Tiam Intel processors: kev piav qhia thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv

Qhov tsab xov xwm yuav muab suav hais tias nyob rau hauv kom meej qhov tseeb tiam ntawm Intel processors raws li nyob rau hauv lub architecture ntawm lub "tub ntxhais". Lub tuam txhab occupies ib tug uas txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam ntawm lub computer systems, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov PC thaum lub caij yog yuav mus nyob rau nws semiconductor chips.

lub tuam txhab txoj kev loj hlob lub tswv yim ntawm "Intel"

Tag nrho cov yav dhau los tiam ntawm Intel processors raug mus rau ib tug ob-xyoo voj voog. Qhov no lub tswv yim tshiab yog tso tawm los ntawm lub tuam txhab ntawd npe hu ua "Zuam-tock". Cov thawj theem, hu ua "Zuam" yog cov neeg txhais ntawm lub CPU mus rau lub txheej txheem tshiab. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm architecture tiam "Sandi Bridzh" (2nd Tiam) thiab "Ivi choj" (koob thib 3 tiam) twb yuav luag zoo tib yam. Tiam sis ua ntej lawm technology raws li nyob rau hauv cov kev cai ntawm 32 nm, thiab lub thib ob - 22 nm. Ib yam yuav hais txog "HasVell" (4th tiam, 22 nm) thiab "BroadVell" (tiam sis thib 5, 14 nm). Nyob rau hauv lem, cov theem ntawm "Yog li ntawd" txhais tau tias ib tug tshaj dhau hloov nyob rau hauv lub architecture ntawm semiconductor chips thiab ib tug tseem ceeb nce nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv. Raws li ib qho piv txwv, xws zaus:

• 1 tiam Westmere thiab 2nd tiam "Sandi Bridzh". Cov hauj txheej txheem nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tib yam - 32 nm, tab sis cov kev hloov nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub architecture ntawm lub nti khoom - Northbridge motherboard thiab graphics tsuj roj ua pauv mus rau lub CPU.

• 3 Tiam "Ivi choj" thiab 4 tiam "HasVell". Optimized zog noj ntawm lub computer system, nce lub moos speeds ntawm tej daim.

• Tiam sis thib 5 "BroadVell" thiab 6 tiam "SkayLayk". Dua tsa lub zaus txawm ntau paub zog noj thiab ntxiv ib co lus qhuab qhia, uas txhim khu kev kawm.

Khiav lag ua kev daws teeb meem raws li nyob rau hauv architecture "Cor"

Central ua tsev "Intel" tuam txhab uas muag muaj cov nram qab muab tso rau:

• Cov feem ntau pheej yig tov - nws chips "Tseleron". Lawv yog tsim rau cov los ua ke ntawm chaw ua hauj lwm computers, uas yog tsim nyob rau hauv lub feem ntau yooj yim paub tab.

• Ib tug nqis siab tshaj cov tswm CPU series "pentium". Architecturally lawv yog yuav luag tag zoo tib yam rau tus yau tus qauv "Tseleron". Tab sis ntawm no yog lub nce cache peb theem thiab ntau dua frequencies muab lawv ib tug meej kom zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Niche ntawm lub CPU - ib qho kev nkag-qib gaming PC.

• Qhov nruab nrab ya ntawm lub CPU "Intel" muab kev txiav txim rau lub hauv paus ntawm "Cor Ay3". Previous ob hom ntawm processors, yuav muaj xwb 2 computational unit. Ib yam yuav hais txog "Cor Ay3". Tiam sis ntawm no lub thawj ob tsev neeg ntawm tej daim tsis txhawb "gipertreyding" technology, thiab cov "Cor Ay3" - nws yog. Raws li ib tug tshwm sim, lub software theem 2 lub cev chav tsev yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv 4 qhov kev pab cuam tiav txaus. Qhov no yog qhia ib tug tseem ceeb kev ua tau zoo boost. Nyob rau lub hauv paus ntawm tej khoom nws yog twb tau mus sib sau ua ke rau hauv lub gaming mainstream PC, nraaj chaw nres tsheb los yog txawm tias ib tug nkag teb chaws-theem neeg rau zaub mov.

• Niche kev daws teeb meem saum toj no nruab nrab, tab sis tsawg dua tus nqi ya yog lawm ua tus sau nrog chips muab kev txiav txim rau lub hauv paus ntawm "Cor Ay5". Qhov no semiconductor nti yuav khav ntawm ib tug tib neeg lub cev cores 4. Nws yog ib qhov architectural nuance thiab muab ib tug zoo dua nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev ua tau zoo tshaj qhov "Cor Ay3". Ntau tsis ntev los no tiam ntawm Intel i5 processors muaj dua moos speeds thiab nws muab tas mus li productivity gains.

• Niche hwm cov khoom noj nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm "Cor Ay7". Cov nab npawb ntawm cov laij units muaj raws nraim tib yam li hais tias ntawm lub "Cor Ay5". Tab sis tam sim no lawv muaj cia li zoo li hais tias ntawm "Cor Ay3», muaj technology them nyiaj yug, code-npe hu ua "Cus Trading". Yog li ntawd, nyob rau lub software theem 4 nucleus yog hloov dua siab tshiab rau hauv 8 ua threads. Nws yog qhov no nuance thiab muab ib tug zoo kawg li theem ntawm kev ua tau zoo, uas muaj peev xwm khav ntawm tej processor Intel ntxhais i7. Tus nqi ntawm cov chips tsim nyog.

CPU socket

Tiam processors Intel Core yog ntsia tau rau hauv ntau lub qhov hom. Yog li ntawd, tsim kom muaj cov thawj chips rau lub architecture ntawm lub motherboard mus rau lub CPU 6 th tiam yuav tsis ua hauj lwm. Los yog, on qhov tsis tooj, lub nti, code-npe hu ua "SkayLayk" tsis tau lub cev tau mus rau muab tso rau hauv lub system board rau ib tug 1 los yog 2 tiam processors. Tus thawj CPU socket hu ua "nplos H" los yog LGA 1156 (1156 - ib tug xov tooj ntawm neeg). Nws twb tso tawm nyob rau hauv 2009 rau lub thawj CPU, manufactured raws li cov qauv ntawm kev txais neeg kawm 45 nm (2008) thiab 32 nm (2009), raws li nyob rau hauv no architecture. Niaj hnub no nws yog outdated ob ruaj thiab lub cev. Nyob rau hauv 2010, LGA 1156 LGA 1155 hloov los, los yog "Ntsawb H1". Motherboards nyob rau hauv no series chips txhawb lub "tub ntxhais" ntawm lub 2 thiab 3 tiam. Lub code npe yog, ntsig txog, lub "Sandi Bridzh" thiab "Ivy choj". 2013 pom qhov kev tso tawm ntawm peb lub qhov rau daim raws li nyob rau hauv lub architecture ntawm "Cor" - "qhov LGA 1150" los yog "Ntsawb H2". Nyob rau hauv lub CPU socket yuav muab ntsia tau rau CPU yog twb 4 thiab 5 tiam. Tab sis nyob rau hauv lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj 2015 los hloov LGA 1150 tuaj hnub kawg socket - LGA 1151.

Tus thawj tiam ntawm tej daim

Qhov tseem muaj processor cov ntawm no lub platform yog "Tseleron G1101» (2,27 GHz), "pentium G6950» (2,8 GHz) thiab "pentium G6990» (2,9 GHz). Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj tsuas 2 cores. Niche midrange nyob "Cor Ay3" los 5XX (2 cores / 4 zajlus kom tau cov lus txaus). Ib tug nqis siab tshaj cov tau "Cor Ay5" nrog 6XX daim ntawv lo (lawv yeej zoo tib yam tsis "Cor Ay3", tab sis frequencies saum toj no) thiab 7xx nrog 4 tiag tiag cores. Cov feem ntau tsim computer systems sau ua ke rau lub hauv paus ntawm "Cor Ay7". Lawv ua qauv tau xaiv 8xx. Qhov tseem high-ceev nti nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no twb cim 875K. Vim lub xauv d yuav overclock no processor Intel ntxhais i7. Tus nqi tau coj. Raws li, nws yog ua tau kom tau ib tug impressive nce nyob rau hauv ceev. Los ntawm txoj kev, lub xub ntiag ntawm "K" prefix nyob rau hauv txoj kev xaiv tus CPU qauv meant hais tias cov d yog xauv, thiab cov qauv no yuav overclock. Zoo, «S» prefix ntxiv nyob rau hauv lub los ntawm lub zog-npaum chips.

Tu pob architecture "Sandi Bridzh"

Los hloov tus thawj tiam ntawm tej daim raws li nyob rau hauv lub architecture ntawm lub "tub ntxhais" nyob rau hauv 2010 tuaj rau kev daws teeb meem, codenamed "Sandi Bridzh." Ntsiab "chips" tau kis lawv sab qaum teb choj thiab kev graphics tsuj roj processor silicon siv lead ua pob zeb ntais. Niche nyob feem ntau nyiaj txiag kev txiav txim siab "Tselerony" series G4XX thiab G5XX. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub uas nws tau txiav cache peb theem thiab muaj tsuas yog ib tug nucleus. Qhov thib ob series, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav khav lub xub ntiag ntawm ob laij units. Tseem ib tug nqis siab tshaj cov nyob ruaj "Pentiums» G6XX thiab G8XX qauv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, qhov txawv nyob rau hauv kev kawm tau muab ntau dua frequencies. Nws G8XX qhov no tseem ceeb kev ua tau zoo mag preferable nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag ntawm tus neeg siv kawg. Kav "Cor Ay3" twb hais ua qauv 21HH (namely tus tus nab npawj "2" thiab qhia tau hais tias lub nti belongs rau lub thib ob tiam architecture "Cor"). Ib txhia ntawm lawv ntxiv mus rau thaum xaus ntawm lub Performance index "T" - ntau zog-npaum dlaws nrog txo kev kawm.

kev daws teeb meem "Cor Ay5" Nyob rau hauv lem, muaj lub cim 23HH, 24HH thiab 25HH. Lub siab dua lub npav txawv, qhov ntau dua theem ntawm CPU kev kawm. Qhov Performance index "T" nyob rau hauv kawg - qhov no yog qhov tshaj zog-npaum cov tshuaj. Yog hais tias ntxiv no nyob rau hauv lub kawg ntawm tsab ntawv «S» - ib nrab kev xaiv ntawm lub hwj chim tau ntawm lub "T" - nti version thiab kev siv lead ua. Cov tsab ntawv "P" - lub nti yog xiam oob qhab graphics tsuj roj. Zoo, tus chips nrog tsab ntawv "K" muaj xauv d. Qhov no npav yog ib yam tseem rau peb tiam no architecture.

Lub rov tshwm sim ntawm tshiab, ntau tshaj dab

Nyob rau hauv 2013, lub ntiaj teb no pom twb peb tiam ntawm CPUs raws li nyob rau hauv no architecture. Nws tseem ceeb innovation - ib tug txheej txheem tshiab technology. Rau tus so, nws twb tau nkag mus rau hauv lawv tej teeb meem loj nrhav. Lub cev, lawv yuav tau tshaj yav dhau los tiam CPUs thiab lawv yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv tib lub motherboards. Tus qauv ntawm lub designations tseem yuav nyob zoo tib yam. "Tselerony" tau xaiv G12XX, thiab "Pentiums» - G22XX. Tsuas yog thaum pib es tsis txhob "2" twb "3", uas qhia cov hauj lwm mus rau lub koob thib 3 tiam. Kav "Cor Ay3" muaj 32HH indexes. Ntau advanced "Cor Ay5" yog hais txog 33HH, 34HH thiab 35HH. Zoo flagship kev daws teeb meem "Cor Ay7" tau cim 37HH.

Qhov thib plaub kho dua ntawm lub architecture "Cor"

Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog 4 tiam ntawm Intel processors raws li nyob rau hauv lub architecture ntawm lub "tub ntxhais". nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub labeling yog raws li nram no:

• CPU kev khwv nyiaj txiag "Tselerony" yog hais txog G18XX.

• "Pentiums" muaj tib indexes thiab G32XX G34XX.

• Rau "Cor Ay3" tau muab tej designations - 41HH thiab 43HH.

• "Cor Ay5" yuav tau paub los ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv 44HH, 45HH thiab 46HH.

• Yog li ntawd rau xa mus rau "Cor Ay7" tau pom tias 47HH.

Lub tsib-tiam chips

5 tiam ntawm Intel processors raws li nyob rau hauv no architecture nws yog mas tsom ntsoov rau qhov kev siv ntawm mobile pab kiag li lawm. tsuas chips kab "Nyab 5" thiab "Ai 7" raug tso tawm rau lub desktop PC. Thiab tsuas yog ib heev tsawg tus naj npawb ntawm cov qauv. Cov Thawj zaug ntawm lawv raug xaiv 56HH, thiab lub thib ob - 57HH.

Qhov tseem tsis ntev los no thiab ntev-lub sij hawm daws teeb meem

6 tiam ntawm Intel processors debuted nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov caij nplooj zeeg 2015. Qhov no yog lub feem ntau tam sim no processor architecture rau hnub tim. Tej daim yog xaiv nkag theem, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no G39XX ( «Tseleron»), G44XX thiab G45XX (sau tias raws li "Pentiums"). Processors "Cor Ay3" muaj 61hh los thiab 63HH. Nyob rau hauv lem, tus "Cor Ay5" - yog 64HH, 65HH thiab 66HH. Zoo, tsuas npav 67HH faib rau los ntawm flagship kev daws teeb meem. Lub cim tshiab ntawm Intel processors nyob mus tab sis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv thaum pib ntawm lawv lub neej voj voog, thiab cov chips yuav yuav yam txawm rau heev ib tug ntev lub sij hawm.

acceleration nta

Zoo tag nrho cov chips raws li nyob rau hauv no architecture tau xauv multipliers. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no acceleration yog tau tsuas yog los ntawm nce lub zaus ntawm lub system tsheb npav. Nyob rau hauv lub caij nyoog kawg no, lub 6 tiam, txawm tau ua tus ceev yuav tsum tau neeg xiam nyob rau hauv lub BIOS rau motherboard manufacturers. Tsuas yog ib tug nyob rau hauv no hais txog yog lub processors series "Cor Ay5" thiab "Cor Ay7" Performance index "K". Lawv tau d thiab nws yuav ho ua rau kom qhov kev kawm ntawm computer systems nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus semiconductor khoom.

lub tswv yim tswv

Tag nrho cov uas tau teev tseg nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas tiam ntawm Intel processors muaj ib tug high degree ntawm lub zog efficiency thiab cov zoo kawg li theem ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Lawv tsuas yog drawback - lub siab nqi. Tab sis yog vim li cas rau qhov no yog lus dag nyob rau hauv lub fact tias ib tug tib neeg competitor "Intel" nyob rau hauv lub ntsej muag ntawm "AMD" yuav tsis tawmtsam nws ntau dua los yog tsawg txojkev daws teeb meem. Yog li ntawd, lub "Intel" yog twb raws li lawv tus kheej xav txog kev teem thiab teev ib tug nqi lossis rau lawv cov khoom.

tau

Qhov tsab xov xwm ntxaws lub cim ntawm Intel processors rau desktop PCs xwb. Txawm daim ntawv no yog txaus rau tau poob nyob rau hauv lub notations thiab lub npe. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tseem muaj kev xaiv rau computer enthusiasts (2011 platform) thiab ib tug ntau yam ntawm mobile nyob. Tag nrho cov no yog ua li cas rau cov neeg siv kawg yuav xaiv tus feem ntau pom kev daws rau lawv tej teeb meem. Tab sis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tam sim no xam tau tias yog variants ntawm lub chips yog lub 6 tiam. Qhov ntawd yog nyob rau lawv thiab xav tau them sai sai thaum yuav los assembling ib tug tshiab PC.