Underwater automatic APS: duab, hauj lwm, analogs

Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, lub divers raws li lub ntsiab riam phom siv ib rab riam. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 1950, nrog lub advent ntawm thawj scuba nws los ua tseeb hais tias ib tug kab mob swimmer muaj ib tug zoo lub caij nyoog los mus ciaj sia nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv cov dej, yog hais tias nws yog kom koj tus nrog sib ntaus los ntawm ib tug deb. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, cov riam twb hloov underwater rab hmuv vos phom, uas muaj pov thawj yuav tsum tau zoo tsuas yog rau cov kev yos hav zoov los yog rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm sharks. Qhov no ua tsov rog muaj ib tug uas tsis muaj kev ceev, ntev ntau, tus nqi ntawm cov hluav taws thiab siv ceev xwmphem hwj chim lub zog. Tsis txhob ib tug neeg tus yeeb ncuab siv xwb lub rab hmuv vos phom, nws yog qhov nyuaj heev. Nyob rau hauv no hais txog, tsim ua hauj lwm rau lub creation ntawm underwater multiply gunshot kuaj tau pib nyob rau hauv ntau lub teb chaws. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog tsim los ntawm Soviet gunsmith tshuab rau underwater shooting APS.

Qhov tsab xov xwm muaj cov lus qhia txog lub underwater riam phom thiab ib tug ob peb zoo sib xws qauv, siv los ntawm frogmen lwm lub xeev.

zaj dabneeg

Nyob rau hauv Lub kaum hli ntuj 1955 nyob rau hauv lub Sevastopol bay ntawm Novorossiysk muaj yog ib tug txaus ntshai huam yuaj, thaum lub sij hawm uas poob rau hauv lub battleship. Tej lub sij hawm cov kws txawj ntseeg tau hais tias qhov ua rau ntawm kev tsis zoo siab yog ib tug kev ua si. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no tsis muaj tej yam tshwm sim ntawm sab nraud cuam tshuam, cov txheej xwm nyob rau hauv 1955 yuam cov tub rog mus xav txog cov nqe lus nug: yuav ua li cas muaj peev xwm zoo mas underwater subversive pawg? Nyob rau hauv lub 1960 lub Soviet Union tau tsim los ntawm ob peb chav nyob ntawm frogmen, rau cov uas qhov Soviet gunsmiths ua APS underwater siv lub tshuab (yees duab riam phom nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm).

developers

Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob kev ua hauj lwm ua nyob rau hauv "TSNIITOCHMASH" enterprise nyob rau hauv nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm VV Podolsk Simonov. Tus thawj version ntawm lub MTA twb tau koom ua ke designer PA cov ntaub so ntswg. Txij li thaum 1975, lub MTA mass-ua nyob rau ntawm ib caj npab Hoobkas nyob rau hauv Tula. Feeb ntau, cov submarines tau armed nrog lub tshuab phom rau cov tub rog ntawm lub Soviet tshwj xeeb rog ntawm cov rog. Niaj hnub no, nws yog ib tug riam phom siv los ntawm scuba frogmen Russia thiab Ukraine.

Yuav ua li cas yog cov teeb meem kev nyuaj siab designers?

Nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem uas npaj cov kev underwater me me caj npab ua ntej lub developers muaj ib qho teeb meem, uas yog lub xub ntiag ntawm cov dej kuj. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm nws txoj kev sib cuag nrog lub kas tham ntawm automatic thiab semi-automatic qauv yuav txuam nrog cov chav, uas lub ntsiab qhov riam phom inoperable. Thaum koj tsim tau lub underwater tshwj xeeb APS tshuab, ob tug yam raug coj mus rau hauv tus account.

hais

APS underwater tshuab yog siv raws li ib tug riam phom ntawm ib tug neeg swimmers, scuba divers rau firing ntawm nto thiab underwater lub hom phaj. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau qhov no riam phom designers tsim MPS cartridge (cartridge tshwj xeeb marine) caliber 5.6 hli, uas muaj cov mos txwv koob (sagittal) yam, qhov loj uas tsis pub tshaj 15 g. Slug loj ntawm 12 cm. Lub taub hau ib feem muaj ib tug constriction. Externally lub mos txwv tsa ib tug muab ob npaug rau truncated lub khob hliav qab. Nws lub taub hau feem muaj xws li ib tug cavitation chamber, uas yog tsim los pas dej ua ke:

• Ruaj zog nyob rau hauv cov dej.
• Txuag zog deb.

Vim cov tsis muaj chim rifling nyob rau hauv ib tug underwater tshuab APS thaum lub sij hawm cia nyias zog txwv cov creation ntawm torque. Thaum shooting rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub mos txwv yog stabilized thiab hits ib lub hom phiaj ntawm ib tug deb ntawm txog ib puas meters, lub kev sib ntaus los muaj peev xwm ua tshaj cov kev txwv ntawm divers rau ntawm ntug dej.

Yuav kom ua tau underwater machines APS thiab spp-1 rab yaj phom (tshwj xeeb underwater) yog siv los ntawm swimmers kev sib ntaus los missions, uas yog tib yam li lub tshuab, nruj heev heev rau firing cartridges IPU thiab MPST (hiav txwv cartridge tshwj xeeb taug qab siv frogmen kho shooting).

Vim qhov kev txiav txim ntawm MTA automation nyob rau hauv inert dej kuj tau kov yeej nyob rau hauv lub system. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, APS underwater tshuab yuav zoo siv rau firing nyob rau hauv cov dej ntawm ib tug deb ntawm ncaj qha visibility. Lethality ntawm xws cia nyias qhov thiab thawj zaug tshaj tawm (365 m / s) yog txaus ua txhaum ib tug 0.5 cm organic iav thiab ntaus tus nrog sib ntaus hnav ib cov diving ce.

ntaus ntawv

Thaum raug lub receiver rau underwater MTA tshuab siv daim ntawv hlau. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias cov me me caj npab npaj rau cov lag luam nyob rau hauv dej, nws txawv me ntsis los ntawm cov av ntawm cov qauv tshuab. MTA yog txawm peem rau nrog automatic reloading mechanism uas ua hauj lwm vim lub zog ntawm propellant gases uas tas los rau ntawm lub thoob channel thaum shooting.

Cov riam phom yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug txhais mechanism, uas tso cai rau cov tub rog mus tua ob zaug xwb tas mus li bursts. Mus nqa tawm lub hloov hom firing tshuab nruab nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb tshuab txhais lus. Qhov chaw rau nws qhov chaw yog rau sab laug sab ntawm lub receiver.

Tsaug rau tus nqi rau cov hlau hlau nrog ib tug phom loj taub qab yog yooj yim rau koj khiav lag luam. Nyob rau hauv teb tej yam kev mob lub taub qab ntawm ib qho yooj yim mus xaub rau hauv lub receiver, thiab cov cav tov lawv tus kheej yuav nrog cov sab ntawm underwater tsheb. APS yog tsim los rau 2,000 txhaj tshuaj nyob rau hauv cov dej. Nws lub neej nyob rau hauv cov huab cua yog 180 txhaj tshuaj.

Yuav ua li cas puas muaj tus underwater ua tsov rog?

Thaum lub sij hawm firing MTA shutter tsiv rov qab, ua lub channel qhib ntawm lub thoob, lub extraction ntawm lub breech tes tsho thiab nws cov extraction. Qhov rov qab caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv tus ntawm lub ntsia liaj qhov rooj yog compressed, tsiv cutter poob lawm thiab cocked tus txhais. Tom qab koj nias tus txhais caij nplooj ntoos hlav rov qab mechanism pib mus ua hauj lwm. Thaum lub sij hawm nws rov qab zog rau pem hauv ntej los ntawm txoj kev lub shutter yog ua chambering tom ntej no munition los ntawm cov magazine mus rau hauv lub chamber thiab kaw qhov chim channel. Lub receiver yog txawm peem rau nrog tshwj xeeb locking lugs, uas yog npaj rau txhav tas cov shutter. Txhav Tas yog suav tias yog tiav yog hais tias tus shutter nws lugs mus qab lub abutments. Swb, mus rau pem suab, txhawb cov tub ntxhais nrog lub nruas, uas nrog rau kev pab los ntawm lub striker smashes primer mos txwv, vim uas muaj ib tug txhaj koob tshuaj tivthaiv.

Cov mos txwv mov

Chaw rau neeg los ua ib lub thawv-zoo li tus ob kab khw mus txog rau 26 munitions. Sib cais ntawm cartridges nyob rau hauv lub magazine yog nqa tawm los ntawm txoj kev tshwj xeeb daim hlau. Khw muaj xws li caij nplooj ntoos hlav clamps, kho cov sab sauv mos txwv underwater tshuab APS. Analogues ntawm underwater riam phom, ob leeg ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb hais tias tsis muaj. Txawm li cas los, nws yog lub npe hu hais tias nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Soviet riam phom designers nyob rau hauv lwm lub teb chaws kuj tau npaj siab los ua ib tug zoo meej underwater riam phom.

QBS-06

Qhov no tsis siv neeg neeg me me caj npab txij thaum 2006, equips frogmen 's koom pheej ntawm Tuam Tshoj. QBS-6 yog ib tug underwater phom, los ntawm txoj kev uas lub diver yuav cuam tshuam rau underwater thiab nto lub hom phaj ntawm cov yeeb ncuab.

Lub chim ntawm qhov riam phom yog muab tub rotating ntsia liaj qhov rooj, cov ua ntawm uas yog nyob rau ntawm sab xis ntawm lub tshuab. Nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov receiver ntawv steel siv. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau lub Soviet APS, Suav qauv muaj ib lub hnab yas forearm. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ib tug fighter hnab looj tes yog yooj yim rau siv QBS-6, tus txhais khwb no yog ua los sufficiently dav. Nenareznye yeej. Machine nruab nrog hlau xub pwg lawm. Yog hais tias tsim nyog, lawv muaj peev xwm yuav daim ntau quav tso. Mos txwv nyob rau hauv lub thawv-zoo li tus yas khoom, uas chaw 25 5.8 hli caliber. Rau underwater machines QBS-6 tsim tsau los ntawm unregulated sights.

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm Suav qauv

Pib ntau QBS-6 yog nyob rau ntawm qhov tob ntawm immersion. Thaum uas siv cov cav tov ntawm ib tug tob ntawm 5 m ntau yam ntawm riam phom ntawm 30 m thiab ib tug tob ntawm 20 m - lub cartridges yog zoo ntawm ib tug deb ntawm 20 m yog hais tias tus kab mob swimmer immersed rau 40 m, lub underwater automatic shooting nyob deb tsuas 10 meters kuj yuav siv tau nrog rau qhov no qauv thiab .. rau ntawm qhov chaw, tab sis qhov no yuav txais ib tug txo nyob rau hauv cov neeg ntawm tau thiab kev pab tshuab. Nyob rau hauv QBS-6 siv cov tib lub tswvyim thiab tsim, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv lub Soviet underwater tshuab APS.

Analogs NATO: BUW-2

Nyob rau hauv 1971 nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees yog tsim multi-charge semi-underwater phom BUW-2. Nws los ua mos txwv rau cov active-reactive bullets, uas yog yus los ntawm ib tug hydrodynamic stabilization. Cartridges muaj nyob rau hauv ib tug pov tseg thaiv ntawm plaub yeej. Firing ntau nyob rau hauv cov dej tsis pub tshaj 10 meters nyob rau hauv cov huab cua - 250 mos txwv nruab nrog steel koob 4.5 hli caliber. Lawv ntev yog los ntawm 3 mus rau 6 cm. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub koob txuas vials muaj tej yam tshuaj lom. Cov mos txwv mov yog nqa tawm los ntawm ib lub khw muaj peev xwm ntawm 15 mus rau 20 koob.

P11

German ruaj Heckler Koch tshwj xeeb underwater rab yaj phom P11 tau tsim rau kev sib ntaus los swimmers. Qhov no rab phom yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug replaceable tsev nyob rau hauv uas yog nyob rau hauv lub kas tham, iav yog yav tas los ua nyob rau ntawm lub Hoobkas thiab overcharging yuav pom tau hais heev dua lwm yam nyob rau hauv tshwj xeeb kev cob qhia. Tom qab tag nrho cov nqi yuav tau txhaj tawm, cov blocks raug muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub rab yaj phom. P11 yog tsiag ntawv los ntawm xub ntiag ntawm hluav taws xob nqi thiab yog txawm peem rau nrog ib tug hluav taws xob tiv cav tseb triggering mechanism uas initiates txhua chim elektrokapsyul. Lub hwj chim muab siv ib tug 9-volt roj teeb (ntawm ob). Lawv qhov chaw nyob los ua ib tug kaw compartment nyob rau hauv tus kov.

Los ntawm muaj muab ib lub teeb qhovntsej thiaj tsis mob siv hluav taws xob mechanism. Underwater phom yub tshwj xeeb cov mos txwv ntawm 7,62 hli, uas yog nruab nrog koob zoo li cia nyias qhov. Standard mos txwv muaj xws li ib lub mos txwv uas muaj ib tug ua cov tub ntxhais. Cov cuab yeej-tho mos txwv nruab pleev xim rau dub mos txwv, uas yog muab rau tus steel tub ntxhais. Cov phom muaj ib tug zoo firing ntau txog li 15 meters nyob rau hauv dej, thiab 30 - nyob rau hauv cov huab cua.

Niaj hnub no, cov underwater pistols armed frogmen lub teb chaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Fabkis, Norway, lub teb chaws USA thiab lub UK.