mus, lub tank nyob lam tau lam ua txawm obsolete German regimental artillery caliber 37 hli. Exam tank sib ntaus sib tua twb tsis tau tejyam thiab, ntsig txog, tom qab Kursk Arc loj zus tau tej cov T-70 twb txiav.

Txawm li cas los, raws li Ironically, nws yog tus thib ob theem ntawm tus poj Patriotic ua tsov ua rog, thaum tus tub rog liab twb advancing irresistibly, ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov neeg txawj combatant commanders khuv xim lub ntxov ntxov farewell mus rau lub T-70. Tank tom qab tag nrho, txawm lub cuab shortcomings, tau pab tau!

Nyob rau qhov zoo T-70 sib ntaus sib tua zoo

Tsis tau muab rau qhia nws zoo beginners-tankers. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ARRANGEMENT tank sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv ib tug ntxhib thiab Koog ntoo uas qhov chaw txawm xav no teeb tshuab ntau armored T-34 nruab nrab. Yuav ua li cas yog lawv mob siab no xaiv? Firstly, German hnyav phom thiab hnyav tso tsheb hlau luam suab sib npaug impressed T-34 thiab T-70. Ntxiv mus, vim hais tias ntawm me me ntsws tank tswj hluav taws nyob rau hauv nws yog ua tau los ntawm ib tug deb ntawm ib nrab ib tug kilometer, thaum lub T-34 - ib tug kilometer deb.

Tsis tas li ntawd, siv lub T-70 yuav siv tau nrog rau lub caij ntawm surprise nres ntawm tus yeeb ncuab. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm hnyav thiab tus IP tank thiab qhov nruab nrab T-34 tau precluded los ntawm koj ua li ntawd vim hais tias ntawm lub ua pa nrov diesel xyaw.

Yuav luag rov qab mus rau tom qab, tsis paub, nws tsav tsheb ntoo khaub lig-lub teb chaws mus rau lub yeej rog ntawm tus tsiaj ntawm lub teeb tank T-70. Tom qab suab nrov lag luam paired roj av tsheb cav muaj peev xwm ntawm 140 liters. ib tug. los ntawm theem zoo li lub suab cia li tsheb. Lieutenant General Bogdanov qhia nyob rau hauv lub Main Armored Directorate hais tias cov T-70 vim nws tsis muaj suab nrov txig ua tiav raws li cov kev ua ntawm kev raug txim ntawm cov retreating yeeb ncuab.

Qhov chaw ntawm roj tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv lub tsheb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pab roj ib tug tsis tshua muaj tsawg detonate thaum ntaus los ntawm ib tug tank.

Nyob rau hauv 1944, thaum lub tank units ntawm lub Red Army muaj txog kaum tsib puas tso tsheb hlau luam T-70, WGC lub Commissariat ntawm Heavy kev lag luam tau teev nws efficiency nyob rau hauv nroog ntaus los. "Semidesyatka" yog trudnoporazhaemoy "Panzerfaust" thiab grenades los ntawm lawv cov me me luaj li cas thiab siab maneuverability.

Workability

Nws yuav tsum tau paub tias tus Soviet tank T-70 nyob rau hauv lub tsim muab tawm ib qho ntawm feem npaum technology. Rau nws lawm yog siv kom huv si kuas ntau lawm paus ntawm gaz nroj tsuag. Pib kev koom tes tau tsim muaj nrog factories-lwm ntawm qhov chaw thiab cheebtsam.

Zoo kho riam phom rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub T-70 tau raug tsa, puas nyob rau pem hauv ntej.

Chiv Designer ASTROFF tsim nws ntau lawm hauv lub Gorky Tsheb Cog.

Nyob rau hauv 1942, lub Hoobkas neeg ua hauj lwm tau tso 3495 units ntawm riam phom, thiab nyob rau hauv 1943 - 3348. Tom qab ntawd, T-70 lawm nyob rau hauv 1942 tau raug debugged thiab lub Hoobkas №38 (Kirov). Ntawm no, nyob rau hauv 1378 cov tso tsheb hlau luam tau ua.

Npaj rau zus tau tej cov tso tsheb hlau luam kuj coj Sverdlovsk Hoobkas pes tsawg tus 37. Txawm li cas los, nws twb tsis tau npaj no, thiab hauj nqi twb critically siab. Yuav tsum tau ob zaug xyaw tshaj T-60, zus tau tej cov ntau haib dov armor yog ntau lub sij hawm-siv. Cov - ib tug coj tshwm sim: 10 tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov cessation ntawm ntau lawm.

Lub hom phiaj saib ntawm tus yam ntxwv raug ntawm lub tank

Qhov tseeb yog cuab kev: lub tswv yim ntawm kev teeb tank nyob rau fronts ntawm ob ntiaj teb rog muaj pov thawj los ua ib tug ua tiav utopia. Yog li ntawd, ua hauj lwm rau lub creation ntawm lub T-70 project (txawm ib tug ntau ntawm cov thawj engineering kev daws teeb meem, uas peb yuav sau) yeej ntsia zoo li ib tug Sisyphean zog, t. E. tau ibtxhi mus tsis ua hauj lwm.

Peb pib nrog lub fact tias cov Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm WWII (thiab cov kev kawm ntawm peb cov qhia zoo li) kuj tsis devoid ntawm cuab shortcomings link-qauv, uas implies 5 departments:

- administrative;

- lub cev muaj zog (txoj cai - nruab nrab ntawm lub cev);

- martial (tus pej thuam thiab sab laug - nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub cev);

- fodder (nyob qhov twg cov roj av tso tsheb hlau luam thiab radiator nyob).

Tank nrog zoo xws li cov chaw ua hauj lwm yog pem hauv ntej log tsav, yog li lub chassis yog ib feem tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev ruaj khov.

T-70 - Armored sau tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv Kubinka (ze Moscow)

Nws yog tsis muaj daim card uas lub teeb tso tsheb hlau luam (yees duab Nyiv lub "Ha-Mus" thiab cov German PzKpfw-II, cov niaj hnub T-70, qhia hauv qab no) yuav tsum tau tsim kev noj mus rau hauv tus account kev thiab martial kev nrog kom:

- npaum qee ntawm cov hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg coob neeg (functional overload tank coj nyob rau hauv ib tug carriage ntawm ob tug neeg, kuj muaj xws li mehanika- tsav tsheb);

- firepower phom yog tsis txaus (lub teeb tank tsim assumed raws li lub ntsiab txhais tes 45 millimeter threaded automatic cannon 20-K qauv 1932 xyoo).

Cov neeg uas xav mus saib lub hom riam phom T-70 - lub ntsiab phom thiab coaxial tshuab rab phom nrog nws DT-29 caliber 7,62 mm - peb pom zoo mus xyuas ib tug tshwj xeeb tub rog armored Tsev khaws puav pheej (Kubinka). Qhua mus rau lub tsev khaws puav pheej yuav tsum tau pom thiab cov khoom siv thiab cov chaw ntawm qhov chaw neeg coob cov tswv cuab.

Lub tank commander yog nyob rau hauv tus pej thuam unit, uas yog pab txhawb mus rau sab laug txheeb ze mus rau lub longitudinal axis, thiab kuj captures rau sab laug nruab nrab ntawm lub vaj tse. Raws li nws cov hauj lwm, nws qhia cov kev uas tus neeg tsav tsheb ntawm intercom, saib xyuas qhov teeb meem no, thiab them cov creeping ntawm riam phom thiab coaxial tshuab rab phom nrog nws.

Cov neeg tsav tsheb yog nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub hulls, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab.

Txij li thaum lub teev ua tib zoo rov qab los thiab, raws li lawv hais tias, yog rau txoj kev mus, cov tourists tej zaum yuav xav txog kev khiav hauj lwm cov chav nyob thiab chav nyob ntawm T-70, amounting mus rau ib tug qhov muag pom lub tswv yim. Yuav ua li cas peb txhais li cas thaum peb hais txog cov neeg ua hauj overload tank commander? Ntau dhau lawm txhua yam, niaj hnub dab nws twb tsis caw kaw lus. Qhov no tsis muaj peev xwm yuav tau muab sau tseg, thiab mus saib lub tsev cia puav pheej (Kubinka). Nws yog tsim nyog los ua tib zoo xyuas cov mechanisms ntawm rov qab los ua tub rog tsheb. Txiav txim rau koj tus kheej:

- phau ntawv kis ntauwd kev sib hloov ntaus ntawv;

- phau ntawv nqa tsav rau rab phom;

- los ntawm firing cuaj luaj shrapnel-hom semi-automatic tsis hluav taws, thiab lub commander twb yuam kom manually qhib lub valve thiab rub tawm cov liab-kub siv cov ntaub ntawv.

Vim hais tias ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb, objectively tabkaum sib ntaus, peb tes num tus nqi - mus txog rau 12 rounds ib feeb - lawm elusive. Realistically T-70 ua ib feeb mus rau 5 txhaj tshuaj.

Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv tib lub tsev cia puav pheej, namely nyob rau hauv lub pavilion naj npawb 6, qhua yuav saib tau lub tso tsheb hlau luam ntawm Nazi lub teb chaws Yelemees: "tsov" thiab "Panthers" uas tiv thaiv lub Soviet tank ua ntej peb.

Sai hloov zuj zuj, tab sis tseem nyob deb ntawm zoo meej, Soviet tso tsheb hlau luam thaum lub sij hawm ob ntiaj teb rog yeej ib txwm nyiam cov xim uas tus neeg tuaj saib.

Chassis demanded T-70

Tshwj xeeb rau T-70 yog tsim ntxaib engine GAS-203. Tom ntej - lub engine gaz-70-6004 thiab rear - gaz-70-6005. Shestitselindrovye plaub-mob stroke xyaw - ob qho tag nrho tau derated ua rau kom cov ntseeg thiab cov kev pab lub neej.

Pub los ntawm cov yav tas los qauv T-70 kis tau tus mob vyzyvavala tswv yim lawm overwhelmingly zoo. Nws muaj:

- dual-clutch;

- gearbox 4-speed;

- kauj ruam hom kiv cua ncej;

- Bevel kawg tsav;

- multi-disc kauj clutches;

- ib-kab kawg tsav.

Kab Ntsig T-70 muaj 91 ntawm khiav dav 26 cm.

Es tsis txhob ib tug hais tias: cov tub rog cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm T-70

Txawm li cas los, lub T-70 tsis yog ib tug tuag-end qauv. Self-Propelled phom SU-76 yog tsim los ntawm KB cog №38 (Kirov) raws li nws cov elongated chassis. Lub ntsiab riam phom ntawm cov ACS yog tus 76-hli phom ZIS-3. lub tank plhaub nws tus kheej T-70 pov thawj yuav tsum technologically advanced thiab pheej.

Tsim tshiab riam phom yog txaus ntshai. Tus thawj constructor phev Aleksandrovich Ginzburg twb liam ntawm uas tsis yog-existent "kev txhaum" tom qab lub depressing los ntawm Cusco Arcs, deprived ntawm txoj cai los mus tsim, xa mus rau pem hauv ntej, qhov twg nws tuag. Los ntawm txhais tes nyob rau hauv tej teeb meem nrog nws qhov kev siv ntawm ib tug tank Commissioner Zaltsman I. M. Txawm li cas los, qhov no ambitious xwm twb tsis ntev mob siab muab tshem tawm los ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm.

Taw mus rau nws lub ncej Vyacheslav Aleksandrovich Malyshev tsa kev sib tw rau cov kev hloov kho ntawm lub Su-76, nyob qhov twg cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub gaz nroj tsuag thiab xov tooj 38 tau muab kev koom tes.

Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub ACS tau reconfigured thiab muab tso rau hauv loj ntau lawm. 75-hli phom ntse puas yeeb ncuab self-propelled phom, lub teeb thiab medium tso tsheb hlau luam. Nws tau kuj tau kuj zoo nyob rau hauv hais mob loj heev "Panther", xuas nrig ntaus phom daim npog qhov ncauj thiab sab armor. Nyob rau hauv lub tawm tsam nrog cov newer thiab ntau armored "Tsov" Su-76 muaj pov thawj rau pab tsis tau kom txog rau thaum cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov cumulative thiab tho projectiles.

Nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm 1944 nyob rau hauv lub caj npab ntawm lub Red Army nkag mus hauv nws tus kheej-propelled anti-aircraft riam phom ZSU-37, tsim nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm lub chassis ntawm cov T-70.

Niaj hnub no, lolus, kiv cua muaj lub sij hawm thiaj li yuav tau cov qauv ntawm cov T-70. Tus nqi ntawm cov yooj yim qauv (lub neej-loj) - 5 lab rubles. Reservation hais tias nws yog txawm peem rau nrog cov thawj chassis, tab sis, ntawm chav kawm, tsis yog rau kev sib ntaus los. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws muaj qhov tseeb kev txhim kho los ntawm cov tawv sab hauv rau sonar.