Kev Kawm Ntawv:Keeb kwm

Thawj rulers ntawm Russia. Rulers ntawm ancient Russia: chronology thiab achievements

Nyob rau hauv lub vastness ntawm lub East European Tiaj Slavs nyob ntawm lub sij hawm immemorial, peb ncaj qha pog koob yawg koob. Tseem tsis paub tias thaum twg lawv tuaj muaj. Txawm nws yog, tiam sis lawv tsis ntev tsawm lug thoob plaws hauv lub zoo waterway ntawm cov xyoo. Slavic zos thiab lub zos sawv los ntawm lub Baltic cov neeg Dub hiav txwv. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias lawv twb ib haiv neeg-pawg neeg, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lub tiaj kev sib raug zoo nruab nrab ntawm lawv twb tsis tau.

Lub qhov infighting sai sai tej pab pawg neeg princes uas tsis ntev los ua zoo, thiab tau pib kav tag nrho lub Kievan Rus. Nws yog tus thawj kav Russia, nws lub npe tau tuaj rau peb los ntawm ib qho kev txom series ntawm centuries uas tau dhau mus lawm txij thaum ntawd los.

Riurik (862-879)

Hais txog qhov kev muaj tiag ntawm no cov keeb kwm daim duab tseem yog raging sib cav tswv yim ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb. Seb puas muaj yog xws li ib tug neeg, los yog ib tug collective cim, inspired los ntawm cov tag nrho cov ntawm cov thawj rulers ntawm Russia. Seb nws yog tus qhua, seb puas Slav. Los ntawm txoj kev, peb yuav luag tsis paub txog leej twg yog tus rulers ntawm Russia ua ntej Rurik, yog li ntawd txhua yam yog raws li thiaj tau tuaj nyob rau hauv kev xav nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem no.

Slavic keeb kwm yog heev tej zaum yuav, vim nws yuav Rurik npe menyuam yaus txhais ua Norman lub suab hais lus xa mus rau raws li "Rurik" lub npe menyuam yaus rau lub Liaj, uas lub qub Slavonic lus. Txawm nws yog, tiam sis hais tias nws yog suav hais tias yog tus tsim ntawm tag nrho cov Laus Lavxias teb sab xeev. Rurik bedinil (raws li nws yog nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tau), ntau Slavic pab pawg neeg nyob rau hauv nws caj npab.

Txawm li cas los, nyob rau hauv no ua lag ua luam, uas ua tau zoo, suab tag nrho cov rulers ntawm Russia. Nws yog ua tsaug rau lawv cov dag zog, peb lub teb chaws niaj hnub no yog xws li ib qho tseem ceeb rau txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no daim ntawv qhia.

Oleg (879-912)

Muaj Rurik tus tub Igor, tab sis nws yog hluas heev thaum lub sij hawm ntawm nws txiv tuag, tab sis vim hais tias cov neeg pej xeem Duke los ua nws pab qhia, Oleg. Nws qhuas nws lub npe thiab militancy ntawm cov hmoov uas nws twb nrog rau cov tub rog txoj kev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog zoo kawg li nws phiaj los nqis tes tiv thaiv tsis tau Constantinople, uas qhib lub Slavs zoo kawg zeem muag los ntawm qho trade txuj nrog deb sab hnub tuaj lub teb chaws. Nws contemporaries hwm nws yog li ntawd hu ua "yaj saub Oleg".

Ntawm cov hoob kawm, tus thawj kav Russia twb legendary nuj nqis kom lawv tiag tiag exploits peb yuav tsis paub tseeb tab sis Oleg yeej yog ib tug zoo heev cwm pwm.

Igor (912-945)

Igor, tus tub ntawm Rurik, piv txwv li Oleg kuj pheej mus rau hikes, txuas ib tug ntau ntawm cov av, tab sis nws tsis yog raws li kev vam meej warrior, thiab nws phiaj los nqis tes tiv thaiv tsis tau tim Nkij teb chaws thiab tag nrho yog disappointing. Nws yog nyuaj, feem ntau "stripped" lub yeej pab pawg neeg mus rau lub xeem, rau cov uas nws tom qab them. Igor ceeb toom tias drevlyans nws tsis yog ib qho yooj yim, kom koj noj polyude zoo tub cheev xwm. Nws tsis mloog thiab raug tua. Nyob rau hauv kev, hais txog ib zaug hais rau lub TV series "Lub rulers ntawm Russia."

Olga (945-957)

Txawm li cas los, drevlyans sai khuv xim nws ua. Igor tus poj niam Olga, thawj dealt nrog ob ntawm lawv conciliatory embassies, thiab ces hlawv lub nroog loj Drevlyane, Korosten. Contemporaries ua tim khawv hais tias nws yog ib tug zoo kawg li siab thiab willed nruj. Thaum lub sij hawm nws reign, nws tsis poob ib zaug xwb nti ntawm thaj av uas twb kov yeej los ntawm tus txiv thiab nws pog koob yawg koob. Nws yog lub npe hu hais tias tau txais cov ntseeg Vajtswv nyob rau hauv nws xyoo tom ntej.

Svjatoslav (957-972)

Svyatoslav mus rau nws txwv zeej txwv koob, Oleg. Tsis tas li ntawd differed ua siab loj, kev txiav txim siab, directness. Yog ib tug zoo tub rog, tamed thiab kov yeej ntau pab pawg neeg ntawm cov Slavs, feem ntau yeej Pechenegs, rau cov uas nws ntxub. Ib yam li lwm rulers ntawm Russia, nyiam (yog tias ua tau) mus sib "amicably." Yog hais tias cov pab pawg neeg tau pom zoo rau lees paub lub supremacy ntawm Kiev thiab tribute them tawm, txawm lub rulers tseem yuav nyob li qub.

Txuas mus txog rau thaum undefeated Vyatichi (uas nyiam mus tua nyob rau hauv lawv cov impenetrable forests), nws tsoo cov Khazars, thiab ces coj Tmutarakan. Dua li ntawm qhov me me luaj li cas ntawm nws cov tub cheev xwm ntse tiv thaiv nrog lub Bulgarians nyob rau Danube. Nws tau kov yeej Adrianople, thiab raug teeb meem coj Constantinople. Greeks xav kom them tau nplua nuj tribute. Nyob rau txoj kev rov qab, nws twb tua nrog ib pab neeg nyob rau hauv lub Dnieper rapids, raug tua los ntawm tib lub Pechenegs. Nws yog assumed tias cov swords thiab cov remnants ntawm cov khoom nws yog nws cov tub cheev xwm pom thaum lub sij hawm tsim kho ntawm lub Dnieper.

General cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub 1 xyoo pua

Txij thaum ntawd los, ob qho tib si rau lub zwm txwv kav thawj rulers ntawm Russia, lub era ntawm qhov unrest thiab strife maj pib tuaj mus rau qhov kawg. Tom qab ntawd tuaj tus kwv tij txiav txim: princely retinue defended tus ciam teb los ntawm cov brazen thiab tsiv tsaim nomadic pab pawg neeg, thiab lawv, nyob rau hauv lem, qhaib los pab cov Warriors, thiab them tribute rau tus kheej sau los ntawm khoom plig. Lub ntsiab kev txhawj xeeb ntawm cov neeg princes twb Khazars: thaum uas lub sij hawm lawv them tribute (tsis tu ncua, lub tom ntej no lub sij hawm lub tua), ntau Slavic pab pawg neeg, uas zoo heev undermined txoj cai ntawm lub hauv paus tseem fwv.

Ib qho teeb meem yog cov tsis muaj kev ntseeg. Nyob rau Slavs, uas kov yeej Constantinople, kev yuam cai, raws li nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm twb koom ntsia monotheism (Judaism, cov ntseeg Vajtswv), thiab Lwm Haiv Neeg yog tej zaum cov tsiaj. Tab sis cov pab pawg neeg nquag tsis kam ua tag nrho cov me nyuam no yuav cuam tshuam nrog rau lawv cov kev ntseeg. Qhov no narrate "Lub rulers ntawm Russia" - zaj duab xis yog heev muaj tseeb rau cov kev muaj tiag ntawm lub era.

Qhov no muaj txhawb rau kev nce rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov me me nyuaj siab ntxhov plawv nyob rau hauv cov tub ntxhais lub xeev. Tab sis Olga, uas hloov dua siab tshiab rau cov ntseeg Vajtswv thiab pib los txhawb thiab pom zoo cia siv rau ntawm Christian churches nyob rau hauv Kiev, cov leem txoj kev rau kev cai raus dej ntawm lub teb chaws. Pib ntawm lub thib ob xyoo pua nyob rau hauv uas lub rulers ntawm ancient Russia tau tsim ib tug ntau ntawm tej yam uas zoo.

St. Vladimir. STS (980-1015)

Raws li peb paub, nruab nrab ntawm Yaropolk, Oleg thiab Vladimir, uas yog qub txeeg qub teg Svyatoslav, kuv yeej tsis tau hlub kwv tij. Nws tsis pab hais tias nws txiv thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej txhais rau lawv txhua txhua tus lawv cov av. Lub upshot yog tias rhuav tshem cov kwv tij Vladimir thiab pib kav rau ib leeg.

Qhov no None, kav ancient Russia, nyiag liab Rus regiments, thiab ntau tiv thaiv bravely tiv thaiv cov Pechenegs thiab lub Bulgarians. Nws los ua nto moo raws li ib tug lub siab dawb siab kav uas spared tsis muaj kub los muab khoom pub rau cov neeg loyal rau nws. Ua ntej, nws nqa yuav luag tag nrho cov Christian churches thiab lub koom txoos, uas tau ua nyob rau ntawm nws niam, thiab tus ob peb Christian zej zog raug kev txom nyem qhov kev tsim txom los ntawm nws.

Tab sis cov nom tswv qhov teeb meem no yog xws li tias lub teb chaws yuav tsum tau mus ua rau monotheism. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, contemporaries hais txog lub zog lawm uas tsoo tawm ntawm tus tub huabtais mus rau lub Byzantine ntxhais fuabtais Anna. Ib tug pagan nws tsis muaj ib tug yuav muab. Yog li ntawd, rulers ntawm ancient Russia pom zoo rau qhov yuav tsum tau rau kev cai raus dej.

Uas yog vim li cas twb nyob rau hauv lub xyoo 988 coj qhov chaw ua kev cai raus tus tub huabtais thiab tag nrho nws cov entourage, thiab ces tus ntseeg tshiab pib kis ntawm cov neeg. Basil thiab Constantine, huab tais ntawm Byzantium, muab Anna los ntawm tub huabtais Vladimir. Hais txog Vladimir contemporaries hais raws li ib tug nruj, nyuaj (tej zaum txawm phem) tus neeg, tab sis hlub nws rau nws lub siab dawb paug, ntseeg thiab kev ncaj ncees. Lub tsev teev ntuj tseem qhuas tus tub huabtais lub npe, rau qhov yog vim li cas hais tias nws pib massively tsim lub teb chaws tus tuam tsev thiab lub koom txoos. Nws yog tus thawj kav Russia, ua kevcai raus dej.

Sviatopolk (1015-1019)

Zoo li nws txiv, Vladimir thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej nws faib av rau nws heev heev tub: Svyatopolk, Izyaslav, Jaroslaw, Mstislav, Svyatoslav, Boris thiab Gleb. Tom qab leej txiv tuag, Sviatopolk txiav txim siab los kav ib leeg, uas kom qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm lawv tus kheej cov kwv tij, tab sis tau raug tshem tawm los ntawm Kiev los ntawm Yaroslav ntawm Novgorod.

Nrog kev pab los ntawm lub Polish King Boleslaw lub siab tawv, nws muaj peev xwm yuav kav tau cov theem nrab Kiev, tab sis cov neeg coj nws txias. Tsis ntev, nws twb yuam kom khiav tawm hauv lub nroog, thiab ces tuag rau txoj kev. Nws txoj kev tuag - ib tug maub zaj dabneeg. Nws yog assumed hais tias nws coj nws tus kheej lub neej. Nyob rau hauv lub pej xeem kev lig kev cai nicknamed "foom phem."

Yaroslav Mudry (1019-1054)

Jaroslav sai sai los ua ib tug neeg sab nraud uas kav Kievan Rus. Notable rau ib tug zoo siab, tau ua ib tug ntau rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub xeev. Ua ntau monasteries, contributed rau qhov nthuav ntawm kev sau ntawv. Nws authorship belongs rau lub "Lavxias teb sab tseeb", cov thawj nom sau los ntawm kev cai lij choj thiab pw nyob rau hauv peb lub teb chaws. Zoo li nws pog koob yawg koob, tam sim ntawd muab cov tub ntawm lub teb chaws thaj av, tab sis loj rau txim "nyob rau hauv kev sib haum xeeb, lub wiles ntawm txhua lwm yam tsis txhim kho."

Izjaslav (1054-1078)

Izyaslav yog tus hlob tus tub ntawm Yaroslav. Chiv cov kev cai Kiev, txawv nws tus kheej raws li ib tug zoo kav, tab sis cov neeg paub yuav ua li cas kom tau raws ib yam nkaus thiab zoo. Xeem thiab ua si ib lub luag hauj lwm. Thaum nws mus rau Polovtsy thiab raug kev txom nyem ib setback nyob rau hauv lub phiaj los nqis tes, cov neeg ntawm Kiev nws yog tsuas muab pov tseg tawm, hu xov tooj rau lub reign ntawm nws tus tij laug, Svyatoslav. Tom qab nws tuag, Izyaslav rov qab mus rau lub capital nroog.

Yeej, nws yog ib tug zoo heev kav, tab sis nws qhia poob zoo nkauj zog lub sij hawm. Zoo li tag nrho cov thaum ntxov rulers ntawm Kievan Rus, nws yuav tsum tau daws tau ib tug ntau ntawm lus nug uas nyuaj.

General cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub 2nd xyoo pua

Nyob rau hauv lub centuries los ntawm cov zog ntawm Guj kuj sawv tawm ob peb yuav luag ywj siab principalities: Kiev (cov haib tshaj), Chernigov, Rostov-Suzdal (Vladimir-Suzdal tom qab), Galicia-Volyn. Ntawm nws tus kheej sawv Novgorod. TSAV vechem cov piv txwv ntawm cov Greek polis, nws feem ntau ntsia raws li qhov princes, tsis zoo.

Dua li no fragmentation, thawm xyoo Russia yog tseem xam tau tias yog mus yuav ib tug neeg sab nraud lub xeev. Jaroslaw twb tau mus thawb nws ib thaj tsam kom txog thaum lub Ros dej (ib tug tributary ntawm lub Dnieper). Nyob rau hauv Vladimir lub teb chaws rau cov ntseeg Vajtswv, loj hlob tus ntawm Byzantium rau nws internal affairs.

Yog li ntawd, ntawm lub taub hau ntawm lub tshiab tsim Tsam Koom Txoos, ceeb toom txog ncaj qha mus rau Constantinople. Tus tshiab txoj kev ntseeg coj nrog nws tsis yog ib tug ntseeg tab sis kuj yog ib tug tshiab ntawv, kev cai tshiab. Princes nyob rau ntawm lub sij hawm ua nyob rau hauv kev hais kwv txhiaj nrog lub tsev teev ntuj, ua ntau yam tshiab lub koom txoos, kom txhawb tau txoj kev kawm ntawv ntawm nws cov neeg. Nws yog thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm no nws nyob rau hauv lub npe nrov Nestor, leej twg yog tus sau ntawm heev heev sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub sij hawm.

Tu siab, nws tsis yog li ntawd tus. Nyob Mus Ib Txhis teeb meem twb raws li qhov raids ntawm nomads, thiab nrog strife, lossi torn lub teb chaws, deprived ntawm nws lub hwj chim. Raws li qhia Nestor, sau ntawm "Nej" los ntawm lawv, "moans lub Lavxias teb sab teb chaws." Pib qhia kev kawm ntawv cov tswv yim ntawm lub Koom Txoos, tiam sis nws yog phem uas cov neeg txais cov ntseeg tshiab xwb.

Yog li pib lub peb caug xyoo.

Vsevolod kuv (1078-1093)

Vsevolod thawj yuav zoo mus cia nyob rau hauv keeb kwm raws li ib tug qauv kav. Nws yog tseeb, tsis ncaj ncees, pab mus rau cov tsim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm sau ntawv, nws paub tsib lus. Tab sis nws tsis muaj ib tug tsim tub rog thiab kev nom kev tswv txuj ci. Qhov raids Polovtsy, mob kis, ntuj qhuav heev, thiab kev tshaib kev nqhis yuav tsis tau pab mus rau nws txoj cai. Tsuas yog nws tus tub Vladimir, tom qab nicknamed Monomakh, thiab nyob rau lub zwm txwv ntawm nws txiv (ib tug tshwj xeeb cov ntaub ntawv cov lwm yam).

Sviatopolk II (1093-1113)

Yog tus tub ntawm Izyaslav, differed ib tug zoo cim, tab sis nws yog tsis tshua muaj zog-willed nyob rau hauv ib co chaw, ua tej princes tsis xam tau tias yog rau tus neeg pej xeem nrog Duke. Txawm li cas los, nws kav zoo heev: Mloog rau lub tswv yim ntawm tib Vladimir Monomakh, nyob rau Dolobskom Congress nyob rau hauv 1103 nws ntxias kom nws tw mus coj ib tug ob leeg phiaj los nqis tes tiv thaiv tsis tau cov "txim" Polovtsian, thiab ces nyob rau hauv 1111 lawv twb routed.

Tub rog ntau lawm yog enormous. Grand Dukes ntawm Polotsk ze li ntawm ob lub kaum os raug tua nyob rau hauv uas sib ntaus sib tua. Qhov no yeej nrov nrov kis thoob plaws hauv lub Slavic pawg neeg thaj av nyob rau hauv ob lub East thiab sab hnub poob.

Vladimir Monomakh (1113-1125)

Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tus laus tshaj twb tsis yog nws yuav tsum coj lub zwm txwv ntawm Kiev, Vladimir tau raug xaiv los mus rau ib tug unanimous kev txiav txim siab. Qhov no txoj kev hlub yog vim ib tug tsis tshua nom tswv thiab cov tub rog txuj ci ntawm tub huabtais. Notable siab, kev nom kev tswv thiab cov tub rog kev ua siab loj, yog heev siab tawv nyob rau hauv cov tub rog ua lag ua luam.

Txhua phiaj los nqis tes tiv thaiv tsis tau Polovtsian xam tau tias yog hnub caiv (Cumans nws views tsis qhia). Yog tias thaum Monomakh overly zealous nyob rau hauv cov teeb meem ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm cov thawj yog nruj zog. Nplooj xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv "Cov lus qhia rau cov me nyuam", uas hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ncaj ncees thiab qia dub los pab cov motherland.

Mstyslav kuv (1125-1132)

Ua raws li cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm nws tus txiv, nws nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no nrog nws cov kwv tij thiab lwm yam princes, tab sis raged ntawm ib tug hint ntawm kev ntxeev siab thiab lub pursuit ntawm civil strife. Yog li ntawd, princes Polovtsian nws chim heev dhau lawm txo nws hwj nws tawm ntawm lub teb chaws, tom qab uas lawv yuam kom khiav tawm los ntawm tus uas kav lub discontent nyob rau hauv Byzantium. Nyob rau hauv Feem ntau, muaj ntau yam ntawm lub rulers ntawm Kievan Rus sim vimchij tua lawv tus yeeb ncuab.

Jaropolk (1132-1139)

Nws yog lub npe hu rau nws keej nom tswv intrigues, uas nws thiaj li muab phem nyob rau hauv relation mus rau lub "Monomakh". Thaum kawg ntawm nws lub reign, nws txiav txim siab kom dhau lub zwm txwv mus rau nws tus tij laug tsis ua li, thiab nws lawm tub. Nws yuav luag tsis tau mus txog lub unrest, tab sis lub rooj huas tias yog tseem rov qab xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Oleg Sviatoslavovych, "O.". Tsis ntev, txawm li cas los.

Vsevolod II (1139-1146)

Vsevolod differed zoo heev xav kav, kav ntse ntsuav thiab khov kho. Tab sis nws xav kom dhau lub rooj huas tias Igoryu Olegovichu, securing lub "O.". Tab sis cov neeg ntawm Kiev tsis paub Igor, nws twb yuam kom noj monastic vows, thiab ces kiag li raug tua.

Izjaslav II (1146-1154)

Tab sis cov neeg nyob rau Kiev twb zoo siab nrog tus Izyaslav II Mstislavovich hais tias nws ci ntsa iab kev nom kev tswv kev txawj ntse, martial kev ua siab loj thiab siab vividly nco txog nws ntawm nws yawg, Monomakh. Nws yog nws leej twg nkag tau rau hauv seem txij li thaum lub unquestioned txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo: yog hais tias koj nyob rau hauv ib tug princely tus txiv ntxawm li ntawd, cov tub tau nws lub zwm txwv tsis tau.

Kuv yog nyob rau hauv ib tug txaus ntshai sib ceg nrog Yuri Vladimirovich, Tub Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Rostov-Suzdal. Nws lub npe yuav tsis hais dab tsi ntau, tab sis tom qab Yuri Dolgoruky prozovut. Izyaslav ob zaug yuav tsum tau khiav los ntawm Kiev, tab sis ua ntej nws tuag nws yeej tsis tau muab lub zwm txwv.

Yuri Dolgorukiy (1154-1157)

Yuri thaum kawg gains nkag tau mus rau lub zwm txwv ntawm Kiev. Thaum nyob rau nws rau tsuas yog peb xyoos, nws tau tiav ntau: yuav pacify (los yog rau txim rau) princes, contributed sib sau ua ke rau hauv lub tawg lawm pawg neeg thaj av nyob rau hauv lub muaj zog lub hwj chim. Tiam sis tag nrho nws ua hauj lwm yog pointless, txij li thaum Dolgoruky bickering ntawm cov thawj tom qab kev tuag Dentistry nrog tshiaj vigor.

Mstyslav II (1157-1169)

Nws yog puas thiab quarrels coj mus rau lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lub reign ntawm Mstislav II Izyaslavovich. Nws yog ib tug vajntxwv uas kav, tab sis differed tsis zoo heev nyiam thiab yeeb ncuab Knyazhye strife ( "faib thiab txoj cai"). Nws expels los ntawm Kiev Andrei Yurevich, tus tub ntawm Dolgoruky. Nws yog lub npe hu nyob rau hauv keeb kwm nyob rau hauv lub npe menyuam yaus Bogolyubsky.

Nyob rau hauv 1169, Andrew twb tsis yog tas rau lub ntiab tawm ntawm qhov phem tshaj yeeb ncuab ntawm nws tus txiv, ib txhij hlawv lub Kiev av. Yog li ntawd nws coj kua zaub ntsuab nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, thiab cov neeg ntawm Kiev, uas muaj los ntawm ces mas yuav kis tau tus cwj pwm ntawm princes rau ntiab tawm thaum twg los tau lub sij hawm, hu rau rau nws Duchy ntawm tus neeg twg uas yuav cog lus tias lawv ib tug "cov mov thiab cov circuses".

Andrew Bogolyubskii (1169-1174)

Sai li sai tau raws li Andrew coj tshaj lub hwj chim, nws tam sim ntawd tsiv lub capital rau nws nyiam lub nroog, Vladimir nyob rau Klyazma. Txij thaum ntawd los, lub hom hauj lwm ntawm Kiev tam sim ntawd pib tsis muaj zog. Qhov kawg ntawm lub neej tau ua hnyav thiab overbearing, Bogolyubskii yuav tsis kam txais lub tyranny ntawm ntau ntawm cov boyars, xav mus nrhiav kom tau autocratic lub hwj chim. Muaj coob tus neeg tsis nyiam nws, tab sis vim hais tias Andrew raug tua nyob rau hauv ib tug kev koom tes.

Yog li puas tau tus thawj kav Russia? Lub rooj muab ib tug general lo lus teb rau lo lus nug no.

lub sij hawm

feature

thawj ib puas xyoo

Creation ntawm ib tsab ntawm ib tug muaj zog thiab unified lub xeev, tus tiv thaiv ntawm nws ciam teb rau lwm los ntawm cov yeeb ncuab. Cov me nyuam los tu ntawm cov ntseeg Vajtswv raws li ib qho tseem ceeb kev nom kev tswv thiab kev sib raug zoo kauj ruam

thib ob xyoo pua

Ntxiv expansion ntawm lub chaw uas zoo heev ntawm Russia, lub confrontation nrog cov me nyuam mus rau "separatism"

peb xyoo pua

Ntxiv increment ntawm tshiab pawg neeg thaj av, pacification ntawm lub discontented princes, los tsim preconditions rau cov autocracy

Nyob rau hauv hauv paus ntsiab lus, tib yam li ua tag nrho cov rulers ntawm Russia los ntawm Rurik rau Putin. Rooj tsis zoo li xeem dhau tag nrho cov kev nyuaj siab uas peb cov neeg raug kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv lub nyuaj txoj kev ua hauv lub xeev.

Similar articles

 

 

 

 

Trending Now

 

 

 

 

Newest

Copyright © 2018 hmn.birmiss.com. Theme powered by WordPress.