Viking sib ntaus sib tua-axes. Yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau ib tug Viking taus

Taus - ib qho ntawm feem ntau hom kev mob khaub thuas steel nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm. Nws yog ntau pheej yig dua thiab ntau tswv yim tshaj tus hniav ntaj hniav riam, cov siv thiab ua cov uas coj ib tug lossis loj npaum li cas ntawm cov hlau deficient, thiab kev sib ntaus los hauj lwm zoo nyob rau hauv tej yam uas nws tsis tau swb. Ib tug zoo meej piv txwv ntawm no hom ntawm riam phom - ib tug taus Viking, uas yuav tsum tau los sib tham nyob rau hauv no tsab xov xwm.

Qhov twg mus sib ntaus sib tua-axes?

Los ntawm cov tib nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm muab lub sib ntaus sib tua thiab tsev neeg riam? Ancient taus rau nws niaj hnub "xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv" twb zoo li ib tug heev nyob deb: tsis nco qab txog ib daim ntawm sharpened pob zeb uas tawv bolted hlua mus rau ib tug ncej! Ntau zaus lawv twb nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov drilled rubble, raug tua nyob rau hauv ib tug stick. Heev tsuas, muas thaum chiv thawj axes twb tsis slashing thiab blunt hom riam phom.

Thiab nws yog txoj kev txaus cai. Xav txog tej yam ib tug kuj nyias silicon wafers tua: dab tsi yuav tshwm sim rau nws yog hais tias tus tswv ntaus tus tiv thaiv, ib tsob ntoo los yog ib lub pob zeb? Qhov ntawd yog txoj cai, nrog rau qhov riam phom yuav goodbye, vim hais tias qhov no mineral yog heev nkig. Thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv lub midst ntawm sib ntaus sib tua! Yog li ntawd Kamenyuki, raug tua nyob rau hauv ib tug khoom ncej - ntau npaum li cas txhim khu kev qha ua tsov rog. Thiab lub taus nyob rau hauv nws cov tam sim no daim ntawv yuav tshwm sim tsuas yog tom qab noob neej tau mastered rau lub qhia txog metalworking.

cov ntaub ntawv

Contrary kom nrov kev ntseeg, Viking axes, txawm lub feem ntau tuag nyob rau hauv tsos, nws twb yeej tsis loj. Maximum - 600 grams, tsis muaj ntau. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov neeg ua hauj lwm yeej tsis okovyvalos hlau! Ua ntej, cov hlau siv los mus raug nqi kim heev. Secondly, nws yuav ua rau cev ntas taus, thiab ib tug loj heev riam phom nyob rau hauv ib tug ntev sib ntaus sib tua yuav ua rau tuag ntawm tus tswv tsev.

Lwm misconception ntawm peb lub sij hawm - "Axe - riam phom commoners." Zoo li, tag nrho cov "self-saib taus" cov thawj coj ntawm lub Vikings siv swords. Nws yog - los ntawm qeb ntawm Hollywood myths xwb hais txog lub Vikings. Lub taus yog ntau npaum li cas cov tswv yim, yooj yim, nws tsis xav tias yog li thov txim poob nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub ntawm sib ntaus sib tua. Zoo li rab ntaj ntawm ib tug "zoo" hlau nqi yog kim heev hais tias cov archaeologists rau hnub tim tau nrhiav tau xwb cais piv txwv ntawm cov khoom no.

Pom ntawm no - pom graves ntawm cov tub rog cov thawj coj thiab high-qeb duas "zoo tib yam neeg." Lawv qee zaum pom muaj tag nrho cov arsenal, nrog rau ntau yam axes. Yog li ntawd hais tias cov riam phom yog nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb universal, nws yog siv raws li qhov dog dig cov tub rog thiab lawv cov commanders.

Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm ob-tes laug taus

Tab sis tus nyiam "qho khoom ua si" sab qaum teb neeg yog legendary brodaks, nws yog ib tug ob-tes laug taus ntev shafts (uas yog lub npe ntawm ib tug Viking taus, los ntawm txoj kev). Nyob rau hauv lub periodicals nws yog feem ntau xa mus rau raws li "Danish taus," tab sis lub npe tsis yog ib yam nkaus thiab txoj cai, vim hais tias lawv ua tsis tau siab qhia lub essence heev ntawm cov riam phom. "Star Teev" brodaksa tuaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 11th. Ces cov neeg uas lawv yog armed, yuav tau pom los ntawm Karelia thiab teb chaws Aas Kiv.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho raws li cov ancient sagas, lub Vikings cia li hlub muab nws txhais tes kom thiab epic npe. Piv txwv li, "ib tug ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog", "sib ntaus tus poj dab," "Hma Txhab." Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus yeeb yam no yog tsuas yog lub feem ntau muab thiab zoo tshaj plaws-zoo kuaj.

Yuav ua li cas yog qhov txawv ob-tso axes?

By pom hniav brodaksov twb loj heev thiab loj heev, tab sis lub tswv yim no tsuas yog tej muaj tseeb. Hniav ntawm taus nyob rau hauv qhov siv thiab ua npaum li cas thinner, txuag precious ceeb thawj. Tab sis lub "taus" thiab nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb yuav yog ib tug loj kev ncua deb ntawm lub ntsis ntawm ib tug hniav rau lwm tus neeg yeej mus txog li 30 cm, thiab txawm lub fact tias cov "ua hauj lwm lub cev" taus Vikings yuav luag ib txwm muaj ib tug tseem ceeb khoov. Tej riam phom tau inflicted txaus ntshai heev.

Kov rau txhim khu kev qha viav vias yuav tsum tau ua tau zoo kawg ... thiab lawv yeej yog ib yam! "Nruab nrab" brodaks, so tus ncej mus rau hauv lub ntiaj teb mus txog sawv tub rog mus rau lub puab tsaig, tab sis feem ntau ces yuav tsum thiab "Epic" kuaj. Axes ntawm cov no twb tsis tshua muaj neeg haib tshaj riam phom, tab sis tseem yog ib qho loj drawback lawv muaj. Vim hais tias ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau tuav ob txhais tes, tus tub rog yeej tseem tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ntaub thaiv npog. Thiab yog li ntawd lub "classic" ib-tes laug axes, lub Vikings nyob rau hauv lub yav dhau los lub neej no tsis kawg qhov chaw.

Cawv ntawm Viking riam phom rau tub rog affairs Slavs

Muaj coob tus xws riam phom muaj tau nyob ntawm archaeological excavations rau hauv ib ncig ntawm peb lub teb chaws. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ib tug ntau ntawm nws los brodaksov, feem ntau cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kev tshawb pom rau lub Leningrad cheeb tsam. Nyob ib ncig ntawm lub XII-XIII xyoo pua, qhov teeb meem no nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ua tsawg "tense", thiab daim ntawv teev cov txheej txheem cov khoom yog maj mam hloov. Viking co nrog thoob plaws tuaj maj "hloov" mus rau hauv ib tug kuj txawm tsev neeg cov khoom siv.

Los ntawm txoj kev, Raws li historians thiab archaeologists, nws yog lub sij hawm ntawm ntau kis brodaksov nyob rau hauv Russia tuaj tseeb "boom" ntawm lub teb chaws lub txhab raus phom uas yog kev xav ntawm cov xyoo. Sib ntaus sib tua-axes nyob rau hauv Russia, inspired los ntawm cov Varangian, absorbed qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm European, neeg Esxias thiab Scythian kuaj. Vim li cas peb xyuam xim rau nws? Nws yog yooj yim: Lavxias teb sab axes tom qab hloov zuj zuj xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv zoo ib yam li qhov zoo ntawm qhov Normans.

ua ke ua qauv

Nws Kievan Rus muab ib tug thib ob lub neej mus rau lub neej coj variants, nrog rau cov striker rau lub taub qab. Tej riam phom ntawm ib lub sij hawm heev Scythians tau teev tseg. Nws yog ib cov axes nyob rau hauv lub 10-11 centuries "priberut lawv txhais tes rau ntawm" lub Vikings, thiab nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws no ua tsov rog yuav pib nws lub peb hlis ntuj nyob rau Western teb chaws Europe. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias tus thawj Viking Klevets siv nrog ib tug yooj yim yeej los yog mushroom-zoo li tus seem.

Tab sis twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 12th sib ntaus sib tua-axes nyob rau hauv Russia tau co nyiaj npib square zoo lawm. Qhov no evolution heev yooj yim los mus piav qhia: yog hais tias tus thawj tub rog txiv neej hnav nyob rau hauv cov saw mail thiab lwm yam teeb armor, lub armor lub sij hawm los ua ntau thiab ntau yam mob loj. Nws yog tsim nyog los ntaus nws, ntawm no thiab muaj Klevtsov thiab "punches" nrog ib tug qhia tau ncau seem. Qhov tseem ceeb sawv cev ntawm lub Varangian-Lavxias teb sab taus yog ib tug taus Andreya Bogolyubskogo. Feem ntau cov yuav, tus tub huabtais nws tus kheej, nws yeej tsis tau koom, tab sis twb ua ib yam li peb yog piav txog lub keeb kwm lub sij hawm.

Riam phom "Niaj hnub nimno Vikings"

Niaj hnub no, los ntawm txoj kev, ua niaj hnub replicas ntawm cov riam phom. Kuv yuav yuav taus? Kizlyar ( "Viking" - ib qho ntawm feem nrov qauv) - qhov no yog qhov tshiab "teb" ib tug zoo riam phom. Yog hais tias koj yuav mus rau ib tug passionate re-enactors, qhov zoo xaiv koj yuav tsis syschete nyob qhov twg.

Yog vim li cas tsis rab ntaj?

Raws li peb tau sau tseg, nws yog feem ntau ntaus nqi Everyman taus raws li ib tug riam phom ib tug woodcutter thiab ib tug tswv tsev, tsis yog ib tug tub rog. Nyob rau hauv kev tshawb xav, qhov no assumption muaj Coy tej logically tsim nyog cov kev xav: firstly, nws yog yooj yim npaum li mus ua riam phom. Ob, txawm nyob rau qhov ntau los yog tsawg dua tau paub rab ntaj yuav tsum tau tsis tsawg tshaj li kaum xyoo, thaum lub sij hawm taus yog tus txiv neej nyob rau hauv cov hnub lossi, thiab kev txhim kho cov kev txawj ntse ntawm nws siv mus, kom hais lus, "nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm".

Tab sis qhov no saib yog tsuas thwj ib nrab xwb. Yuav luag tus xwb zoo tshaj nyob rau hauv cov kev xaiv ntawm riam phom yog nws cov tub rog nqi hluav taws xob. Muaj ntau historians ntseeg tau hais tias lub taus tau raug supplanted los ntawm hniav ntaj hniav riam vim hais tias ntawm nws cov hnyav hnyav. Thiab nws tseem yog tsis heev muaj tseeb. Firstly, tus luj ntawm lub Viking taus tsuas yog me ntsis ntau tshaj qhov uas tus hniav ntaj hniav riam sib ntaus sib tua (thiab tej zaum kuj yog me me thiab - loj ntawm lub taus yog tsis ntau tshaj li 600 grams). Secondly, ntaj viav vias kuj yuav tsum tau ib tug ntau ntawm qhov chaw.

Feem ntau cov yuav, nyob rau hauv ib cov keeb kwm foundations taus nws muab nws qhov chaw vim hais tias ntawm txoj kev vam meej nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam. Steel ua ntau cov tub rog yuav muab ib tug ntau ntawm cia ua tsis tau zoo, tab sis hauj thiab pheej yig swords, kev sib ntaus los siv cov khoom uas yog ntau yooj yim thiab yuav tsis tau xws tseem ceeb lub cev cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub "neeg siv." Nws yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov tias fights ntawm lub sij hawm uas twb tsis muaj kuab heev fencing, rooj plaub tau txiav txim siab los ntawm ob los yog peb tus cwj nrag, muaj lub zoo dua ntawm zoo npaj cov neeg, thiab, yog li ntawd, lub taus thiab rab ntaj nyob rau hauv no hais txog tau sib npaug riam phom.

economic tseem ceeb

Tiam sis peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog ib tug ntau yog vim li cas Ax chaw. Viking Ax (uas nws lub npe - brodaks) twb tseem txhob txwm economic nqi. Cias muab, tib rab ntaj tsim ib tug fortified camp yog tsis zoo li mus kawm tau ntawv zoo, lawv yuav tsis kho cov kev sib ntaus los Drakkar tsis manufacture cov khoom, thiab ntoo, tom qab tag nrho, yog tsis txiav. Muab hais tias ib tug loj ib feem ntawm nws lub neej muaj Vikings nyob rau hauv lub campaigns, thiab nyob rau hauv tsev nws yog koom nyob rau hauv kev thaj yeeb ua hauj lwm, cov kev xaiv ntawm lub taus yog ntau tshaj li justified vim hais tias ntawm nws cov high practicality.

Taus raws li ib tug riam phom ntawm noble warriors

Judging los ntawm cov keeb kwm thiab archaeological finds, hom riam phom yog heev nrov ntawm cov Scandinavian warriors. Piv txwv li, zoo-paub nyob rau hauv lawv lub sij hawm-huab tais Olav tus Vaj yog tus tswv ntawm ib tug sib ntaus sib tua taus nrog ib tug kev paub qhia lo lub npe "Hel". Yog li ntawd, los ntawm txoj kev, qhov ancient Scandinavians hu ua lub vajtswv poj niam ntawm txoj kev tuag. Eirik attributable tub Harald Fairhair, yog muaj kev sib fwm lub npe menyuam yaus "ntshav taus", uas yog es hinted nws nyiam nyob rau hauv cov kev xaiv ntawm riam phom.

Nquag mention ntawm lub "taus yog pw tawm nyob rau hauv nyiaj" nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhov chaw, thiab nyob rau hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no, zaum tau pom muaj ntau archaeological artifacts ua tim khawv rau qhov tseeb ntawm cov lus no. Qhov no nyob rau hauv particular tau tus naas ej Mamennskaya taus, rau ntawm qhov chaw uas yog pom ceeb thiab nthuav cov qauv tsim tsav ib tug silver thread. Nws yog tej yam ntuj tso tau hais tias xws li ib tug riam phom yog ib tug raws li txoj cai thiab hais txog lub siab txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv nyob rau hauv lub zej lub zos.

Burial ntawm Sutton Hoo kuj qhia tau hais tias zoo deference mus rau lub sib ntaus sib tua-taus, txij li thaum nws tau raug nrhiav tau ntau richly adorned nrog axes. Judging los ntawm cov khoom kim heev ntawm no faus hauv av, muaj yuav tsum tau faus nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov tub rog cov thawj coj ntawm lub Ces kaum los yog Saxons. Qhov ntawd yog cov yam ntxwv: tus tuag faus nws tus kheej "nyob rau hauv lub caj npab" nrog ib tug taus, uas yuav luag tsis muaj decorations. Qhov no yog ib tug txhob txwm ua tub rog ua tsov rog, yog li ntawd lub neej ntawm tus txiv neej no kom meej meej xav axes.

dawb ceev ntsiab lus

Muaj yog ib yam uas hais tias tus nyob tswm seeb hauv uas Northerners kho nrog axes. Archaeological thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv kom meej meej qhia tias tus tattoo "taus" Viking mas tsis tshua muaj tus nais khu precisely nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawm lub 10 rau lub xyoo pua 15th. Riam phom uas, cas, xam nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov sib ntaus sib tua cov qauv uas ua rau luag qhuas nws lub cev kev tub rog.

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias amulet "Viking taus" tsis yog tsis tshua muaj heev. Yuav luag txhua txhua ob lub tsev me nyuam raug tshem tawm muaj nyob rau hauv nws muaj pes tsawg leeg ib tug tej yam me me figurine taus. Nws twb ntseeg tau hais tias qhov no kho kom zoo nkauj muab lub dag lub zog, lub hwj chim thiab lub siab ntawm tus tub rog.

ywj siab ntau lawm

Yog hais tias koj yog - ib tug kws reconstructor, tus zoo tagnrho yuav tsum tau ib tug taus "Viking" (ntau lawm Kizlyar). Tab sis muaj xws li "cov khoom ua si" tsis dhau pheej yig, tab sis vim hais tias ntau lub kiv cua ntawm medieval riam phom yuav tau xav txog tus neeg siv cov khoom no. Yuav ua li cas tiag tiag yog nws? Yog nws ua tau kom ib tug taus Viking nrog nws tus kheej ob txhais tes?

Yog, nws yog heev sai tau. Lub hauv paus rau ancient riam phom yuav pab raws li ib tug dog dig taus, uas los ntawm txoj kev grinders cia li txiav tawm tag nrho cov ruaj. Tom qab hais tias, siv tag nrho cov tib lub grinders, maj mam muab zashlifovyvayut tag nrho saum npoo, uas yuav tsum tsis txhob yuav muaj burrs protruding daim hlau.

lwm yam lus

Raws li koj tau pom, yuav ua rau ib tug taus Viking nrog nws tus kheej ob txhais tes yog tus yooj yim, thiab siv nws tsis yuav tsum tau. Lub disadvantage ntawm no txoj kev yog hais tias lub resulting riam phom yuav tsuas muaj ib tug hniav muaj nuj nqi, raws li lawv ua haujlwm yuav tsis vam meej.

Yuav kom tsim ib qho qhabnias qauv yuav tau siv kev pab los ntawm ib tug kws kws ntaus hlau, txij li thaum xwb forging muab hais tiag tag nrho-featured taus, ib tug analogue ntawm lub Ax, uas ib zaug tiv thaiv lub Vikings. Ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas yuav ua rau ib tug Viking taus.