Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug prose ua hauj lwm? Qhov sib txawv verses los ntawm prose ua hauj lwm

Qhov tseeb hais tias xws li ib tug prose ua hauj lwm, txiav txim siab los hais lus xwb rau tom qab ntawm nws cov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem ntawm cov nqe lus, tab sis, oddly txaus, dua li cov seeming obviousness ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov poetic phau ntawv los ntawm cov ntawv nyeem ntawm lub prose articulate zoo li cas xyov yog no sib txawv, lub essence ntawm cov tseem paj huam thiab prose, yog vim li cas muaj yog ob tug hom ntawm kev hais lus, yog heev yooj yim.

Teeb meem ntawm ntau yam ntawm prose thiab nqe

Niaj hnub nimno ntaub ntawv, kawm qhov txawv ntawm ib tug paj huam los ntawm prose ua hauj lwm seb puas tsimnyog tau cov nram qab no nthuav nqe lus nug:

1. Yuav ua li cas nws yog ntau yam rau lub kab lis kev cai: nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub los yog prose?
2. Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug prose ua hauj lwm nyob rau tom qab ntawm cov nqe lus?
3. Yuav ua li cas yog leej rau kev delimitation ntawm nqe thiab prose ntawv nyeem?
4. Yuav ua li cas pab cov lus prose ntawv nyeem dhau mus ua paj huam?
5. Yuav ua li cas sib sib zog nqus yog qhov txawv ntawm poetic thiab prosaic hais lus? seb nws yog tag rau lub koom haum ntawm kev hais lus los yog kev txhawj xeeb systems uas yog kev xav?

Ua li cas los ua ntej: paj huam los yog prose?

Txawj sau ntawv thiab kev sau ntawv critic Yang Parandowski, xav txog qhov tseeb hais tias xws li ib tug prose ua hauj lwm, ib zaug hais tias yog tsis muaj pov thawj scientific uas tib neeg thawj tham paj huam, tsis prose, tab sis lub hauv paus pib ntawm phau ntawv ntawm txawv teb chaws nws muaj nqis nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub es luag hais lus . Qhov no tshwm sim vim lub fact tias hauv nqe no yog tus thawj mus tshaj txhua hnub hais lus thiab poetic hais lus mus txog rau nws zoo tag nrho ntev ua ntej muaj cov thawj cov me nyuam ntawm cov ntawv tseeb.

Jan Parandowski ib tug me ntsis disingenuous, vim hais tias nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb muaj yog ib tug txiav txim tus naj npawb ntawm scientific hypotheses, uas yog raws li nyob rau hauv lub assumption hais tias tus thawj tib neeg hais lus yog poetic. Kuv tham txog qhov no thiab John. Vico, thiab G. Gadamer thiab M. Shapiro. Tab sis Parandowski meej pom ib yam: lub ntiaj teb no tus cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag yuav pib nrog cov nqe lus, tsis prose. Lwm yam luag lwm yam tsim tom qab tshaj nqe.

Yog vim li cas muaj ib poetic hais lus, nws yog tsis paub. Tej zaum qhov no yog vim qhov kev kawm ntawm tag nrho cov ritmizovannosti tib neeg lub cev thiab lub lwm tus lub ntiaj teb no ntawm tus txiv neej, tej zaum nrog tus thawj atherosclerosis ntawm tus me nyuam txoj kev hais lus (uas, nyob rau hauv lem, tos rau ib qho kev tshab txhais txog, ib yam nkaus thiab).

Kev Cai rau txim hluav taws xob ntawm nqe thiab prose

Paub stihoved Michael Gasparov pom tsis zoo li ib tug paj huam los ntawm prose ua hauj lwm uas pom tau tias zoo li ib tug poetic ntawv nyeem phau ntawv uas muaj zog tseem ceeb thiab yog tsim los rau repetition thiab cim cia. Poetic ntawv nyeem, dua li qhov tseeb hais tias nws yog muab faib mus rau hauv qhov chaw, thiab muaj cov tswv yim thiab muab faib ntxiv rau hauv xws li qhov chaw uas yog heev yooj yim mus txeeb nco qab.

Qhov no soj yog yeej tseem zoo ib tug heev sib sib zog nqus, tab sis nws tsis yog instrumentally, raws li tsis muaj tseeb txheej xwm ntawm ntau yam yuav paj huam thiab prose. Tom qab luag kuj yuav zuj zus tseem ceeb thiab muaj peev xwm kuj yuav tsim rau kev cim cia.

Tsim tej yam tshwm sim sib txawv prosaic thiab lub poetic ntawv nyeem

Tsim tej yam tshwm sim sib txawv - luv luv snippets ntawm muaj - kuj tsis tau yuav tau txaus ua neeg ncajncees. AG Mashevsky sau ntawv uas nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nyob rau hauv cov verses muaj peev xwm tig txawm ib tsab xov xwm los ntawm ib tug ntawv xov xwm, cia li mus muab nws cov tswv yim rau hauv thooj ntawm txawv lengths thiab sau ntawv txhua yam uas lawv ib txoj kab tshiab.

Txawm li cas los, nws yuav tau ib yam nkaus hnov, hais tias cov proposals raug muab faib arbitrarily, tsis muaj ntxiv kev txiav txim zoo li no division yog tsis txuas mus rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem, tshwj tsis yog tias ib tug humorous los yog ironic laus.

Yog li, sib txawv nyob rau hauv prose thiab nqe no yog tsis nyob rau hauv ib tug kos npe rau, tab sis muab ib co lwm sib txawv. Yuav kom to taub li cas ib tug prose ua hauj lwm, koj yuav tsum paub hais tias cov prosaic thiab lub poetic ntawv no yuav txawv cov kev cai ntawm lub koom haum ntawm cov ntawv nyeem thiab cov ordering ntawm nws cov ntsiab.

Lo lus nyob rau hauv nqe thiab prose

Nws thiaj li tau tshwm sim uas ib txwm prose yog txiav txim los ntawm nws cov hauv sib piv rau cov nqe lus. Feem ntau cov feem ntau lawv hais tias tsis yog hais txog cov yus nta ntawm prose piv nrog rau nqe lus no, thiab vice versa - ntawm qhov txawv ntawm cov paj huam thiab prose.

Yog li ntawd, hais txog lo lus nyob rau hauv nqe vaj lug kub Lavxias teb sab kws Yu. N. Tynyanov hais tias nws zoo dua tshaj nyob rau hauv prose, yog kev cob cog rua nrog rau lwm cov lus mus ua hauj lwm zoo dua thiab nws cov kev sib raug zoo rau cov qauv raws li ib tug tag nrho, nws hu ua nws "txoj cai ntawm txoj kev sib sau thiab compactness ntawm cov nqe lus series" thiab cov tswvyim no yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev sau ntawv thuam kom deb li deb.

Ob tiam sis nyob rau hauv kev daws qhov teeb meem

Niaj hnub nimno science ntau zaus articulate dab tsi yog luag ua hauj lwm, nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub poetic, thiab nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam yog kom meej meej heev tau paub qhov txawv ob tiam sis. Ib tug xov tooj ntawm philologists ntseeg hais tias cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txog kev paub - ib lub suab ntawv nyeem. Qhov no mus kom ze tej zaum yuav hu ua phonetic. Nyob rau hauv kom nrog no kev lig kev cai, kev totaub txog prose thiab nqe hais tsis tau VM Zhirmunsky, uas ntseeg hais tias tsis zoo li poetic hais lus yog "tsim nyog kev txiav txim ntawm lub suab daim ntawv no." Txawm li cas los, hmoov tsis los kuj zoo, tsis yog txhua txhua ntawm cov prosaic thiab poetic tej hauj lwm kom meej meej txawv los ntawm txhua lwm yam phonetically.

Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau qhov no kev lig kev cai duab kev tshawb xav insists rau lub primacy ntawm qhov xwm ntawm cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm. Yog hais tias cov ntaub ntawv yog kom raws li ib tug poetic (sau ntawv "nyob rau hauv ib kem" nws txhais tau tias ua hauj lwm yog poetic, Yog hais tias cov ntawv nyeem yog sau "nyob rau hauv kab", ces nws yog ib tug prose). Nyob rau hauv txoj kab nrog no hypothesis, cov niaj hnub ua hauj lwm stihoved Yu. B. Orlitsky. Txawm li cas los, qhov no txog kev paub tsis txaus. Raws li hais saum toj no, ib tug ntawv xov xwm ntawv nyeem sau ntawv "nyob rau hauv ib kem" tsis ua poetic. Luag hauj lwm ntawm Pushkin, sau raws li ib tug paj huam, yuav tsis muaj nyob rau hauv nqe no.

Yog li, nws yuav tsum tau txais tias cov sab nraud, formal kev sib txawv prose thiab poetic ntawv tsis muaj nyob. Cov kev txawv nyob rau hauv qhov tob, thiab kov thiab suab, thiab grammatical thiab raug, thiab ib hom ntawv nyeem xwm ntawm lub chaw ua hauj lwm.