Tub huabtais Myshkin yam ntxwv. Qhov twg tub huabtais Myshkin rau Nastase Filippovne kawm?

Nws yog ntseeg hais tias kiag li zoo hero yog tsis nthuav. Yog muaj tseeb no? Muaj thiab tsis muaj. Xwb, lub "Hero" nrog ib tug capital tsab ntawv no feem ntau dog dig dag. Nws xav thiab kev nqis tes ua, raws li yog hais tias tus tag nrho spectrum ntawm ntxoov dawb - los ntawm snow-dawb rau qab zib, kom huv thiab pub dawb los ntawm resentment, xam khib thiab kua zaub ntsuab. Tsis muaj ib dub nqaij ntawd: Yuav ua li cas yog tias tau?! Nyob rau lwm cov tes - cov duab ntawm tub huabtais Myshkin nyob rau hauv lub tshiab F. M. Dostoevskogo "Lub ruam". Koj tsis tau, los yog es, nws yog tsis yooj yim sua kom paub txog nws - "zoo zoo nkauj", "Tub huabtais-Christ", raws li nws hu ua nws cov neeg sau nws tus kheej - uninteresting los yog tsis muaj thiab tsis tseeb. On qhov tsis tooj, ib tug ceeb metamorphosis: tus tub huabtais - qhov no tsis yog ib qho xav txog tej yam hero, tsis muaj ib tug txawj ua cim, thiab twb muaj txoj sia nyob nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb tragic txoj hmoo, ib yam nkaus thiab zoo meej rau lub ntiaj teb no ntawm uncontrolled passions thiab qia.

lub protagonists

Lub protagonist ntawm tus tshiab "Tus ruam", None Myshkin (tus yam ntxwv duab ntawm lub kua muag, thiab lwm yam), yog pom tias yog ib lub tseem ceeb tshaj plaws dluab nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm F. M. Dostoevskogo thiab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no cov ntaub ntawv raws li ib tug tag nrho. Nyob rau hauv nws tas li muaj lub xub ntiag ntawm Tswv Yexus. Devoid ntawm tag nrho cov qia, kev khav theeb, muab tej txiaj ntsim nrog ib tug zoo kawg li muaj peev xwm mus txeem mus rau hauv lub heev depths ntawm xwm thiab cov tib neeg tus ntsuj plig, tus tub huabtais no tej zaum tsis yog tus zoo tagnrho yuav tsum tau caum cov, thiab cov plaub dua los ntawm kev uas, thiab wobbly khoom ntiaj teb no, thiab cov neeg nrog tag nrho lawv cov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, thiab tag nrho cov tswv yim thiab cov rooj sib txoos uas peb siv los ua nyob rau hauv lub neej, tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib tug txawv lub teeb.

Nws yog tsis muaj kev zam thiab lwm protagonist ntawm tus tshiab - Nastasya Filipovna. Qhov twg tub huabtais Myshkin kawm txog Nastase Filippovne? Ntxiv rau hais tias tom qab ... nws pom nws rau thawj lub sij hawm nyob rau hauv ib tug photographic card. Tub huabtais ob lub qhov muag ces nyob ib tug poj niam ntawm txawv tshaj plaw kev zoo nkauj: tsaus muag, bottomless, hauv pliaj brooding rau lub ntsej muag - ib tug mob siab thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm ib tug tej yam arrogance. Puas nws nyiam nws? Undoubtedly! Tab sis nws yog ib qho amazing neeg, dua dhau los ntawm lub pob tshab lens ntawm nws tus plig, nws yog refracted nyob rau hauv kev npaj txhij txog txoj kev. "Txoj hmoo ntawm tus poj niam no, - nws hais tias - tsis yog los ntawm qhov dog dig, vim hais tias nws raug kev txom nyem ib tug ntau ntawm kev txom nyem, ib tug neeg zoo siab, tab sis ua luaj zoo siab." Thiab raws li yog hais xav raug teeb meem, nws ntxiv tias: "Zoo yog hais tias nws Tom qab tag nrho, yog tias zoo, nws yuav tau txais kev cawmdim!"

Qhov twg tub huabtais Myshkin kawm txog Nastase Filippovne

Qhov kawg ntawm lub kaum ib hlis. Thaw. Tsheb ciav hlau "Petersburg-Warsaw" rau tag nrho cov thooj voos kheej kheej cuag lub sab qaum teb capital - St. Petersburg. Nyob rau hauv lub thib peb-class carriage ntawm txhua ob coob uas xam nrog tawm tsam txhua lwm yam. Mloog yog twv rau ib tug ceeb resemblance random coob uas xam nrog: ob tug neeg, cov tub ntxhais, nees nkaum-rau - nees nkaum-yim xyoo, tsis muaj ntau lub teeb, ob leeg hnav khaub ncaws tsis nyob rau hauv lub zam thiab ob leeg yog "heev kawg li ntsej muag."

Txawm li cas los, muaj kuj yog raug ib tug hitherto unseen thiab tus zoo nruab nrab ntawm lawv. Tus thawj twb loj hlob cus plaws hnav ris tsho, luag cov plaub hau dub, nrog me me tab sis vog thiab ob lub qhov muag thiab arrogant, khav theeb saib. Qhov thib ob "twb yuam kom tag nrho cov ntxooj rau nws rov qab izdrogshey Lavxias teb sab Kaum ib hlis hmo ntuj." Nws yog ruddy, nws ob lub qhov muag loj loj, xiav, no thiab uas ntsiag to. Ntau npe tsis tau hais lus nrov nrov, thiab sab mam li nco dheev polarity ntawm no ob cim yog compressed mus rau lub ntsiab txhais ntawm "tsaus ntuj nti-haired" thiab "ncaj ncees" uas yuav ntxiv zog rau thiab cia siab tias yuav lawv yav tom ntej kev sib raug zoo "fraternity-ntxub."

Fateful zej zog-zoo yuav tsis kis tau los ntawm, thiab tom qab ib tug ntev silence ob coob uas xam nrog kam mus koom nyob rau hauv qhov kev sib tham, thaum lub sij hawm uas qhib lawv lub npe - Parfen Rogozhin thiab tub huabtais Myshkin, thiab lub npe ntawm tus poj niam - Princess Barashkova tsim mus ua si lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib lub hauv paus, ib tug tsuj roj tragic sij hawm . Thiab tam sim no, nyob rau hauv kom meej, qhov twg tub huabtais Myshkin rau Nastase Filippovne kawm.

Keeb kwm Parfen Rogozhin

Nws hloov tawm hais tias tsib lub lis piam dhau los Rogozhin, raws li tus tub huabtais nws tus kheej tam sim no, nrog tsuas yog ib cov pob caus los ntawm leej txiv mus rau Pskov phauj mus rau leej niam khiav. Muaj nws tam sim ntawd thiab slog nyob rau hauv lub tshav kub, thiab nws niam nws txiv tuag nyob rau hauv lub meantime. Tsis txhob cia nws ces lawv heels, yuav tau tam sim no qhov chaw ntawm tus tuag. Yuav ua li cas yog nws rau Vajswv chim nws li ntawd?

Nws tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug noble poj niam, ntawm ib hom ntxhais fuabtais - Nastasyu Filippovnu ... Muaj ib hnub, khiav los ntawm cov Nevsky Prospekt, nws pom nws, Nastasya Filippovna, los ntawm lub khw mus tawm, maj mam, tau hais khov kho, thiab tso nyob rau hauv ib tug carriage. Thaum no heev lub sij hawm ntawd, thiab "seared" nws. Nws fraudulently coj los ntawm nws tus txiv kaum txhiab, mus nowhere tsis nrhiav ncaj nraim mus rau hauv lub English khw, yog rau txhua yam thiab coj ib tug khub ntawm cov pob zeb diamond pendants. Yuav ua li cas, ces, nyob rau hauv lub ko taw ntawm nws yog hais tias ua ntej nws, hais tias cov sab - tsis muaj dab tsi nws tsis tau pom thiab tsis nco qab. Tom qab lawv mus nrog ib tug phooj ywg, Zalozhevym, muaj cai mus txog rau nws thiab, tsis muaj sounding tso rau hauv lub thawv, hais kom noj los ntawm Mr soblagovolitelno Rogozhina. Nws qhia, vzgyanula, grinned thiab txais lub txiaj ntsim. Ntxiv - ntau pos huab, vim hais tias cov txiv neej tuag lawm, Simon Parfonych, tsis yog hais tias phav phav kaum, thiab kaum rubles los ntawm szhivot lub teeb, thiab yuav tsis tseg nws tus tub. Yuav ua li cas? Ntawm no los yog mus rau poob deg, los yog muab doru. Txiav txim siab nyuam qhuav - Kuv coj nees nkaum rubles, thiab khiav mus rau Pskov, thiab muaj - nyob rau hauv pubs, tab sis nyob rau hauv tsis muaj txoj kev xav cov lus dag ... Li no yog tias qhov chaw uas tub huabtais Myshkin rau Nastase Filippovne kawm.

Yuav ua li cas muaj peev xwm nws muaj tub huabtais Myshkin

Twb tau nyob rau tus thawj tshooj qhia txog cov xwm thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsiab cim, thiab nkag rau hauv lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm tus sau: tub huabtais Myshkin thiab Parfen Rogozhin - lub personification ntawm ob opposite sab ntawm tib txoj kev xav - kev hlub. Thawj - qhov no yog kev hlub Christian, saum toj no tag nrho, ntawm sab ntsuj plig, tag nrho cov-pervading, tag nrho cov-kev zam txim rau, tsis muaj expectation ntawm them pauj. Ob - unbridled mob siab rau, tib tug tag nrho-pervading, tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi los zam txim rau.

tug motives

Li no cov duab ntawm lub tub huabtais thiab - "Tub huabtais-Christ." Yuav ua li cas muaj peev xwm muaj tub huabtais Myshkin? Nyob rau hauv nws nws embodied lub tswv yim ntawm FM Dostoevsky txog ib tug txiv neej zoo meej, muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas lub ntiaj teb no mus nias lawv tus kheej "Kuv" thiab hlub nws cov kwvtij zej zog, raws li cov lus txib ntawm Khetos raws li nws tus kheej, muab nws "Kuv" lwm tsis muaj residue nrog ntshiab tsuas yog rau lub hom phiaj ntawm lawv txoj kev cawm seej. Txawm li cas los, xws ib qho zoo tagnrho no tsuas tau raws li ib tug khoom plig los ntawm Vajtswv thiab yuav tsis tau meej pem muaj peev xwm. Yog, nyob rau hauv txhua tus tib neeg los ntawm kev yug me nyuam muab tso rau hauv lub Khetos, tab sis nws tsis yog tag nrho cov-embracing. Nws manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv ntau yam, tab sis nrog nws lwm lub neej, tag nrho nws cov rog antagonistic Vajtswv cov lus txib. Tej no paub tseeb hais tias los ntawm lub scene qhov twg tub huabtais Myshkin nkag mus rau hauv kev sib tham uas muaj tej yam cim.

Tus thawj yam uas nws ib txwm ua - hlub thiab wariness. "Idiotishka!" - lawv hais tias. Tab sis tus tub huabtais tsis yog ib tug dawb huv ruam nyob rau hauv lub literal siab ntawm lo lus. Yog, nws twb pom thiab to taub, tab sis muaj tsis muaj ntsej muag lossis insults. Yog, tus txiv neej yog zoo, tab sis nws tsis muaj txoj cai tshaj nws essence, lawv destiny, tag nrho cov neeg complex thiab contradictory, uas yog siv nyob rau hauv nws los ntawm Vajtswv. Thiab muab nws tso rau hauv Tswv Yexus thiab cov Antichrist. Qhov kawg - qhov no yog tiag tiag ib tug maub, insolent, cynical thiab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nyob mus ib txhis dag zog yuam uas tsis paub, nws yog raug, thiab revel nyob rau hauv lawv txoj kev txhaum: "Saib tag nrho cov kev uas kuv yog!" Tswv Yexus yog ntsiag to, tsis nkag mus rau hauv ib tug tsis sib haum, tsis quaj qw thiab tsis ua pov thawj nws superiority. Nws tos rau cov dab txaus nateshatsya. "Yog tias koj tsis, los ntawm dab tsi tam sim no nkawd. Tab sis koj yeej tsis paub nws yuav yog! "- hais tias tus tub huabtais Nastase Filippovne. Thiab nws yeej tsis yog hais tias yog dab tsi ntawd li - vengeful, lim hiam thiab dissolute, txawm li cas los, zoo li tag nrho cov lwm leej lwm tus. Thiab ntawm no los lub amazing tshaj plaws: txoj kev ntseeg, yeej muaj tseeb txoj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv tug txiv neej, nyob rau hauv nws los saum ntuj txoj kev ntseeg tsis muaj ib tug duab ntxoov ntxoo uas muaj nuj nqis thiab txoj kev ntseeg, ib nrais muag, ib lo lus tsis tag nrho cov xaiv ntawm excesses, thiab koj lem tsaus mus rau lub teeb. Tag nrho cov cai? Tsis yog, tsuas yog rau ib lub sij hawm ntawd. Tab sis, tus Tswv, yog dab tsi ib pliag!

Tub huabtais yog tej nuj nqis dawb huv ruam los yog ib tug "ruam" scatty. Nws "mus tsis tau hais nyob rau hauv yug me nyuam thiab tsis tau ib daim card lo lus hais tias yog muab zais rau hauv lub siab" thiab "heev sai sai thiab confidently enchanting" thiab hais lus ua tsaug thiab generously, selflessly thiab passionately. Thiab nws yuav kuj sai sai no thiab ua tsaug ncav us txog, nyob rau hauv ib feeb los yog hlub, los ntawm tag nrho cov txhais tau tias xav tham nrog nws, yog twb mus txog rau cov miv nyuas, twb peb ntseeg nws secrets, nwj kiag nws txhais tes thiab lees txim. Zoo siab damsel Epanchins, general Wheeler Lebedev, Hippolytus, infamous swindler Doktorenko, unwitting impostor Burdovsky, poob "txhua txhua kos npe rau ntawm morality" Keller, etc. - tag nrho ua tsaug rau ib tug tib None, thiab tsuas yog nyob rau hauv nws lub xub ntiag yog pom nyob rau hauv Tswv Yexus nws tus kheej. Tu siab, "tag nrho cov ntawm lawv rau comic predobrye neeg", vim hais tias nyob sab nraum ntawm lub Moo Zoo, tsis muaj ib tug vaj ntxwv, lawv rov pom lawv tus kheej ib yam: lawv yog tag nrho cov tib kov yeej los ntawm kev txaus siab, kev ntshai, ambition, prejudice thiab greed.

rov qab nyhuv

Tsis tau tsis kam lees thiab rov qab muaj tej yam uas "lub secular ntiaj teb no," tus tub huabtais txoj sia nyob. Yog, nws xav ua - thiab yog tsis muaj kev ua xyem xyav! - cov tub ntxhais, tshuav nyiaj li cas, muaj peev xwm mus qhia, miv, rau reconcile thiab cais puab, tab sis nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nplua nuj, sij hawm uas tseem lub neej thiab captures nws. Nws longs rau nws thiab rau ib tug thaum, tab sis yog heev luv luv, nws ua ib qho active neeg. Yog li, kov ub kov no, sov so thiab tag nrho ntawm lyricism kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tub huabtais thiab Aglaya tsim mus rau hauv ib yam dab tsi ntxiv - "me ntsis ntawm me ntsis nws los ua luaj zoo siab," tawm hauv qab nws daveshny ntshai thiab xav phem cais tsis, thiab rau ib tug lub sij hawm ntawd no mas - nws yog ntev-awaited txoj kev cawm seej! Tab sis lub koom tes tau tsis yuav ...

Thiab nws tsis yog qaug dab peg None kab mob no yog tsis Nastase Filippovne, Rogozhin tsis thiab yog tsis tsis kawg siab mus cawm tau nws thiab tag nrho, es - nyob rau hauv lawv, tab sis lawv yog - cia li qhov ntxeev ntawm lub iceberg. Nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nti dej kem yog muab zais lwm yam - lub cev tsis xa nws cov essence, thiab yog li ntawd hloov txoj hmoo. Yuav ua li cas yuav tsis tub huabtais Lev Nikolayevich (rau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas mus rau npe rau tub huabtais Myshkin) hloov lub ntiaj teb no nyob ib ncig ntawm, thiab lub ntiaj teb no yuav hloov tsis tau nws. seb tus tub huabtais yeej paub txog nws? Yog. Ua nyob rau hauv lub plawv ntawm lub intricate twists thiab neeg tuag taus mob siab rau, nws realizes hais tias tus tuag ntawm tag nrho cov neeg uas koj khi nws txoj hmoo, thiab nws tus kheej yog imminent. Tag nrho cov nws muaj peev xwm - hneev ua ntej lawv raug kev txom nyem, mus txais txoj hmoo - Vajtswv txoj hau kev, raws li hais tiag muaj tseeb, thiab selflessly qhia rau lawv lawv txoj hmoo - tej zaum nws yog ib tug yooj yim me ntsis torment. Unbearable teb cog txiv, puas siab puas ntsws anguish thiab kev tuag, nyob rau hauv ib tes, ua ib tug nyeem tas cua ntawm hopelessness, thiab nyob rau lwm yam - yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim lawv ib leeg yuav tau paub Vajtswv, sawv rov qab los thiab kev tsis txawj tuag. Thiab ntawm no nws yog muaj raws li ib tug inexpressible kev kaj siab, xav thiab kev tshoov siab - ntawm no nws yog to taub tsis tau qhov tseeb! - thiab sib sib zog nqus thiab, ib tug yuav hais tias, ib tug sublime noj mov. Antichrist yog tawm tsam nrog Vajtswv, thiab nyob mus ib txhis battlefield - tus ntsuj plig ntawm cov neeg ...