Yuav ua li cas nta txawv Lavxias teb sab painting ntawm lub XX xyoo pua?

Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua XX tuaj lub caij thaum tag nrho cov kos duab tig mus rau tus avant-garde. Thiab yog hais tias koj nug, yog dab tsi nta paub qhov txawv cov Lavxias teb sab kos duab rau ntawm lub sij hawm ntawm thereof nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws, peb yuav hais tseeb tias tag nrho cov ntxias yog txaus siab heev avant-garde, uas txhais los ntawm Fabkis txhais tau tias "lub vanguard".

Keeb kwm paub ntau cov piv txwv ntawm yuav ua li cas lub feem ntau tseem ceeb heev lub sij hawm, thaum nws yog ib tug kev hloov ntawm epochs, muaj tswv yim neeg pib tsim radical taw tsim los mus xyuas cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv plaub. Txawm li cas los, lub XX xyoo pua yog nyob rau hauv no hais txog ib tug tseem ceeb tshwm sim.

Thaum pib ntawm lub avant-garde

Tus thawj kauj ruam ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab avant-garde lub caij nplooj zeeg nyob rau hauv 1907, thaum nws tau tsim art lub koom haum "Blue Rose", ib tug ua ke ntawm cov muaj leej twg paub masters ntawm neo-primitivism thiab symbolism. Cov artistic yeej leem choj mus rau ib tug fundamentally tshiab kev coj nyob rau hauv kos duab - avant-garde. Tus thawj artistic kaj cov neeg sawv cev ntawm qhov no yog Kazimir Malevich, Larionov thiab Goncharov, uas nws ua hauj lwm yog nyob rau hauv Moscow Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Niaj hnub nimno Kos duab.

Yuav ua li cas nta txawv Lavxias teb sab painting ntawm lub XX xyoo pua? Nws nyob ntawm no ua ntej coined lub sij hawm "avant-garde" - nws muab lub ntiaj teb no Benoit, ironically piav txog kev ua hauj lwm ntawm kev ntxias los ntawm lub tswv yim kev koom "Jack ntawm Diamonds", uas nyob rau hauv 1910 qhia rau cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm lub exhibition "Ntxias 'Union" thawj innovation los ntawm ib tug kev taw tes ntawm view daim duab. Txij thaum ntawd los nws tau ua txais tias tag nrho cov khoom tshiab nyob rau hauv daim teb no mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab masters ntawm tus txhuam.

Cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab avant-garde

Nta ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th. xws li hais tias originated lub avant-garde yog ib tug broad tswvyim, whereas cov ntawm no lub hauv paus yug ntau thiab ntau tshiab stylistic kev taw qhia. Yog li ntawd, piv txwv li, muaj ntau Lavxias teb sab ntxias nyob rau hauv nws cov hauj lwm caum kev lig kev cai ntawm European modernism: Cubism, Suprematism, Constructivism, beams, Fauvism thiab Futurism. Lub ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab avant-garde taw twb Kandinsky thiab Malevich. Lawv sawv ntawm lub hauv paus pib ntawm lub rov tshwm sim ntawm no multi-ncau artistic phenomenon thiab tau ua "culprits" yug me nyuam ntawm nws brainchild - abstractionism.

Abstract kos duab yog ib qho paub daws teeb kos duab, qhov twg lub artist siv los sawv cev rau tsuas yog lawv associative xaav ntawm kev muaj tiag, tsis txhob muaj cov canons ntawm classical painting. Lub ntsiab artistic caij ntawm style - cov xim, uas yuav pab tau muab masters hniav cwj pwm txawv.

Cov thawj uas mus tim rau ib tug zoo xws li cov xyaum ua tej yam yog Kandinsky. Nws lub ntiaj teb no lub tswv yim yog pab qhia rau noob neej hais tias muaj peev xwm yuav tsum tau kos rau lub canvas suab paj nruag, nws muaj nws tus kheej cov xim thiab cov muaj ib tug raug rho tawm daim ntawv no.

Los ntawm paub daws teeb rau Suprematism

Lavxias teb sab painting twb niaj active kev hloov thaum lub sij hawm thaum ntxov 20th caug xyoo. Ib zaug nyob rau 1909, Kandinsky ua ntej nkag tau mus rau lub critics saib nws thawj paub daws teeb ua hauj lwm, yog nws paub Kazimir Malevich, uas txawm tias nws yog ib tug kiv cua loj ntawm dab tsi tshiab, tab sis, cuaj kaum, txuas ntxiv mus rau nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv tus ntawm Impressionism. Los ntawm no taw tes rau lub chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm lub artist pib mus yauv mus metamorphosis, uas nyob rau hauv 1913 tsom nws raws li ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Cubo-Futurism.

Thaum lub sij hawm, Malevich ib zaug dua taw tes qhia tawm li cas nta paub qhov txawv cov Lavxias teb sab kos duab ntawm lub XX caug xyoo - nws los ua tus tsim ntawm ib tug tshiab stylistic kev taw qhia, hu ua Suprematism. Lub qhov txawv feature ntawm no sib yog qhov tseeb hais tias lub lub rho yog incorporated nyob rau hauv tus qhab foundation ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, Suprematism - lwm yam ntawm abstraction, raws li nws muaj nws tus kheej zoo xws li cov nta:

• pointlessness;
• tsis muaj peev xwm;
• geometric (non-zoo yuav qhia tej geometrical zoo, tab sis lub hauv paus yog ib feem ntawm cov duab no yog ib tug duab plaub);
• asymmetry.

Malevich ntseeg tias Suprematism yog ib tug tshiab lub dav hlau ntawm daim duab, uas yog siv tau kev nkag siab ntawm lub yam tshiab ntawm kev ntxias uas muaj kev tswj los mus ciaj sia lub prejudices ntawm yav dhau los. Yuav ua li cas nta txawv Lavxias teb sab painting nyob rau hauv cov hnub? Raws li cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Suprematism yog lub peev xwm muab ib tug ntau dua theem ntawm cov kos duab, kawm lub puab thiab statics ntawm qhov chaw los ntawm nrhiav qhov chaw.