Technology kawm nyob rau hauv pedagogy

Cov kev xav ntawm "kev kawm technology" nyob rau hauv lub pedagogy nyob rau hauv lub 50-ies ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Chiv, "pedagogical technology" yog hais txog txoj kev kawm thiab lub tshuab yog ib txoj kev kawm los ntawm ib tug ntau yam ntawm txhais tau tias. Uas yog vim li cas cov kws txawj tseem ceeb tam sim no theem nyob rau hauv cov kev kawm technology, uas implies ib tug ua haujlwm los ntawm cov tshuaj xov xwm (TV, xov tooj cua) rau hauv lub thiaj li hu ua tshiab technologies. Tshiab kawm technology kev kawm - nws yog ib tug computer, micro-hluav taws xob thiab laser pab kiag li lawm, computerized system ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cia, kev sib txuas lus raws , thiab lwm yam

NWS kawm nyob rau hauv pedagogy - ib tug txheej ntawm txoj kev, cov ntaub ntawv, kev kawm ntawv cov cuab yeej thiab txoj kev qhia ntawv, uas yog systematically siv nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv. Qhov no yog ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txoj kev uas yuav cuam tshuam txoj kev kawm thiab kev kawm kev loj hlob. Nyob rau lwm cov tes kawm technologies nyob rau hauv kev qhia ntawv yog ib tug tag nrho science txog txoj kev nyob rau hauv uas tus kws qhia ntawv siv los cuam tshuam tus menyuam kawm ntawv los ntawm txoj kev kev los yog cov xwm txheej kev pab. Txhua tus kws qhia ntawv yuav muab suav hais tias raws li tus creator ntawm lub tshuab, cia no creation thiab yuav borrowings. Rau cov xib fwb uas tau kawm los hais nrog technology, tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev ntawm lub ntsiab txheej txheem yuav coj txoj kev kawm.

Ib suam ntawm kev kawm technology

Xyuas pedagogical ntaub ntawv, peb yuav pom tau tias kev kawm technologies nyob rau hauv kev qhia ntawv yog txwv kom muab zais txawv. Cov nram qab no yuav tsum nqa tawm ntawm txoj kev faib G.K.Selevko, uas yog zoo tshaj plaws lub npe hu nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv kev kawm.

· Nyob ntawm seb nyob rau theem ntawm cais technologies xws li obshchepedagogicheskoj, chastnometodicheskie thiab lub zos.

· Raws li cov philosophical hauv paus yog li nram qab no technologies: dialectical thiab metaphysical, idealist thiab materialist, kev cai dab qhuas thiab scientific, theosophy thiab anthroposophy, pragmatic thiab existentialist, antihuman humanist thiab, quab yuam, thiab free kev kawm ntawv.

· Nyob rau hauv lub ntsiab zoo tshaj ntawm kev puas hlwb txoj kev loj hlob: psychogenic, sociogenic, biogenic, idialistskie.

· By hom phiaj nyob rau hauv tus qauv - tus kheej-technology, ntaub ntawv technology, kev xav thiab tswv yim zoo, lub siab lub ntsws thiab kev ncaj ncees, heuristic thiab tau txais daim ntawv.

· Raws li qhov xwm ntawm tus qauv thiab cov ntsiab lus - raising thiab kev kawm ntawv, kev cai dab qhuas thiab secular, technocratic thiab humanitarian, qhia ntawv thiab ces, otroslevye, chastnopredmetnye thiab monotehnologii.

· Raws li lub hom ntawm kev tswj thiab lub koom haum ntawm kev txawj ntse kev ua si - ib tug classic qhuab qhia kev kawm, kev kawm nrog audio-visual kev cov khoom, kev kawm nrog rau kev pab los ntawm kev kawm cov phau ntawv, software kev kawm, raws li tau zoo raws li "me me pab pawg" system, "kws pab tswv yim", "pab qhia".

Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg hais tias ib qho tseem ceeb nam ntawm kev kawm technology yog tus piv ntawm cov neeg laus rau tus me nyuam, raws li tau zoo raws li ib tug qhov chaw (txoj hauj lwm) uas tus me nyuam nyob rau hauv kev kawm ntawv. Raws li nyob rau hauv no, muaj cov nram qab no txoj kev kawm nyob rau hauv technologies qhia:

· Authoritarian - tus kws qhia ntawv ua raws li cov tib tug kawm ntawm txoj kev kawm, cov menyuam kawm ntawv - nws yog tsuas yog ib tug "kwv".

· Didaktotsentricheskie - yeej los ntawm cov kev kawm-yam khoom kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov xib fwb thiab cov menyuam kawm ntawv, cov hom sawv ua ntej kev kawm txoj kev kawm ntawv.

· Cov menyuam kawm ntawv-lub kawm technology - nyob rau ntawm lub plawv los ntawm kev kawm ntawv system tsum tus me nyuam muaj tus cwj pwm, los xyuas kom meej ib tus, muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab xis ib puag ncig rau nws txoj kev loj hlob. tus me nyuam tus cwj pwm zoo, nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm no technology, ib feem kev kawm.

· Siab zoo thiab tus kheej kev sib raug zoo - humanistic essence, hlwb kom pom tseeb rau cov nyiaj them yug ntawm tus neeg.

· Technology kev koom tes - kev cai ywj pheej, kev sib koom tes, koob pheej ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv cov kev sib raug ntawm kev kawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv thiab cov xib fwb.

· Dawb kev kawm ntawv technology - kub siab rau tej kev me nyuam kawm ntawv autonomy thiab txoj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev xaiv nyob rau hauv nws lub neej.

· Esoteric technology - lawv yog raws li nyob rau hauv cov lus qhuab qhia ntawm esoteric kev txawj ntse - qhov tseeb thiab txoj kev uas ua rau nws.