Torkel Knutsson monument: ib tug kev piav qhia thiab kev yees duab ntawm lub monument

Npaj siab mus sau dua tshiab keeb kwm los yog faus ib co ntawm nws cov lus tseeb uas khiav counter mus rau lub hom ideology, yeej ib txwm coj. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm peb raug kev txom nyem tsis tau tsuas yog tib neeg, tab sis kuj monuments. Muaj ntau tus neeg mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm monuments, xws li cov neeg ntawm artistic tus nqi, yog chiv los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm nyob rau ntawm lub ntau ntau ntau nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm. Cov muaj xws li cov monument thiab Torkel Knutsson (Viborg). Nws sawv rau 40 xyoo ua ntej lub qub zos nrog, thiab ces tus nqi qub ua ntej sib sau ua ke nyob rau hauv cov hmoov av hauv lub tsev teb communal kev pab cuam ntawm lub nroog, thiab tom qab ntawd - nyob rau hauv lub qab daus nyob rau hauv lub pej thuam ntawm tus qub Olaf.

Leej twg yog Torkel Knutsson

Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov nws yog tsim nyog los nrhiav seb leej twg yog tus neeg uas yog ib tug monument nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntawm Vyborg. Yog li ntawd, tsis paub hais tias feem ntau Russians lub npe ntawm Torkel Knutsson coj qhws Swedish Marshal, uas rau ntau tshaj 15 xyoo kav lub teb chaws rau sawv cev ntawm ib tug me nyuam huab tais Birger Magnusson. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib tug active koom tes nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm Christianization ntawm lub Finns thiab Karelians nyob rau hauv lub lig lub xyoo pua 13th, nyob rau hauv 1293 nrhiav tau lub Vyborg tsev fuabtais.

prehistory

Lub tswv yim rau tebchaws ib monument Torkel Knutsson nyob rau hauv Vyborg thawj xeeb kes duab lub vajtse Jakob Arenberg. Nws twb koom nyob rau hauv lub kho tshiab ntawm lub tsev fuabtais thiab muaj ib tug romantic saib ntawm lub keeb kwm ntawm lub Swedish nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 1880s, nws twb mus los ntawm lub sculptor Ville Valgren uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim. Arenberg ntev xav kom txhim tsa ib tug monument rau tus founder ntawm Vyborg thiab cog lus tseg rau xav txog. Qhov kawg ntawm 1884 nyob rau hauv ib tug txawj sib hlub sib txhawb kev tshwm sim tau raug tsa, thaum lub sij hawm uas muaj kev tswj los mus sau 300 qhab nia rau cov kev siv ntawm tus monument. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm nws coj Arenberg free rov teem caij dua cheeb tsam thiab npaj. Meanwhile, cov thawj qauv ntawm ib tug duab puab ntawm lub Swedish Marshal muaj pov thawj unsuitable, thiab Valgrenu yuav tsum tau ua ib tug thib ob, yuav tsum tshiab siv nyiaj. Tab sis lub ntsiab teeb meem muaj tom hauv ntej, raws li nws muab tawm hais tias lub tswv yim mus txhim tsa ib tug monument Torkel Knutsson tsis nyiam cov tub rog commandant ntawm Vyborg - Major General M. L. Duhoninu, thiab tus tswv xeev - lub Count Fyodor Heydens.

Ua ib tug sketch

Tsis muaj ib tug daim ntawv tso cai tso cai rau koj rau nruab ib monument nyob rau hauv Viborg Torkel Knutsson, tus sau phau ntawv tseem pib mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv nws cov creation. Nyob rau hauv kev, Valgren mus rau Paris, qhov chaw uas nyob rau hauv nws rhiav nyob rau hauv 1888, ua ib tug hneev taw ntawm bronzed plaster. Nyob rau hauv lub lig caij nplooj ntoos hlav, nws raug coj mus rau Vyborg thiab tshaaj nyob rau hauv lub nroog museum, dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ib tug kos npe rau "Knight."

Monument Torkel Knutsson: lub keeb kwm ntawm creation

Thaum pib ntawm 1890 ib daim ntawv thov xa tuaj rau sawv cev ntawm Yakhauj vyborgtsev Arenberg, twb muab tso tseg. Ntxiv mus, Alexander III muab ib tug decree txwv rau kev siv ntawm Public monuments "tsis muaj koob muaj npe tso cai thov." Txawm li cas los, cov dab neeg tsis xaus muaj, raws li muaj ob yam: lub zos Aptekar Yogann von Tsveygberg txib ua ntej nws tuag, 167.000 Finnish tias nyob rau hauv dai kom zoo ntawm Vyborg, thiab muaj ib tug kiv puag ncig ntawm 1905, tom qab uas cov tub ceev xwm tau them ntau dua mloog kom tus uas yuav tsum tau ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm lub ciam teb thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws Ottoman. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, Nicholas II pom zoo kos ntawm lub monument Knutsson thiab muab kev tso cai rau nruab nws. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm lub municipality tau faib 30 txhiab tias los ntawm cov nyiaj bequeathed mus rau lub nroog nyob rau hauv lub casting ntawm lub monument nyob rau hauv Paris.

Nyob rau hauv 1908, nws tau nqa tawm kev ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho ntawm lub cheeb tsam, qhov chaw uas nws twb npaj siab mus nrhiav kom tau ib daim duab Knutsson. Nws twb tseem ua los ntawm granite pedestal, tus neeg sau ntawm peb tes num ntawm uas yog tus naas ej modernist kes duab vajtse Karl Segerstad.

foundations

Lub ceremony coj qhov chaw nyob rau Cuaj hlis 21, 1908 nyob rau hauv kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Swedish hnub. Los ntawm txoj kev, nyob rau hauv tib lub hnub nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam Square ntawm Helsinki yog tsim los pab lwm sculptor Valgren - Havis Amanda.

Cov xov xwm hais tias cov Vyborg ib tug monument Torkel Knutsson, twb ambiguously tau txais los ntawm Lavxias teb sab zej zog. Muaj ntau cov politicians thiab cov tub rog xam tau tias yog offensive fact uas tso rau hauv monument rau tus txiv neej uas los ntawm cov ntshav ntawm Lavxias teb sab thiab lub hwj chim cog Swedish kab lis kev cai. Txawm li cas los, "lub Finnish ntawv xov xwm" luam tawm ib tsab xov xwm, uas nws sau hais tias Knutsson tiv thaiv nrog cov tub rog ntawm lub Novgorod koom pheej. Raws li tus sau, nws twb tsis muaj kev sib raug zoo mus rau lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman, uas tsuas tsis muaj. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov neeg sawv cev ntawm lub Finnish thiab Swedish pej xeem tau muab ib daim ntawv qhia hais tias tus monument Torkel Knutsson keeb kwm, kev cob cog rua nrog lub tsev fuabtais thaj av thiab muaj dab tsi ua nrog xwb.

Qhov no controversy tau yuam Nicholas II mus txais lub "Solomonic" tshuaj. Yog li ntawd nyob rau hauv Viborg rau lub pob zeb, uas yog pom mus rau hauv lub citadel, nrhiav tau los ntawm Marshal, ib tug monument rau Peter lub Great.

dismantling

Nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub 40-ies ntawm lub xeem tiam raws li ib tug tshwm sim ntawm cov tub rog txiav txim Vyborg pheej dhau los ntawm txhais tes mus rau tes. Dua li no, lub monument Torkel Knutsson (saib hauj lwm. Hauv qab no) kom txog thaum 1948 nws tseem nyob rau hauv nws cov pedestal thiab twb tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj.

Nws yog tseem tsis meej dab tsi lub zog tub ceev xwm ntawm Vyborg tiv thaiv monument ntawm nws tus tsim. Peb tsuas paub hais tias muaj ib hnub, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm 1948, yog ua tus hu hais kom ua kev sib txuas lus battalion, uas twb sawv nyob rau hauv lub tsev fuabtais. Thaum lub sij hawm lub xov tooj sib tham, cov tub rog hais kom tshem tawm cov monument Torkel Knutsson, ib tug yees duab ntawm cov uas tau ntau xyoo adorned postcards xa mus rau cov neeg nyob nrog tej txheeb ze nyob rau hauv Sweden thiab nyob rau hauv lub zos ntawm cov Lavxias teb sab teb chaws Ottoman. Tuav yog tshuav unanswered, thiab ib hmo, cov tub rog khi ib txoj hlua rau ntawm nws caj dab daim tus tauj ncov loj thiab jerks dua nws los ntawm lub pedestal. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub monument tau raug kev txom nyem loj heev raug mob, thiab nws yog nyob rau hauv lub tsev teb Vyborg hlauv taws xob. Tom qab 30 xyoo ntawm nplooj siab zos tsev cia puav pheej pom ib tug bronze daim duab Knutsson, tab sis ua ntej installation nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw yog tsis mus txog, thiab nws muaj ntau tshaj li 10 xyoo twb khaws cia nyob rau hauv lub qab daus ntawm lub tsev fuabtais.

rov qab

Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1991, Torkel Knutsson monument nyob rau hauv Viborg (Chaw nyob: sq. Laus Hauv lub zos Hall) pib los, thiab tshiab thawj tsim ntawm lub pedestal tau tsim. 2 xyoos tom qab, nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm tus 700th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev fuabtais hauv thaj av, ib tug monument twb unveiled thiab ua lub ntsiab dai kom zoo ntawm lub nroog dua.

piav qhia

Lub monument muaj ib tug es coj loj, tab sis zoo impressive txaus.

Marshal Knutsson nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus los kaus mom hlau stands rau ib tug siab granite pedestal, lub ntsej muag mus rau nws lub tsev fuabtais. Nws sab tes xis grasps rab ntaj thiab ces muab pov tseg ib sab. Nyob rau hauv nws sab laug tes nws tuav ib tug ntaub thaiv npog tshem tawm mus rau hip voos zoo. Nyob rau nws saum npoo muaj ib nyem daim duab ntawm ib tug heraldic tsov ntxhuav. Tus naj npawb muaj ib tug qhia thiab yog tag nrho raws li cov neeg Yakoba Arenberga, uas xav kom armor thiab jousting tag nrho cov cwj pwm tau portrayed raws li meej li sai tau.

Tam sim no uas koj paub tias leej twg lub Torkel Knutsson, uas nws monument adorns tus square ntawm lub qub zos nrog nyob hauv Viborg, thiab nws mam li xav saib yog hais tias nws zoo nkaus li nyob rau hauv cov qhov chaw.