Yuav ua li cas yog kev sib tham thiab yuav ua li cas nws hloov ib tug neeg

Sim kom to taub txog dab tsi yog socialization, dab tsi yog nws qhov thiab yam ntxwv. Tom qab tag nrho, rau txhua tus neeg nkag mus rau hauv cov haiv neeg thiab kawm nws cov kev cai nws yog lub hauv paus rau ntxiv teeb meem-dawb thiab kev vam meej lub neej thiab ua lag ua luam. Yog li ntawd, yog dab tsi socialization? Tej niaj hnub phau ntawv yuav qhia rau koj hais tias qhov no Lub sij hawm no implies ib tug txheej txheem ntawm familiarizing tus neeg mus rau lub social paradigm, paub kev cwj pwm, nws koom tes nyob rau hauv lub collective kev sib txuas lus, kev kawm feem ntau txais tus cwj pwm, qhov tseem ceeb thiab cov xeeb ceem. Yog li, txoj kev no yog tsim nyog rau txhua tus me nyuam rau hauv lub tom ntej tag nrho lub neej nyob rau hauv zej zog, thiab nws los los ntawm kev kawm thiab kev cob qhia nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg, preschool thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv.

tswvyim kev loj hlob

Cov nqe lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi socialization, twb tsa los ntawm ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, uas sib cav hais tias cov pej xeem puas los yog tsis tau tus kab mob yog ib tug tib neeg. Nrog rau cov emergence ntawm kom zoo social science nyob rau hauv lub XIX xyoo pua, lo lus nug no tau raug tsa dua. Raws li nrov lub tswv yim thaum lub sij hawm, tus thawj tib neeg qhov twb nrhiav tau nrog ib tug tsiaj pib, tus txheej txheem ntawm kev sib tham twb pom raws li qhov literal personification thiab layette kev cwj pwm. Tom qab ntawd, qhov no saib yog poob qhov tseeb. nws tau raug qhov tseeb hais tias tus neeg yog ib tug social qab nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm evolutionary tswv yim thiab social studies. Raws li, qhov lo lus nug ntawm yog dab tsi socialization, hloov lawv cov accents. Tam sim no tus txheej txheem no yog pom raws li ib tug gradual adaptation rau cov cai ntawm ib tug tib neeg lub neej. Nws yog tsis muaj daim card uas tib neeg keeb kwm tau paub ntau societies nrog lwm haiv neeg thiab kev cai. Nrog rau cov gradual kev kawm thiab loj hlob paub txog qhov no phenomenon. Ib tug ntau ntawm uas tseem pab mus rau kev txawj ntse psychology uas kawm lub tsim ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas thiab psychoanalysis.

Cov txheej txheem kauj ruam

Niaj hnub nimno socialization kev tshawb xav qhia ob peb theem ntawm no phenomenon rau tib neeg lub neej:

• Primary socialization yog thawj acquaintance nrog lub ntiaj teb no ntawm tus me nyuam. Rau theem no yog tej zaum qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov xyoo nteg qhov yooj yim teeb, uas yuav mus txuas ntxiv los cuam tshuam tej lub xaav ntawm ntxiv kev kawm ntawv. Rau ntawm no theem qhov tseem ceeb heev luag hauj lwm ua si los ntawm cov me nyuam niam thiab txiv, vim hais tias lawv muab nws thawj tswv yim hais txog lub ntiaj teb no thiab zej zog.
• Secondary socialization. Nws tau raug mus tawm nyob rau hauv thawj pawg cov phooj ywg, uas tau txais tib neeg: kindergarten, tsev kawm ntawv. Ntawm no, tus me nyuam perceives cov tshiab kev cwj pwm thiab kev kawm mus nrog qhov loj ntawm lub pab pawg neeg lawm. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj foundation tau raug nteg thaum lub sij hawm thawj socialization, tab sis nyob rau ntawm no theem imparted ib qho tseem ceeb heev qhov zoo uas cuam tshuam tom qab rau lub neej qhov tseem ceeb thiab tseem ceeb, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub tus kheej zoo ntawm tus neeg.

Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, muaj ntau ntau hom ntawm no phenomenon. Txawm li cas los, qhov no assumes uas yog twb socialization ntawm cov neeg hluas thiab cov neeg laus:

• Resocialization. Tus txheej txheem ntawm xa tsis yog los yog phiv tus cwj pwm thiab kev kawm ntawv ntawm cov tshiab thaum ntxov raws li lub hnub nyoog ntawm yog vim li cas. Xws li ib tug re-socialization tshwm sim nrog txhua tus neeg thoob plaws nws lub neej. Nyob rau hauv essence, nws yog ib tug txheej txheem ntawm adaptation rau lub ntiaj teb dynamic nyob ib ncig ntawm lawv: txoj kev loj hlob ntawm technology, kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm lub xeev, economic tej yam kev mob, kev sawv cev, thiab hais txog.
• Organizational socialization - tshaaj ntawm kev paub thiab kev txawj mus ua ib tug kev sib raug zoo luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub koom haum.