Xav koob tshuaj BCG teeb meem: li cov niam txiv yuav tsum tau paub

Yuav ua li cas yog xav koob tshuaj BCG paub yuav luag txhua yam. Xav koob tshuaj BCG - txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tiv thaiv tus kab mob ntsws. Xav koob tshuaj BCG tshuaj tiv thaiv muaj ib tug tsis muaj zog, qhuav TB kab mob.

Xav koob tshuaj BCG-M yog tsim los rau maj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg yog tib yam li hais tias ntawm koob tshuaj BCG lawm, tsuas yog tus active tshuaj (kab mob loj) nws muaj ib nrab.

Xav koob tshuaj BCG-M yog tswvcuab:

• Ntxov ntxov cov me nyuam mos nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob;
• Lub tsev kho mob rau cov me nyuam uas muaj ib tug contraindication rau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv;
• Me nyuam mos cov me nyuam los ntawm tej qhov chaw uas dej siab qhov teeb meem ntawm tuberculosis.

Thawj txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nqa tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob, nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm qhov 3rd rau lub 7 hnub yug. Revaccination thaum 7 thiab 14 xyoo nqa tawm tsuas yog hais tias tus Mantoux xeem yog tsis zoo. Prick ua intradermally nyob rau hauv rau sab laug lub xub pwg.

Tiv thaiv rau kab mob ntsws ua nyob rau hauv 1.5-2 lub hlis tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv. Lub txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tau lees tias. Lub cib fim los mus tsim TB tom qab ntawd muaj, tab sis qhov yuav ua rau qhov no yog npaum li cas qis. Raws li statistics, cov xwm txheej rau cov neeg txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws, 15 lub sij hawm tsawg dua ntawm cov unvaccinated. Thiab cov kab mob thaum yam.

Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kuj yog tsim nodule coated ua kiav txhab. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub ob hlis muaj tej zaum tshwm sim xws li cov tsim ntawm ib tug rwj. Tej graft cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog xam qub. Yuav kom ua dab tsi nrog nws thiab tsis xav tau rau Smear ntsuab xim los yog iodine heev. Zoo yog ib qho chaw tsis txhob kov. Tom qab ib co sij hawm (2-4 lub hlis) thiab tag nrho heals nyob rau hauv situ tsim graft caws pliav loj 3-10 hli.

Txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog xav koob tshuaj BCG teeb meem.

Thaum grafting hom kev kawm tackle (tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, qhov tshaj koob tshuaj tiv thaiv yog tsim los siv intradermally, thiab subcutaneously, etc.) Tej zaum ua rau cov teeb meem ntawm tshuaj tiv thaiv. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias xav koob tshuaj BCG teeb meem yog heev tsawg nyob rau hauv 0,02% ntawm cov neeg, cov niam txiv yuav tsum tau paub yuav ua li cas lawv yog manifested. Teeb meem tom qab xav koob tshuaj BCG hu ua betsezhit.

Common teeb meem ntawm koob tshuaj BCG lawm (betsezhit):

1. Khaub thuas rwj. Ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kuj yog tsim lub rwj uas nws txoj kab uas hla yog ntau tshaj 1 cm, ua cov nyob ze cov qog ntshav hauv (axillary, ncauj tsev menyuam, supraclavicular, subclavian). round foob tshwm ntawm lub qhov koob. Qhov no yog tsis muaj zoo tib yam txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv - ib tug me me nodule, thiab loj, ntau tshaj ib centimeter kev kawm ntawv. Tus me nyuam tus mob yog tsis raug kev txom nyem, tsis kub taub hau, lub xeev ntawm kev noj qab nyob zoo. Tom qab 3-6 lub hlis, lub tsiaj hiav txwv yog softened thiab tsim ib tug rwj, thiab ces ib lub rwj uas tsis tau kho rau ob peb lub hlis. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, txias rwj kho thiab nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw tsim ib tug loj lub hnub qub zoo li tus caws pliav.
2. Lymphadenitis. Qhov kawg ntawm 1-3 lub hlis tom qab txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kom lub qog nyob rau hauv lub caj npab nyob rau sab laug. Tej zaum nws yuav muaj cuam tshuam cov qog ntshav hauv saum toj no lub pob txha qais los yog hauv qab no. O cov qog ntshav hauv yuav tshwm sim li reddish-liab doog tuab formations loj ntawm 2-5 cm, tom qab ib co sij hawm lawv muag thiab ua raws li los ntawm lawv kua paug. Zoo yuav siv sij hawm 3-9 lub hlis mus rau tsim ib tug tuab stellate caws pliav. Thaum lub sij hawm lymphadenitis yuav tsum tau nrog los ntawm cov uas tsis muaj qib kub taub hau, anemia, o ntawm lub siab, tsis qab los noj mov, thiab neeg pluag koj qhov hnyav nce. Tag nrho cov me nyuam nrog lymphadenitis poslevaktsinnym thiaj li lub cev kuj thiab kev tiv thaiv uas yuav ntog. Tom qab, lawv pom ib tug diathesis, rickets, mob tonsillitis, nquag ua pa kab mob, thiab lwm tus neeg.
3. Calcifications. Ib txhia me nyuam nrog lymphadenitis post-txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau qhov chaw ntawm cov qog ntawm tom qab tsim calcium cov pob zeb - calcifications. Calcifications yuav tsum tau kev kho mob tsuas yog hais tias lawv loj yog loj dua 1 cm.
4. Keloid nti. Tom qab kuj ntawm koob tshuaj BCG lawm yog tsim ntxhib, sprawling, heev ntom caws pliav. Feem ntau ntawm cov nti tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob uas tsis haum cov kab mob, tub hluas ntxhais hluas hluas nkauj los yog hais tias ib tug txhaj tau ua siab dhau heev lawm nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm lub xub pwg ob leeg. Teeb meem keloids hais tias lawv muaj peev xwm loj hlob.

Xav koob tshuaj BCG teeb meem yog kho nrog tshwj xeeb anti-TB tshuaj: lawv yog npaum li cas hais lus thiab siv raws li ib tug hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam cov.

Contraindications rau xav koob tshuaj BCG txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv:

• Ntxov ntxov cov me nyuam mos uas mus txog 2.5 kg.
• Mob kab mob los yog exacerbation ntawm tus kab mob.
• Immunodeficiency. Oncology.
• Mob xav koob tshuaj BCG txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv qhia tau cov nus muag.

Contraindications rau koob tshuaj BCG lawm revaccination:

• Mob kab mob los yog exacerbation ntawm tus kab mob. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nqa tawm 30 hnub tom qab rov qab.
• Immunodeficiency. Oncology.
• Teeb meem ntawm txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog xav koob tshuaj BCG.
• Kab mob Mob Ntsws: TB neeg mob yog cov me nyuam nrog ib tug keeb kwm ntawm tuberculosis los yog tus kab mob TB-mob.
• Zoo los yog doubtful Mantoux xeem.